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湛江第一中学2016级高一英语备课组

高中英语完形填空与高阶思维能力构建的探究

—以记叙文为例

湛江第一中学

陈晓君

教学重点、难点：高阶思维能力在完形填空中的应用。

教学目标：让学生通过完形填空这种题型培养自己的高阶思维能力，并通过合理运用这种高阶思维能力来提升完形填空的解题技能。

【探究背景】

完形填空作为英语的一道重要题型，综合考查学生的阅读理解、词汇、语法规则、预测、推理判断、综合分析等能力。根据美国知名教育家布鲁姆关于思维能力的划分，“阅读理解和词汇、语法规则”属于识记和理解层面即低阶思维能力，而“预测、推理判断和综合分析”属于分析和创造层面即高阶思维能力。在实际的训练中，中学生常常面临高阶思维能力不足的困境。

鉴于此，笔者决定通过完形填空来探究培养中学生高阶思维能力的有效途径，并通过合理运用这种高阶思维能力来提升完形填空的解题技能。

【思路与方法探究】

一、预测能力：

(2014浙江) I had worried myself sick over Simon’s mother coming to see me. I was a new __1__, and I gave an honest account of the students’ work. In Simon’s case, the grades were awfully low. He couldn’t read his own handwriting. But he was a __2___ student. He discussed adult subjects with nearly adult comprehension. His work in no way reflected his __3__.

...I’m thankful that it came __20__ and positively. A small kindness can indeed make a difference 1

湛江第一中学2016级高一英语备课组

[预测] What topic can we predict from the given information (已知信息) in the passage? What will happen between the writer and Simon’s mother? What will happen in Simon’s life?

(2013) We have been driving in fog all morning, but the fog is lifting now. The little seaside villages are __1__, one bye one. “There is my grandmother’s house,” I say, __2__ across the bay to a shabby (破旧的) old house.

…Looking backward, we discover what is __19__ in us; learn the __20__ of “I”. We must all go home again—in reality or memory.

[预测] What topic can we predict from the given information (已知信息) in the passage? How will the story be developed? What change will there be in the writer’s life?

二、推理判断能力：

(2014浙江) I had worried myself sick over Simon’s mother coming to see me. I was a new __1__, and I gave an honest account of the students’ work. In Simon’s case, the grades were awfully low. He couldn’t read his own handwriting. But he was a __2___ student. He discussed adult subjects with nearly adult comprehension. His work in no way reflected his __3__.

…I’m thankful that it came __20__ and positively. A small kindness can indeed make a difference. [推理]What can we infer from the given information

(已知信息) in the passage? The writer was a new _______. Simon was the writer’s _______, who study was ______. Even though Simon was not a top student in the writer’s class, he/she still thought _______ of him. Because of the writer’s ______, Simon 2

湛江第一中学2016级高一英语备课组

made great ______.

(2013天津) As I held my father’s hands one night, I couldn’t help but notice their calluses (老茧) and roughness (粗糙). His hands tell the story of his life as a __1__, including all his struggles. One summer, I remember a drought (旱灾) hit Ontario. On one of those hot mornings I was picking sweet corn with my dad. …Dad, the life __20__ I have learned from you will stay with me forever. You are my father, teacher, and most importantly, my hero.

[推理]What can we infer from the given information

(已知信息) in the passage? The writer’s father was a ______ who was very ______. His hands were full of calluses which showed his ______ to his work and his ______ attitude towards life. The writer’s father set a ______ example to him, which had helped him ______ the difficulties in his life.

三、综合分析能力：

1.1

宏观：运用思维导图构建整体框架

My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend. On the way, we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said, “ __41___ my job. Family to Feed.”

At this store, a __42___ like this is not normal. My 10-year-old noticed him and make a __43____ on how bad it must be to have to stand ___44____ in the cold wind. In the store, I asked each of my kids to __45___ something they thought our “friend” there would ___46___. They got apples, a sandwich and a bottle of juice. Then my 17-year-old suggested giving him a ___47____. I thought about it. We were ___48__ on cash ourselves, but… well, sometimes __49___ from our need instead of our abundance is ___50__ what we need to do! All the kids __51____ something they could do away with for the week. When we handed him the bag of __52__, he lit up and thanked us with ___53__ eyes. 3

湛江第一中学2016级高一英语备课组

When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for __54____his family might need, he burst into tears. This has been a wonderful ___55__ for our family. For days the kids have been looking for others we can __56___! Things would have played out so __57____ if I had simply said, “No, we really don’t have ___58___ to give more.” Stepping out not only helped a brother in __59___, it also gave my kids the __60____ taste of helping others. It’ll go a long way with them. 1.2

微观：

1.2.1 培养语境意识

例1：Tom likes playing____, and he wants to be a shining star in the future. A football

B basketball

C volleyball Tom likes playing __________, and he wants to be a famous star like Yao Ming. A football

B basketball

C volleyball 例2：My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend. On the way, we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said, “______ my job. Family to Feed.”…

When we handed him the bag of _______, he lit up and thanked us with _______ eyes. (1) . A Lost

B Changed

C Quit

D Finished (2). A toys

B medicine

C food

D clothes (3). A sleepy

B watery

C curious

D sharp 1.2.2培养逻辑意识

Perhaps most of us aren’t as extreme at fault-finding,

_____ when we’re honest, we can be sharply critical (批判的) of the world. A so

B but

C and

D though

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湛江第一中学2016级高一英语备课组

四、【巩固练习】运用上述高阶思维能力完成对以下文章进行预测、推理判断。

Michael Greenberg is a very popular New Yorker. He is not famous in sports or the arts, but people in the streets __1__ about him, especially those who are __2__.

For those people, he is “Gloves” Greenberg. How did he get that __3__? He looks like any other businessman, wearing a suit and carrying a briefcase. But he’s __4__. His briefcase always has some gloves.

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湛江第一中学2016级高一英语备课组

五、【巩固练习】运用上述高阶思维能力画出思维导图。

Michael Greenberg is a very popular New Yorker. He is not famous in sports or the arts, but people in the streets __1__ about him, especially those who are __2__.

For those people, he is “Gloves” Greenberg. How did he get that __3__? He looks like any other businessman, wearing a suit and carrying a briefcase. But he’s __4__. His briefcase always has some gloves.

In winter, Mr. Greenberg does not __5__ like other New Yorkers, who look at the sidewalk and __6__ down the street. He looks around at __7__. He stops when he __8__ someone with no gloves. He gives them a pair and then he __9__ on, looking for more people with cold __10__.

On winter days, Mr. Greenberg __11__ away gloves. During the rest of the year, he __12__ gloves. People who have heard about him __13__ him gloves, and he has many in his apartment.

Mr. Greenberg __14__ doing this years ago. Now, many poor New Yorkers know him and __15__ his behavior. But people who don’t know him are sometimes __16__ by him. They don’t realize that he just wants to make them __17__.

It runs in the __18__. Michael’s father always helped the poor as he believed it made everyone happier. Michael Greenberg feels the __19__. A pair of gloves many be a __20__ thing, but it can make a big difference in winter.

欢迎各位专家、同行批评指正！谢谢！

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