Grammar and usage(1): Direct speech and reported speech课件配套优秀获奖教案

Direct Speech and Indirect Speech 泾县中学鲁克垠

一、教学内容：Module 4 Unit1 grammar and usage(P8)

二、教学目标：

1．能力目标

在本节课结束时，学生能够



结合教材中的例句和语法知识归纳出直接引语和间接引语互换的规律。



根据直接引语和间接引语的转换规律完成句式互换练习。



在适当的语境中运用间接引语对他人的语言进行复述或转述。

2．目标语言



重点词汇和短语

get tired of, pack up, suitcase 

语法项目：直接引语和间接引语

三、教学步骤：

步骤一

导入

1．

教师邀请一个学生扮演Anne，以第一人称讲述Anne的故事。教师告诉全班自己将转述该学生的故事，让全班学生注意听故事的内容以及所转述的内容。例如：

Student A: My name is Anne Frank and my family is Jewish. Teacher: She said that her name was Anne Frank and her family was Jewish. Student A: My family and I are hiding in Amsterdam.

Teacher: She said that she and her family were hiding in Amsterdam. Student A: My only true friend is Kitty—my diary.

Teacher: She said that her only true friend was Kitty—her diary.

Student A: After hiding here for a long time, I’ve become crazy about nature.

Teacher: She said that after hiding there for a long time, she had become crazy about nature. 2．

引导学生回顾刚才Anne的自述与老师的复述，让学生分辨直接引语和间接引语的句式。

Warming UpWarming Up

w

w

on

to

hoon

to

hoiittnnee

ttttaalls

Pay

Pay

tells

her

retecher

reDirect speechour

teacyour

tea

said!yDirect speech

nene

said!what

Anwhat

An

S: My name is Anne Frank and my S: My family and I are hiding in family is Jewish. Amsterdam.

T:She said that her name was Anne ______________T: She said that she and her family and _________________

Frank and her family was Jewish.were hiding in Amsterdam. ______

Indirect speechIndirect speech

Warming UpWarming Up

to

how

how

tention

ntion

tols

tea

t

tyaa

PylParetells

her

reteDirect speecheacher

cta

ertu

oryuyo!aid!dsi

aesDirect speechn

ne

nAwhat

what

An

S: My only true friend is Kitty —my diary. T: She said that her only true friend ___________was Kitty —her diary. ______Indirect speechS: After hiding here for a long time, I’ve become crazy about nature.T: She said that after hiding there for ____________a long time, she had become crazy ______about nature. 10

Indirect speech

设计意图：以复习阅读篇章内容的形式引入本节课将学的语法内容最直接，也最自然，教师不必花心思找其他话题或方法引入本节课。由学生叙述故事，教师复述故事直观地呈现了直接引语和间接引语在日常交际中不同的功能和意义。

步骤二

直接引语和间接引语的学习

1．小组活动一：分析例句，找出直接引语和间接引语的具体变化

1）

让学生独立观察教材Discovering useful structures部分的练习1中的几组例句，尝试自己发现并归纳直接引语和间接引语互换时会发生什么方面的变化。

2）

学生两人一小组分别对自己的发现进行讨论，补充并总结。教师可给予适当的提示，如变化的类型包括：verb tenses, pronoun forms, word order, adverbial of time, some verbs等。

3）

教师请个别小组发表意见，并与学生一同将练习1中每个例句的具体变化归纳成表格，写在黑板上。（如下表）

Group 1

Direct Speech Indirect Speech Direct Speech 2 Indirect Speech Direct Speech Indirect Speech Direct Speech Indirect Speech Sentence structure Declarative say/tell that + clause Interrogative ask whether/if + statement Special Interrogative Special Interrogative Tense Present Past Present Past Present Past Past Past Perfect Pronoun First person Third person First person Third person Second person Third person Second person Third person 3 4

2．小组活动二：归纳直接引语和间接引语互换的规则

1) 老师给出五种句式的直接引语和间接引语的例句，让学生观察，并尝试归纳直接引语和间接引语互换的规则:

Grammar StudyGrammar Study

Sentence Direct speechIndirect speechSentence Direct speechIndirect speech

structurestructureShe said that DeclaPositiveShe said, “I

Interrogative “Are you going Sam asked she had passed rativepassed this (yes/no to buy this coat?”Mary if she that exam.exam.”

questions)Sam asked was going to John told me NegativeJohn said, “I Mary.buy the coat.

can’t finish the that he couldn’t finish the job job this

that afternoon.afternoon.”

Sentence Direct speechIndirect speech

structureSpecial “How can I Jane asked me

Interrogativesolve the how she could problem?”Jane solve the

asked me.problem.

Work in groups of four, study all the examples provided and read the grammar appendix on

page 89-90. Finish your task of summarizing the rules.

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2）

让学生在限定时间内迅速阅读课本的语法附录（见P87—90）进行自主学习。

3）

把全班分成四大组，每大组给一个任务。每4名学生一小组，同一大组的小组任务相同。老师分发表格给每小组，让组内学生合作完成他们自己的任务。老师给出填写的六个任务是：Sentence structure, Tense, Pronoun, Adverbial of time, Adverbial of place and verb。

Task 2Direct SpeechIndirect SpeechPresentTask 1Direct SpeechIndirect Speech

PastDeclarativeSentence

Present perfectYes/No questionsstructureTensePast perfectSpecial questions

Present continuousFuture

4）

分别请四大组的个别小组呈现他们的填写结果（使用投影仪），老师现场进行点评或纠正。

5）

让学生合并各大组的内容，合成一份完整的直接引语和间接引语规则的归纳表。

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3．归纳直接引语和间接引语互换的特殊情况

1）老师提供四个直接引语的例句，让学生变为间接引语，并请个别学生在黑板上做。

Case A truth Timetable A saying/proverb/quotation An adverbial indicating the past Direct Speech He said, “The earth goes around the sun.”

He said, “The train leaves at 7:30 p.m.”

He said, “Rome isn’t built in a day.”

Tom said, “I was born in July, 1978.”

Indirect Speech

2）

老师与全班核对黑板上的答案，提问：这4个句子有哪些共同点？

3）让学生尝试归纳直接引语和间接引语特殊情况的互换规则，老师做最后小结。

小结：当直接引语阐述的是客观真理(a truth)、现在习惯动作、时刻表(timetable)、格言(a saying/proverb/quotation)和过去的时间状语( Adverbial indicating the past)时，在变间接引语时，时态不变。

Grammar StudyTry to change direct speech into indirect speech :1.He said, “the earth goes around the sun.”He said that the earth goes around the sun.2. He said, “The train leaves at 7:30p.m.”He said that the train leaves at 7:30p.m.3. He said, “Rome isn’t built in a day.”He said that Rome isn’t built in a day.4. Tom said, “I was born in July, 1978.”Tom said he was born in July, 1978.

设计意图：以两人/四人小组活动形式学习语法，有利于学生在活动中体验而后享受与同学合作带来的成功喜悦，使学习更有趣，因此在此环节里，设计了让学生独立思考、二人小组观察和讨论、四人小组完成表格填写任务等形式不同的活动，变沉闷语法课为有生气的学生学习合作活动课，提高了课堂教学的有效性。活动一是让学生观察练习里的几组直接引语和间接引语互换的例句并找出它们的不同处，由于难度不大，所以先让学生独立思考、观察例句，才安排两人小组讨论并收集个人思考结果，有助于学生互相帮助共同完成任务。活动二是让学生根据五种句式的直接引语和间接引语例句，归纳它们互换的变化规则。此活动特意安排学生在短时间里自学语法知识，目的是培养和提高学生自主学习的能力。活动三是让全班学生分工合作完成直接引语和间接引语规则的归纳表格。把大任务分成小任务让学生完成，把难度降低之外，也培养了学生的观察、归纳、合作能力，学生非常乐意这种合作性强的学习活动，从而提高了学习的有效性。

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步骤三

直接引语和间接引语的练习

1．

让学生完成笔头Discovering useful structures部分的练习2。

1）

在学生动笔前，教师可利用幻灯片把句子中需要变化的词划出。

III PracticePractice

Try to do SB P.5 Ex.24. Her father asked her why shechose/ had chosenChange the sentences either into direct speech

herdiary and old letters.or indirect speech:5. “Are youvery hot with so many clothes on?”

1 Anne saidthat she didn’t knowthe address Mother asked/said to her.of her new home.6. “What else haveyou hiddenunder your

2 Anne told herfather that she had gottired of overcoat?”Margot asked her.looking at nature through dirty curtains and 7. “When shall we go back home?”Anne asked her

dusty windows.father.3 The girl saidthat sheneededto pack up her8. “Why did youtalk so much to thatboy?”Father

things in the suitcase very quickly.asked Anne.

2）老师核对答案并点评。

2．角色扮演

1）让学生阅读教材第五页的练习3的要求，浏览天气预报表。然而请一名学生扮grandmother，老师扮grandchild，为全班做对话示范。

2）让学生二人小组合作，互换角色完成对话。

设计意图：此环节是上一环节理论学习的延伸，即实践。活动一是笔头练习，利用课本现GM: What’s the weather like in…tomorrow?I can’t hear the man clearly on the TV.GS: That’s all right. I can help. The man said it was going to rain.GM: What did he say about Shanghai?GS: ….Practice

有练习检测学生学习的效果，让学生做练习前把需要变化的词划线，能帮助粗心学生减少错误，也培养了做习题的良好习惯。活动二的口头练习，也是利用课本现有材料，巩固学生对直接引语和间接引语的掌握情况，也为学生的交际活动创设了较为真实的交际空间。

*3．小组游戏（选做）

学生三人一组做游戏。教师提供给每个小组一张纸，纸上列有六到八个问题。学生A根据自己的实际情况回答纸上的第一个问题，学生B向学生C发问：What did he/she say? 学生C将学生A的回答转述，转述时要使用间接引语。然后三人互换角色。参考问题如下：



What is your name? 

When were you born? 

How long have you lived in this city? 

What do you usually do in your spare time? 

Who is your best friend? 

How are you getting along with your family?

…

在游戏开始前，教师可选取两个学生为全班做示范。如：

Q: When were you born? S1: I was born on July 5th. S2: What did he say? T: He said he was born on July 5th.

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步骤四

小结和作业

1．使用间接引语复述安妮的另一篇日记（WB P.42

Ex.1.2）。

2．复习本节课所学的直接引语和间接引语的语法规

则。

设计意图：给学生布置复述作业的目的就是让学生在复述过程中运用本节课知识，巩固学习内容。

注：附录1和2教师可以作为资料发给学生，供学生课后复习用。

附录1：

Direct Speech Declarative Interrogative Sentence structure Special Interrogative Interrogative Explanative Present Past Tense Present perfect Past perfect Present continuous Future First person Pronoun Second person This /These Now Today Yesterday Adverbial of time This week/month/year Last week/month/year Three days ago Tomorrow Here Adverbial of place This place These places Come Verb

Bring Borrow Indirect Speech Say/ tell sb. (that) +clause Ask/wonder whether/if+ statement order Ask/wonder + wh-word +statement order Ask/tell/order sb.(not) to do Tell sb. What/how + statement order Past Past perfect Past perfect Past perfect Past continuous Past future Third person First or third person That / Those Then That day The day before That week/month/year The week/month/year before Three days before The next day/ the following day There That place Those places Go Take Lend

IV Homework1. Do WB P.42 Ex.12. Review the rules of the changes from direct speech into indirect speech.

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附录2：

Case a truth Timetable A saying/proverb/quotation An adverbial indicating the past

Direct Speech He said, “The earth goes around the sun.”

He said, “The train leaves at 7:30 p.m.”

He said, “Rome isn’t built in a day.”

Tom said, “I was born in July, 1978.”

Indirect Speech He said that the earth goes around the sun. He said that the train leaves at 7:30 p.m. He said that Rome isn’t built in a day. Tom said he was born in July, 1978.

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