Learning about Language名师教学设计1

非谓语动词思维导图

教学内容: 复习非谓语动词

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教学目标：复习非谓语动词的几种区别，确保学生能够熟练使非谓语动词，提高学生做题的速度和准确度。

教学重难点：非谓语动词的区别。

活动过程：

过程1：

在黑板上展示两个句子：(1).He came into the cave, only to find a dead man.

(2) He left home, thus leaving his son. 让学生讨论to find和leaving用在两个句子中作结果状语的区别，从而引出本节课的主题——非谓语动词的区别。

过程2：通过五个要点比较复习的办法，并采用演绎法和归纳法，让学生生更容易理解和记忆。

过程3：在教学过程中，主要列举了一些近几年高考中的要点练习题，让学生实际操作，并进行归纳总结，起到点睛的作用。

过程4：习题巩固方面，主要突出了本节课的教学重点和难点：动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词作宾语补足语的区别；过去分词、

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现在分词作状语的区别。本环节也通过高考试题的点拨，让学生来了解高考的考试方向，使学生对非谓语动词的掌握更具有方向性。

过程5：通过选择填空和改错题的方式进行测试，了解学生掌握情况，以指导下节课的拓展与延伸。。

过程6：总结这节课，布置课后作业。

非谓语动词的区别

Ⅰ.如何区分动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词作定语？

主要根据非谓语动词与被修饰词之间的关系来决定。

1. 如果非谓语动词与被修饰词之间是被动关系或表动作已完成。就用过去分词。

The book _________ (write) by the peasant

is interesting. 2.

1) 如果非谓语动词与被修饰词之间是主谓关系，而且表示动作正在进行就用现在分词的一般式（doing)

Did you see the girl __________ (dance) with your brother?

2) 如果非谓语动词与被修饰词之间是动宾关系且表示动作正在进行就用现在分词的被动式（being done)。例如：

The house being decorated now is mine. 3.动词不定式作定语，表示“将来”的意义。

1）不定式与被修饰词之间虽然是动宾关系，但如果不定式的逻辑主语是句子的主语时，就用不定式的主动形式（to do)。

I have a letter to type. 2）

不定式与被修饰词之间是动宾关系且表示即将进行的动作就用动词不定式的被动式（to be done)。

The house to be repaired next month will be mine.

练习：

用所给词的适当形式填空。

1) The house_______ (build) last year is my uncle’s house.

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2) The building__________ (build) next year will be the teaching building. 3) The building__________ (build) now will be the lab building.

Ⅱ.现在分词和过去分词作表语的区别：

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现在分词作表语，表示主语的性质和特征，含有“令人……的” 之意，主语与表语之间是主动关系。主语一般是物。例如：

1) The story sounds interesting.

2) The news was disappointing. 2.

过去分词作表语时一般置于be, get, become, look, sound, feel remain等系动词的后面，表示主语所处的状态或感受, 在逻辑上与主语有被动关系，

例如：

1）

I was pleased at the news.

2）The door remained locked

3）He looked very excited 4) The boy looked up with a _pleased（please) expression.

注意：用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物，这种过去分词在形式上虽不直接修饰人，但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关。

Ⅲ.动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词作宾语补足语的区别：

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现在分词作宾语补足语。

宾语与宾补之间在逻辑上存在着主谓关系（即宾语是现在分词动作的执行者）。而且表示动作正在进行，就用现在分词作宾语补足语

2.

动词不定式作宾语补足语。

宾语与宾补之间在逻辑上存在着主谓关系（即宾语是动词不定式动作的执行者）。不表示动作正在进行,只表示动作的全过程,就用动词不定式作宾语补足语。

3.过去分词作宾语补足语。

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宾语与宾补之间在逻辑上存在着动宾关系（即宾语是过去分词动作的承受者）。就用过去分词作宾语补足语。

1) He got his sister _________ (write) a letter for him. 2) Our teachers have us ______ (do) our homework every day. 3) The boss made his workers ___________ (work)

twelve hours a day. 4) He had his sister ____________ (write) a letter for him. 5) I saw his brother __________ (get) in a car. 6) I had that door ___________ (paint) only last week. 7) A week ago I had a hundred dollars __________ (save) 8) We have your medicine ___________ (prepare) now. Please take it. 9) I raised my voice to make myself __________ (hear). 10) Don’t let the light in your room ____________ (burn) all night long. Ⅳ.过去分词、现在分词作状语的区别：

根据分词与逻辑主语（即句子的主语）的关系来决定两种分词的选择。

(1) 如果分词的动作是由句子的主语发出的，

那么主语与分词所表示的动作是

主谓关系，就用现在分词的一般式doing或现在分词的完成式having done 。

例如：

1) Comparing the new building with the old one, we find that the new one

looks more beautiful.

2) Having finished my homework, I went home.

(2) 若分词的动作不是由句子的主语发出的，分词所表示的动作与主语是动宾关系

（即是该分词动作的承受者），则用过去分词(done)或用现在分词完

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成被动式having

been done但要注意，having been done 是强调一个被动的动作发生在谓语动词之前。

过去分词done表被动，表示动作已完成，但没有强调发生在谓语动词之前。

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Compared with the old one, the new building looks more beautiful. 2) Seen from the hill, the town looks more beautiful. 3) Having been told many times, he couldn’t understand it.

Practice:

1) __________ ( see) from the top of the hill, the park looks very beautiful. 2) Once __________ (publish), this dictionary will be very popular. 3) ________ ( give ) more time, we could do it much better. 4) ________ ( pay) more attention, the child will be happier. 5) _________ (choke) by heavy smoke, he could hardly breathe. 6) The woman scientist entered the lab, ________ ( follow) by her assistants. 7) Not ________________ （receive）

an answer, I wrote to him again.

Ⅴ.过去分词和现在分词完成被动式的区别：

1. 及物动词的过去分词没有完成式，它有“完成”和“被动”的含义，但却没有强调该动作发生在谓语动词前。它有时可以用现在分词完成被动式去替换。

eg: The bridge had been weakened by successive storms and was no longer safe

= Weakened by successive storms, the bridge was no longer safe. = Having been weakened by successive storms, the bridge was no

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longer safe.

这座桥接二连三地遭到暴风雨的袭击后，己经不安全了。

2.现在分词完成被动式：强调分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前。（强调动作发生在先）

eg: Having been warned about the bandits, he left his valuables at home。

当警告有强盗出没时，他就把贵重物品留在家里。

1)___________(tell) many times, he still couldn’t understand.

2) __________(give) a satisfactory operation, the patient recovered from illness very quickly. 3) __________(give) a satisfactory operation, the doctor believed the patient would recover from his illness very soon. 3. 通常过去分词可作定语使用，而现在分词完成被动式却不能用作定语。

eg:

The computer centre, opened last year，

is very popular among the students in this school.

去年开办的计算机中心很受学生的欢迎。

过去分词既能表示被动又有完成的含义)

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非谓语动词解题三原则：

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1、查看句子是否缺少谓语动词，以判断是否使用非谓语动词。（高中学习中，一般情况下同一个句子不能出现两个谓语，如果句子有谓语则选择非谓语）2、判断语态，根据动作执行者和承受者来判断是使用主动还是被动语态）3、判断时态，根据动作的先后关系等，判断应该使用的时态。

高考链接

1. _________ around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Bird’s Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games.

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A. Having shown

B. To be shown

C. Having been shown

D. To show

2. ______ by a greater demand for vegetables,

farmers have built more green houses.

A. Driven

B. Being driven

C. To drive

D. Having driven Ⅰ. 单项选择

1.

______ more attention, the tree could have grown better.

A. Given

B. To give

C. Giving

D. Having given. 2. The computer center, ____ last year, is very popular among the students in this school. A. open

B. opening

C. having opened

D. opened 3. The first textbooks ________ for teaching

English as a foreign language came out in

the 16th century.

A. having written

B. to be written

C. being written

D. written 4. ______ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.

A. Losing

B. Having lost C. Lost

D. To lose

5. ____ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.

A. Having suffered

B. Suffering

C. To suffer

D. Suffered

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6. The research is so designed that once____ nothing can be done to change it.

A. begins

B. having begun

C. beginning

D. begun

Ⅱ. 改错

1.

He came back with a basket filling with eggs

filling 改为filled 2. A breaking cup is lying on the floor.

breaking 改为

broken 3. The meeting holds yesterday was very important.

holds 改为

held 4. Giving more time, I would do it better.

Giving 改为

Given 5. Deeply moving by his words, the old man agreed to his request.

moving 改为

moved 6. Seen his mother coming, the child was very

happy.

Seen 改为

Seeing

7. The murderer was brought in, with his hands tying behind his back.

tying 改为

tied Homework Review the grammar on the pages(204-206) Finish the exercises on the page 207.

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