Grammar and usage(1): Modal verbs: general introduction教学设计(第二课时)

M4 U2 Grammar and usage Modal verbs

教学详案

教学目标：1. 了解情态动词的基本意义和作用

2. 学会如何正确地使用几个常见的情态动词：

can/be able to; shall/will; mustn’t/needn’t 教学重点：如何让学生了解情态动词的基本意义和作用

教学难点：如何让学生正确地使用几个常见的情态动词

教学步骤：

I. 了解什么是情态动词？

Liu Xiang is a very gifted sportsman. He can run the 110m hurdle race within 13 seconds. Yet he must work hard to win the gold medal.

Can you run faster than Liu Xiang? Yes, I can. No, I can’t.

We call the red words ——

modal verbs. 什么是情态动词？(modal verbs)

情态动词表示说话人的某种感情或语气，对某一动作或状态的某种态度。表示“需要、可以、必须、应当”等。

有哪些情态动词？情态动词

1.can, could, be able to （可能，

能够）

2.may, might （可以，

可能）

3.must, have to （必须，

不得不）

4.should, ought to （应该，

应当）

5.need （需要）

6.shall,will, would （愿意）

7.dare （敢）

8.used to (过去常常) 9.had better（最好）

可以充当什么作用？

I. We use modal verbs to talk about: 1.ability能力

2.obligation义务,职责

3. certainty确定

4. permission许可

II. We also use modal verbs to: 5. make requests 提出要求

6.make suggestions 给出建议

7. make offers提供帮助

8. give advice提出忠告

II. 探究情态动词的几个作用：

1.Ability (能力): Liu Xiang can run the 110m hurdle race within 13 seconds

Ability: He can speak English now.

He couldn’t speak English a year ago.

I’m not able to come to the game on Friday.

It’s nice to be able to attend the lecture.

A big fire broke out in ABC hotel yesterday. Luckily, everyone was able to run out of the building. 归纳：

*be able to 能用于___________时态,

可放在_____________

之后。

1

can / could 只能表示______________的能力。

*was / were able to : “______________”相当于manage to do sth/ succeed in doing sth 2.Obligation (义务): I’m so tired! I have to do the training for at least 10 hours a day!

Although Liu Xiang is so gifted in hurdle race…

yet he

must work hard to win the gold medal. Obligation: You must fasten your seat belts.

You have to go home now for the

last bus has gone.

You should pay attention.

You ought to pay attention. 归纳：

must 表_______观上的必须，不得不

have to 表_______观上的必须，不得不

ought to—should —have to—must 语气由_________ P29

A.

(1) must

(2) has to

(3) should

(4) must

(5) ought to

(6) should 3.Certainty (可能性) : Although the chance of winning a medal is small, I’ll try my best!

Shi Dongpeng might win a medal at the Olympic Games.

Certainty：不同的“肯定”程度可按下列层次排列：

He is at home. (事实)

He must be at home.（非常肯定的推断）

He ought to be at home.（很可能）

He should be at home. (很可能)

He could be at home.（很可能）

He may be at home.（仅仅可能而已）

He might be at home.（或许, 非常不确定）

He couldn’t be at home.（很可能不在家）

He can’t be at home.（一定不在家）

He isn't at home.（事实）

4.Permission (允许): May I eat KFC if I win the gold medal? Permission: All passengers may now board.

We can board now.

Can I watch the Olympics? —Yes, you can./ No, you can’t.

Might I go shopping?

—Yes, you may./No, you may not 归纳：

might, could 比较____, 一般多用于_______句。

can, may 表达的语言比较______。

在以could, might 表示征询对方意见或表示请求时，回答应相应使用语气较强的

__________。

5)Make requests:(提出要求): I don’t know how to use this equipment!

Can you help me with my training?

2

6)Make suggestions:(提出建议): It’s too hot to take exercise in the afternoon.

Shall we do some exercise this morning? 7)Make offers:(提供帮助): Mom, my dirty clothes have been piled up! I don’t have time……

Don’t worry, dear, I will wash them right away. 8)Give advice:(提出意见): How delicious!!! You should not/ought not to eat so much before swimming.

P29. B. (1) Shall

(2) have to

(3) can’t

(4) would

(5) Could

(6) might III. 探究

shall和will的用法

shall and will Don’t worry. You shall have the tickets for the games. Liu Mei will go and buy the tickets for the games. Shall we take you to the new stadium this weekend? A group of students are waiting to see you. Shall they come in? Will you go watching the game with me this afternoon? Will he pay for me？

shall和will的比较

比较内容

shall 肯定句

疑问句

用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给

与第一、三人称连用，表示征询对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。

对方的意见，向对方请示或提供

帮助

1）表示“习惯性、经常性、必然性”

2）表示“意志、愿望、决心”

3）表示“请求、建议

与第二、三人称连用，表示征询对方的意见

Will/ would P31. B. (1) Shall

(2) shall

(3) Will

(4) will/shall

(5) will/shall

(6) shall/will 归纳：1.情态动词的基本用法

1）

情态动词后面接__________并与动词原形一起构成_________。

2）

情态动词虽有时态的变化，但却没有_________的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s（have to 和

be able to 除外）。

3）情态动词变为疑问句将情态动词移至________前

2. 表示否定的情态动词的用法: mustn’t

needn’t

can’t

may not

shouldn’t

won’t/ wouldn’t

daren’t

had better not

3

一般在情态动词后加_______(ought to/have to 除外) 3. can/may/must/need 问句的回答方式

疑问句式

Can/Could you do sth.

肯定答式

Yes, I/we can/could Yes ,you may

Yes, you must

Yes ,

否定答式

No, I/we can’t/ couldn’t

No ,you

No you

No, you needn’t/don’t have to.

May I do sth.? Must I /we do sth.? Need I do sth.?

拓展提升----情态动词+时态表推测. The boys may be playing football on the playground. He plays basketball very well. He must have practised it a lot. 情态动词

肯定的推测

must 可能的推测

may, might 否定的推测

can’t, couldn’t 疑问的推测

can, could 对将来

对现在

对过去

+ V.

常见must be + V. + V. + V. + V + be doing + V + be doing + V + be doing + V + be doing + have done + have done + have done + have done “情态动词+have done”的用法

（1）should/ought to have done过去应该做而未做

（2）shouldn’t/oughtn’t to have done 过去不应该做而实际上做了

（3）needn’t have done 本没有必要做的事实际却做了

（4）could have done本来能够做的（有能力做）事实际却未做到

巩固练习

1. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ______ get out. A. had to

B. would

C. could

D. was able to 2.Your mother brings you up and takes good care of you, so when she is old, you ___ look after her in return. A. can

B. may

C. have to

D. must 3.

— Might I watch TV after supper?— Yes, you ________.

A. may

B. must

C. might

D. can 4. If you ________follow my advice, I ______ offer you some help.

A. will, shall

B. will, would

C. should, shall D. shall, will 5. --May I pick a flower in the garden?

-- ________. A. No, you needn’t

B. Not, please.

C. No, you mustn’t

D. No, you won’t

4

6. Aunt Mary ______ the train, otherwise she would have arrived here by now. A. must have missed

B. should have missed C. had missed

D. might miss

拓展提升

1.

You____ buy a gift, but you can if you want to.(2010湖南23)

A. must

B. mustn’t

C. have to

D. don’t have to 2.—I haven’t got

the reference book yet, but I’ll have a test on the subject next month.

--Don’t worry. You ____ have it by Friday.(2010江苏25)

A. could

B. shall

C. must

D. may 3 -----No one _______ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.(2011湖南28)

----Oh, you are really his big fan. A. can

B. need

C. must

D. might 4．It

be the postman at the door. It’s only six o’clock.（2011江西23）

A．mustn’t B．can’t

C．won’t

D．needn’t 5. If you

smoke, please go outside.（2011全国8）

A. can

B. should

C. must

D. may 6．They

have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.（2011新课标32）

A. will

B. can

C. must

D. should Homework

•

1. Part A on P31 •

2. C1 and C2 on P 100

5