Grammar优秀教案范文

Period Three

Grammar & Writing

现在完成时

一、构成

基本形式：have/has＋动词的过去分词

否定形式：have/has＋not＋动词的过去分词

被动形式：have/has＋been＋动词的过去分词

二、用法

1．表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常与recently，before，so far，up to now，till now，in the past/last years，these days等时间状语连用。

Great changes have taken place in our school in the past two years. 最近两年我们学校发生了很大变化。

2．表示动作或状态在过去已经开始，持续到现在(可能还会继续进行下去)。常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，如：for＋一段时间，since＋过去时间点，since then，ever since等。

Mr Wang has worked in this factory since he came to this city. 自从来到这个城市，王先生一直在这家工厂工作。

3．用于现在完成时的常用句型

(1)It is/has been＋一段时间＋since＋一般过去时“自从……以来多久了。”

(2)This/It is the first/second...time (that)＋现在完成时“这是(某人)第一/二……次做某事。”

It is/has been two weeks since we arrived here. 自从我们到这里已经有两星期了。

It is the third time that I have seen the film. 这是我第三次看这部电影了。

三、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别

1．现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。时间状语与现在时间有关，不与表示过去的时间状语连用。

2．一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，与现在的情况没有关系。与表示过去的时间状语连用，如

yesterday，last year，in the past，ago等。

He has lived in Beijing for four years. 他在北京住了四年了。

He lived in Beijing for four years. 他在北京住过四年。

注意：在肯定句中，非延续性动词如come，go，leave，borrow，buy，die，join等的完成时不能与时间段连用，若要接时间段状语，则应换成相应的延续性动词或状态动词。但在否定句中，非延续性动词的完成时可与时间段连用。

①I have bought a new car.我买了辆新车。

②I have bought a new car for two weeks.(×)

→I have had the new car for two weeks.(√)

我买了这辆新车已经两周了。

[即时跟踪]

用所给动词的正确形式填空

1．This is the first time that I have_been(be) to the Great Wall. 2．I will lend you the book as soon as I have_finished (finish) reading it. 3．Tom has_lived(live) here for five years till now. 4．After I have_had (have) supper，I often do homework. 5．Up to now，the program has_saved(save) thousands of children who would otherwise have died. 6．How long have you had(have) this dictionary? 7．This is the best film I have ever seen(see)．

8．Her grandfather has_been_dead(die) for over five years. 9．Molly went to Japan last year.And I haven't_heard(not，hear) from him ever since. 10．It's the third time that I have_met(meet) him this week.

Ⅰ.用所给动词的正确形式填空

1．In my hometown, there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat has_been_cut(cut)．

2．Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement has_been_reached(reach) so far by the two sides. 3．—How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing? —Well，the media have_covered(cover) it in a variety of forms. 4．When I first met Bryan I didn't like him，but I have_changed(change) my mind. 5．Shakespeare's play Hamlet has_been_made(make) into at least ten different films over the past years. 6．—Oh no！We're too late.The train has_left(leave)．

—That's OK.We'll catch the next train to London. 7．During the last three decades，the number of people participating in physical fitness programs has_increased(increase) sharply. Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误) 1．Lots of studies have been\

shown that global warming has already become a very serious problem. 2．With little sleep and hardly any break，he works from morning till night.Hard work havehas

made him very ill. never3．However，he was the gentlest man I have ever

known.

写一篇地点介绍类说明文

【文体指导】

写作要求介绍某一地区，写作时应注意下面几点：

1．体裁：介绍一个地区属于说明文。

2．内容：一般包括三部分。开头部分对地区或名胜进行简单概括；主体部分详细介绍该地区或名胜的特点；结尾部分要对该地区或名胜进行总体评价。

3．顺序：可以由总体到局部，由远及近，按时间、空间或逻辑顺序来描述。

4．时态：如果对该地区进行一些客观描写及主观发挥，一般以现在时态为主；如果对比过去则用过去时态；如果展望未来则可以用将来时态。

【常用句式】

1．所处位置(Location) (1)Our school lies near/behind/in front of/by the side of/between/among... (2)Standing on the top of the mountain，the temple has experienced many changes in this area. (3)There stands an old temple near the river. (4)The beautiful town is located/situated on the west of the lake/to the west of the mountain/in the west of the province. (5)Surrounded by mountains on three sides，the small village faces a clear river on the east. 2．面积(Area) (1)Tian'anmen Square，the largest square in the world，covers an area of... (2)This square is 2,000 meters long and 1,500 meters wide. (3)Our school，which takes up 63 thousand square kilometers，is very large in size. 3．人口(Population) (1)Japan has a small population of... (2)China is a developing country，with a population of 1.3 billion. (3)The population here is increasing year by year. (4)Eighty percent of the population here are farmers. 4．名胜

(Places of interest) (1)In Sydney，there are many places of interest，such as the Opera House. (2)The Opera House in Sydney is one of the most well-known places of interest in the world. (3)Sydney is the biggest city in Australia，which has many places of interest，among which is the Opera House.

【写作任务】

假如你叫李华，你的美国朋友Daniel对中国很感兴趣，想了解中国的基本情况。请你根据提示写一篇英语作文，向他介绍中国。

国名

中华人民共和国

地理位置

亚洲东部，面临太平洋

面积

960万平方千米

人口

13亿

民族(nationality) 56个

气候

冬冷夏热

国情

【审题谋篇】

1.有勤劳勇敢的人民，拥有5 000年的文明；

2.首都北京已在2008年8月8日成功举办了第29届奥运会。

第一步

明确要求

本文为说明文，介绍中国。

第二步

确定段落

Part 1

中国的地理位置、面积和气候

Part 2

中国的民族、人口和历史

Part 3

勤劳的人民和成功举办奥运会

第三步

词汇热身

1．位于亚洲东部

lie_in_the_east_of_Asia 2．占据多大的面积

cover_an_area_of 3．有多少人口

have_a_population_of 4．由……组成

be_made_up_of 5．有……的历史

have_a_history_of 6．举办

host 第四步

句式升级

1．中华人民共和国位于亚洲的东部，面临太平洋。

(一般表达)The People's Republic of China lies in the east of Asia and it faces the Pacific Ocean. (句式升级)The People's Republic of China lies in the east of Asia，facing_the_Pacific_Ocean.(现在分词短语作状语) 2．中国由56个不同的民族组成。它有13亿人口。

(一般表达)China is made up of 56 different nationalities.It has a population of 1.3 billion. (句式升级)China，which_is_made_up_of_56_different_nationalities，has a population of 1.3 billion.(非限制性定语从句) 【连句成篇】

The People's Republic of China lies in the east of Asia，facing the Pacific Ocean.China covers a total area of 9,600,000 square kilometers.The climate here is cold in the winter and hot in the summer in most areas. China has a population of 1.3 billion，which is made up of 56 different nationalities.It is a country with the largest population in the world. China has a history of 5,000 years.Chinese people are hard-working and brave，so China successfully hosted the 29th Olympic Games on August 8th,2008，in the capital of China，Beijing.