Learning about Language精品学案

Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors

Vocabulary and Useful Expressions

Aims:

Teaching aims 教学目标

1.Ability aims 能力目标

Enable the students to use the Present Perfect Continuous tense. 2.

Learning ability aims 学能目标

Help the students learn how to use the Present Perfect Continuous tense. Content 教学内容

1.

identify vt. 确认，识别，鉴别

（1）~ sb. /sth. as sb./ sth.确认，证明某人/某物系某人/某物

e.g. She identified the man as her attacker. （2）~ sth. with sth.认为某事物与另一事物等同

e.g. One can’t ~ happiness with wealth. 扩展：identification n. identification card 身份证

2.

alternative adj. 供选择的，其他的

e.g. The way was blocked ,so we had to go by ~ road. 这条路阻塞，我们只能走其他路。

3.

interrupt vt. 1) 打断，中断，阻碍

The war ~ed the trade between the 2 countries. e.g. 战争打断了两国间的贸易。

②Sorry to interrupt you, but I have something to say.

打断某人的话

~ sb. /sth. with sth. 用……打扰/打断……

e.g.他用一个问题打断了他的老师。

He interrupted his teacher with a question. (2) interrupt sb. 打扰某人

e.g. ①Don’t interrupt me. I am very busy. 打扰某人

4. assume vt. 假定，设想；担任，承担

(1)assume 后多跟

1) 名词，2)宾语+ to be + n. / adj., 3) that 从句

e.g. 1. The scientist ~ that there no animals on the moon. 科学家设想月球上没有动物．

2.

I ~d the responsibility. 我来承担责任。

3.

He assumed a great man. 他假装是伟人．

(2) assuming 放在句首，表一种猜测。

e.g. Assuming it rains tomorrow, what shall we do?

扩展：

assumption n. make an assumption ５. regardless of 不管；不顾；不注意

e.g. He went ~ the risk. 他不顾危险地去了。

He is ~ his appearance. 他不注意自己的外表。

6. preserve vt.(1) 保存；保护；收藏

e.g. You can ~ meat or fish in salt. 你可以用盐来保存肉或鱼。

(2) 保持；维持

e.g. It is one of the duties of the police to ~ public order

7.sharpen. vt /vi 使变锐利

锋利

、磨快刀

sharpen a pencil with a knife. Sharpen a knife. Sharpene stone tools. n. sharpener 磨快的用具

adj. Sharp 锐利的、陡峭的、激烈的、凛冽的

8．Preserve vt 保存、保护

、保管

The city should take steps to preserve the old temple.

Preserve… from..保护使免于

Oil preserves metal from rust. Vt.保存

、储藏

, 维持、保护

Preserve fruit in sugar cans. Preserve one’s strength. 9．I’m sorry to interrupt you, but how could they live here? I’m sorry, but …… Excuse me , but….

10.We have been excavating layers of ash almost six meters thick, which suggest that they might

have kept the fire burning all winter. six meters thick six years old They haven't been meeting each other for five years. 他们有五年没见面了。

He hasn't been teaching here these years.

这些年他并没有一直在这儿教书。

3. 一般疑问句：“Have(Has) + 主语

+ been + 动词的现在分词？”其肯定回答：“Yes, 主语

+

have(has).”否定回答：“No,

主语

+ haven't (hasn't).”

【例如】：

—

Have you been studying for the English test today? 你今天一直在准备英语测试吗？

—

Yes, I have. / No, I haven't. 是的。

/ 不，我没有。

—

Has Daniel been skating for two years?

丹尼尔滑冰已经有两年了吗？

—

Yes, he has. / No, he hasn't. 是的。/ 不，他没有。

4. 特殊疑问句：“

特殊疑问词

+ 一般疑问句？”

【例如】：

What book have you been reading recently? 最近你在看什么书？

How has your uncle been getting on with his work?

你叔叔的工作进展得怎么样？

四、注意事项

有些不能用现在进行时的动词，如

be, have, like, love, know, see, hear 等，同样也不能用现在

完成进行时，而应用现在完成时。例如：

The poor woman has been ill for a long time. 那可怜的妇人已经病了好久了。

Have you seen her parents these days? 这些天你看见她的父母了吗？

时态对比

1. 现在完成进行时与现在进行时比较：

现在完成进行时强调某一动作从过去一直延续到现在；而现在进行时只指目前正在发生的动

作。试比较：

Susan has been reading that storybook since last night. 从昨晚开始苏珊就一直在看那本故事书。

Susan is reading a storybook now. 苏珊正在看一本故事书。

2. 现在完成进行时和现在完成时比较：

⑴有些动词(如：work, study, live, teach 等)用现在完成进行时与现在完成时表达的意思差不多。试

比较：

The teacher has been teaching at this school for ten years. 十年来，那位老师一直在这所学校教书。

The teacher has taught at this school for ten years. 那位老师在这所学校已经教了十年书了。

⑵英语中的多数动词在这两种时态中表示不同的含义。现在完成时如果不带表示一段时间的

状语，就只能表示动作的完成，而现在完成进行时则表示动作的延续。试比较：

They have built a new lab. 他们建造了一幢新的实验室。(表示动作的完成) They have been building a new lab (these years). 他们(这几年)一直在建造一幢新的实验室。(无论用时间状语还是不用时间状语，都表示动作

的延续)

Step IV Practice （Using Structures in Workbook）

Step V Homework

Ask the students finish Exercise in Word Study Part.