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Unit 3 Inventors and inventions学案Learning about Language 1._______ adj. 冰冻的;严寒的→freeze vt. & vi. 冻结;凝固→freezer n. 冰箱;冷冻器;冷冻机2._______ n. 鉴定;辨认;确定;身份证明
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Unit 3 Inventors and inventions学案
Learning about Language
1._______ adj. 冰冻的;严寒的→freeze vt. & vi. 冻结;凝固→freezer n. 冰
箱;冷冻器;冷冻机
2._______ n. 鉴定;辨认;确定;身份证明→identify vt. 确认;鉴定
3.________adj. 清白的;无罪的;天真的→innocence n. 清白;无罪;无知
4.________ vt. 忍受;忍耐;负担→bearable adj. 忍得住的;可忍受的
5.________ n. (水或气)流;电流
adj. 现在的;当前的→currently adv. 现
重点
在;目前→currency n. 通货;货币;通用;流行
单词
6._________adj. 稳固的;稳定的;安定的→stabilize vt. 使稳定;使稳固
→stability n. 稳定;安定;稳定性
7.________vt. 联想;联系
n. 同伴;伙伴→association n. 联盟;联想
→associated adj. 有关联的;相关的
8._________adj. 实际的;实践的;实用的→practically adv. 实际上;事实
上→practice vt. & vi. & n. 实践;练习
1._________ 不挂断;稍等;紧紧握住
2._________ 次序颠倒;发生故障
3._________
设法联系上(尤指打通电话);
(设法)做完;通过
4._________
回复电话
5._________
挂断电话
重要
6._________
迅速把手伸入;一心投入
短语
7.set out(to do)
_________ 8.beaten track
___________ 9._________ associate...with... 10.__________ dynamic spirits 11.__________ be fully aware of
12.__________ experiment with 1.Every time you do you will be certain to find something that you have never
seen before.
当你这么做的时候,你一定会发现你从未见过的东西。
关键2.Follow it up, explore all around it, and before you know it, you will have
句型
something worth thinking about to occupy your mind.
跟踪下去,不断探索,不知不觉中,你就会发现某种值得你思考的东西占据着你的头脑。
【答案】
重点单词
1. freezing
6. stable
重要单词
2. identification 7. associate
3. innocent 8. practical 4. bear
5. current
之单词篇
1. identification n.鉴定;辨认;确定;身份证明
☞Jewellery identification is a hard job.
珠宝鉴定不是一件容易的工作。
☞He used a letter of introduction as identification.
他用一封介绍信作为身份的证明。
【知识拓展】
identification card 身份证
identify vt.认出;识别;表明;发现vi.一致,变成一致
identify with sb.与……产生共鸣
identify sb./sth.as sb./sth.认定,认为……等同于……
identical adj.同一的;一模一样的
☞I identified my lost bike.我认出了我那辆丢了的自行车。
☞Never identify wealth with happiness.千万不要把财富和幸福等同起来。
☞We have identical views on these problems.
在这些问题上我们有完全一致的看法。
【跟踪典例】
完成句子
①鉴定坠机意外伤亡者的工作费时且困难重重。
________ ________ of the crash victims was a long and difficult task.
②人们排成一行等待确认身份。
A line of people is formed for ________.
③我识别不出这是谁的签字。
I can’t ________ this signature.
④她与外籍教师打成一片。
She ________ ________ ________ foreign teachers.
⑤她在两个场合穿戴同一套衣服。
She wore ______ ______ ________ on both occasions.
2. bear v.忍受;忍耐;负担
bear/stand/tolerate doing sth.忍受做某事
bear sb.to do sth.忍受某人做某事
☞The ice is too thin to bear your weight.
冰太薄,承受不住你的重量。
☞I can’t bear being kept waiting.我无法忍受长时间的等候。
☞Bearing a heavy burden,she has to work hard to bring up her children.
肩负重担,她必须努力工作抚养孩子。
☞Her late works doesn’t bear comparision with her earlier novels.
她后期的作品比不上她早期的小说。
☞She bore the responsibility for most of the changes.她对大多数变革负责。
【图解记忆】
【知识
【跟踪典例】
完成句子
①I can’t________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(忍受不了和这样一个人合作).
②I can’t________ ________ ________ ________ (忍受被嘲笑)in public.
③You must________ ________ ________ ________(记住)that your parents hope that you will make a
breakthrough in this field one day.
【答案】
①bear teaming up with such a man
②bear being laughed at/to be laughed at
③bear/keep it in mind
3. current
bear up 忍耐;坚强起来
bear sb./sth.out 证实;为……作证
bear with sb./sth.耐心对待某人或某事;容忍某人或某事
bear sth.in mind 牢记
拓展】
(1)n.(水或气)流;电流
☞Birds use warm air currents to help their flight.
鸟利用暖气流助飞。
(2)n.趋向;思潮;潮流
☞Ministers are worried about this current of antigovernment feeling.
部长们对这股反政府情绪感到担忧。
(3)adj.(通常作定语)现在的;当前的;通用的;流通的
☞In its current state,the car is worth £1,000.
按目前的状况,这辆小汽车值1000英镑。
【知识拓展】
【跟踪典例】
①汉译英
他逆着急流游向岸边。
_________________________________________________
the current year 今年
a strong current 急流
air/electrical current 气流/电流
current fashions/events/prices 时装/时事/现价
They are expecting profits of over $3 million in the current year.
他们期盼着今年有三百多万的利润。
She likes current fashions very much.
她很喜欢时装。
②用恰当词语填空
The________(水流)is the strongest in the middle of the river.
②current
【答案】①He swam to the shore against a strong current.
4. stable adj.稳定的;稳固的;安定的
☞The ladder doesn’t seem very stable.这个梯子好像不太稳。
☞He was clearly not a very stable person.很明显,他不是一个很沉稳的人。
☞This is a politically stable country.这是一个政治上稳定的国家。
【易混辨析】stable/firm/steady
这些形容词都有“稳固的”之意。
(1)stable多指根基牢固,平衡良好,也指性格或位置等的稳定,不可移动或改变。
☞A stable government is essential to economic growth.
稳定的政府对经济增长是重要的。
(2)firm指牢固不可动摇或意志、信仰的坚定。
☞I don’t think the chair is firm enough to stand on.
我觉得这椅子不够稳固,不能站人。
(3)steady指保持平衡不动摇。用于有形物时,指没有根基的稳固,也指动中的稳。
☞The price of fruits remains steady.水果的价格保持稳定。
【跟踪典例】
用恰当词语填空
Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without big changes in temperature,thus creating a ________ environment.
5. associate vt.联想;联系;n.同伴;伙伴
associate sb./sth.with sb./sth.把……和……联系在一起;由……联想到……
be associated with...和……有关
associate with sb.与某人交往或常打交道
☞The first step to making friends is associating with other people.
交朋友的第一步就是要跟他人联系。
☞You must bear in mind that you should never associate with bad companions.
你必须要牢记千万别和坏人交往。
☞He is closely associated in the public mind with horror movies.
在公众的心目中,他总是和恐怖电影紧密联系在一起。
【知识拓展】
associated company 联营公司
association n. 协会;社会;联系;关系;关联
in association with 与……合伙/合作
【跟踪典例】
完成句子
①I've never ________________(把你和这个地方联系在一起).
②We ________________(由礼物联想到圣诞节).
【答案】
①associated you with this place
②associate presents with Christmas
之短语篇
1. dive into (1)迅速把手伸入
☞She dived into her bag and took out a couple of coins.
她立即将手伸进包里拿出几枚硬币。
(2)跳水
☞The boy dived into the river from the bridge.
这男孩子从桥上跳入河中。
☞The man dived into the sea to save the drowning child.
这人跳入海中去救溺水的孩子。
(3)对活动、问题等一心投入,潜心研究
☞He dived into the history of China.他潜心研究中国历史。
☞He dived into the American culture.他潜心研究美国文化。
【知识拓展】
go diving 去潜水
make a dive for sth. 冲过去拿某物
take a dive into the subject埋头该问题中
【跟踪典例】
完成句子
①Professor Smith ________________ a new project.
史密斯教授正在潜心钻研一个新的项目。
②The main purpose of his holiday to Greece is to ________________.
他到希腊度假的主要目的就是去潜水。
【答案】
①is taking a dive into
②go diving 2. hang on不挂断;紧紧握住;稍等
☞The line was engaged and the operator asked if I’d like to hang on.
电话占线了,话务员问我是否愿意等一下(别挂断电话)。
☞It’s hard work but if you hang on you’ll succeed in the end.
这是件困难的工作,但如果你坚持不懈,最后是能成功的。
【知识拓展】
hang on作“别挂断,坚持”讲时等于hold on。
hang back畏缩不前;退缩
hang up挂起;挂断电话
hang about拖延;闲逛
hang out常去某处;泡在某处
get the hang of了解;熟悉
☞Don’t hang back in the face of difficulties.不要因为困难而却步。
☞You hang out with that car more than you hang out with your own son.
你在那辆车上花的时间,比你用在儿子身上的时间还要多。
【跟踪典例】
①She ________ the phone angrily before I could speak.
②________ a minute,I’m just coming.
③I don’t like to see all these youths ________ street corners.
④________ the rope;
don’t let it go.
【答案】
①hung up
3. out of order ②Hang on
③hanging about
④Hang on to
(1)(机器或设备等)发生故障,失灵
☞My watch was out of order.我的手表出故障了。
(2)次序颠倒(紊乱);排列错误
☞I checked the files and some of the papers were out of order.
我检查过案卷,其中有些未按顺序编排。
【知识拓展】
(1)out of order的反义词组:
in order整齐,状况良好,适宜,按顺序
(2)类似的短语有:
☞I’ll see that everything is in good order when the guests arrive.
客人来时我会把一切都料理得井井有条的。
☞His idea is really out of date.他的想法太过时了。
☞I’m out of touch with most of the friends of my school days.
我和大部分学生时代的朋友们都失去联系了。
out of breath上气不接下气
out of control失去控制
out of danger脱离危险
out of date过时的,过期的
out of place不合适的(不相称的,不适合的) out of question毫无疑问,一定,当然
out of reach够不着
out of sight看不见,在视野之外
out of touch失去联系
out of work失业
【跟踪典例】
①狂风暴雨使交通运输秩序太乱。
The violent storm made the transportation system ______ ________ ________.
②经过抢救,病人终于脱险。
The patient was finally ________ ________ ________ after the emergency treatment.
③那男孩爬上树,但仍够不到树上的苹果。
The boy climbed the tree,but the apples were still ________ ________ ________ ________.
【答案】
①out of order
②out of danger
③out of his reach 4. get through设法联系上(尤指打电话);(设法)做完;通过(考试);成功
☞I tried several times,but couldn’t get through.
我打了好几次电话,但都没打通。
☞We were very glad when we heard that you had got through your exam.
听说你考试及格了,我们都很高兴。
☞The government managed to get the new law through.政府终于通过了新的法案。
☞These children got through with their homework at school.
这些孩子在学校就把家庭作业完成了。
【知识拓展】
☞Did your speech get across to the audience?
你的演说听众都懂了吗?
☞It is time that they got down to doing their work.
是他们该开始认真干活的时候了。
☞Let’s get rid of this old furniture.咱们把这件旧家具扔掉吧。
get across被理解,被传达;把……讲清楚
get away with干了(坏事)而不受处罚
get down to开始认真做……(to为介词) get over克服
get rid of摆脱;除去
【跟踪典例】
(1)用适当的介副词填空
①Once you want to do something,you must get down ________ doing it well.
②Your meaning didn’t really get ________.
③He decided to get rid ______ his bad habit himself.
④I rang you several times but couldn’t get ________.
(2)用get短语填空
I tried phoning her office,but I couldn’t________ ________.
5.ring sb.back 回复电话
☞You can ring him back if you are free.
如果你有空的话给他回个电话。
☞I didn’t get through just now but soon he rang back.
刚才我没接通(电话),但很快他就打了回来。
【知识拓展】
ring off挂断
ring out发出响亮而清晰的声音
ring sb.up给某人打电话
ring round给各处打电话
☞I’ll ring you up tonight.今晚我要给你打电话。
☞A pistol shot rang out.发令枪响了。
【跟踪典例】
①I will________ ________(回复电话)as soon as I find something wrong.
②John rang you;he wanted you to________ him ________(给……回电话).
③I’ll have to________ ________(挂断电话)now.I have a train to catch.
④Can you________ ________(别挂断)?I’ll try to find her.
【答案】
①ring back
②ring;back
③ring off/hang up
④hold on/hang on 之句式篇
1. However,she suggested that I should produce a perfume from my new lily.
然而,她建议我应该从我的新百合花中生产香水。
本句中含有虚拟语气,suggest(建议),recommend(建议),order(命令),demand(要求)等动词后接宾语从句时,从句要用虚拟语气,即从句谓语形式为“should+动词原形”,should常可省略。
☞I suggest that he (should) apply for the job.
我建议他申请这份工作。
☞He demanded that he (should) be told everything.他要求将一切都告诉他。
注意:suggest作“表明,暗示”讲时,其后的从句要用陈述语气。
☞His red face suggested he was lying.
他脸红了,这说明他在撒谎。
【名师点津】
【跟踪典例】
用恰当形式填空
①The teacher suggested that everyone ________ (go)there by bike.
②The fact that so many people still smoke in public places ________(suggest)that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking.
英语中一些表示“命令,建议,要求”的动词所跟的从句需要用
虚拟语气。如:insist,demand,suggest,propose,order,arrange,
command,require,request,desire等动词引导宾语从句时,
从句的谓语动词用(should+)动词原形。
记住这些动词的小窍门:
i—insist,d—demand,r—request/require/recommend,o—order,
p—propose,c—command,a—advise,s—suggest
2. Every time you do you will be certain to find something that you have never seen before.
每次你这样做的时候,你一定会发现你从未见过的东西。
本句是一个主从复合句,其中every time在此句中引导时间状语从句;that引导定语从句,先行词为something。
【知识拓展】
every time,each time,next time,immediately,
the moment,the minute等可用从属连词,引导时间状语从句。
☞The moment I got off the train,I saw my father.
我一下火车就看到了我的父亲。
☞Every time he comes here,he asks me for money.
每次来,他都向我要钱。
☞Immediately he turned up at the airport,he was surrounded
by the reporters.
他一出现在机场,就被记者包围了。
【跟踪典例】
①我一看见她就把她认出来了。
I recognized her ________ I saw her.
②每次我看见她,她都是一幅幸福的样子。
________ ________ I see her,she looks happy.
【答案】
①immediately/instantly/directly ②Every time 3. Follow it up,explore all around it,and before you know it,you will have something worth
thinking about
to occupy your mind.
跟踪下去,不断探索,不知不觉中,你就会发现某种值得思考的东西盘踞在你的头脑。
本句中含有重要结构:“祈使句+and+(表结果的)简单句”,祈使句表示“条件”,简单句表示“结果”,通常使用一般将来时。句型“祈使句+and+(表结果的)简单句”的意义为“干某事,那么就会……”;“祈使句+or/or else/otherwise+(表结果的)简单句”的意义为“干某事,否则就会……”,连词or可用
or else/otherwise替代。
☞Work hard and(=If you work hard)you will pass your examinations.
你若用功,考试就能及格。
☞Arrive late once more and (=If you arrive late once more) you’re fired.
你再迟到一次,就把你开除。
☞Turn the heat down or your cake will burn.
把热度调低吧,要不蛋糕就要糊了。
☞Run or else you’ll be late.快跑,不然你要迟到了。
☞Put the cap back on the bottle,otherwise the juice will spill.
把瓶盖儿盖好,要不汁液就洒出来了。
【跟踪典例】
You have to move out of the way ________ the truck cannot get past you.
4. One day as he was experimenting with one end of a straw joined to a deaf man’s ear drum and the other to
a piece of smoked glass,Bell noticed that when he spoke into the ear,the straw drew sound waves on the
glass.
有一天做实验,他把一根干草的一端和一个聋子的耳鼓膜连接起来,干草的另一端与一块被烟熏过的玻璃相连接。贝尔发现,当他对着耳朵说话的时候,这根干草就把声波画在玻璃上。
本句的主语是Bell,谓语是noticed,that引导了一个宾语从句,在这个宾语从句中又有一个由when引导的时间状语从句;as引导一个时间状语从句,过去分词短语joined to a deaf man’s ear drum作后置定语,修饰straw;the other to a piece of smoked glass是个省略句,可补充为the other end of the straw joined to a piece of smoked glass。
【知识拓展】
并列句中的省略常有以下几种情况:
(1)如果主语不同,而谓语动词中的一部分相同,则省略谓语动词中相同的那部分。
☞John must have been playing football and Mary (must have been) doing her homework.
约翰一定在踢球,而玛丽一定在做作业。
(2)主语相同,谓语动词也相同,则二者都可以省略。
☞His suggestions made John happy,but (his suggestions made) Mary angry.
他的建议使约翰高兴,却使玛丽很生气。
(3)主语相同,而谓语不同,则可以省略主语。
☞Old McDonald gave up smoking for a while,but (he) soon returned to his old ways.
老迈克唐纳戒了一阵子烟,可很快又抽上了。
(3)在并列复合句中,如果that从句从属于第二个并列句且它的谓语动词和宾语
等其他一些成分与第一个并列句相同时,这个that从句通常可以省略这些相同的部分。
☞Jack will sing at the party,but I know John won’t (sing at the party).
杰克将在晚会上唱歌,但我知道约翰不会在晚会上唱歌。
【跟踪典例】
用恰当词语或形式填空
①The police still haven’t found the lost child,but they’re doing all they ________.
②It is worth considering what makes “convenience” foods so popular,and ________ (introduce)better ones of your own.
②introducing
句意:什么东西使得“方便”食品如此流行值得考虑,引进你自己的更好的(方
便食品)也值得考虑。introducing better ones of your own是“It is worth considering introducing better ones of your own” 的省略形式。
5. But he found the problem difficult to solve.但是他发现这个问题很难解决。
find+n.(宾语)+adj.(宾补)+to do(to do作状语修饰adj.)是find+it+adj.(宾补)+to do sth.(it是形式宾语,to do sth.是真正的宾语)的变式
注意:“to do”形式中当“do”为不及物动词时,应在后面加上适当的介词。并且动词不定式使用一般式。
☞The man found the river dangerous to swim in.=The man found it dangerous to swim in
这个人发现在这条河里游泳很危险。
the river.
【知识拓展】
【跟踪典例】
用恰当形式填空
①I found him easy ________(get along).
②I like getting up very early in summer.The morning air is so good________(breathe).
③They found the lecture hard________(understand);
they all felt sleepy.
【答案】
find后的宾语可以是名词或代词,而补语则可由许多成分充当:
(1)find+宾语+形容词/副词/介词短语。如:
☞I seldom found him out.我很少发现他外出。
☞When I woke up I found myself in a hospital.
当我醒来时,我发现自己在医院里。
(2)find+宾语+现在分词。如:
☞They found the lost boy hiding in the cave.
他们发现那个失踪的男孩藏在洞里。
(3)find+宾语+过去分词。如:
☞We found the place outside greatly changed.我们发现外面全变了。
(4)find+宾语+名词。如:
☞I find him an easy man to work with.我觉得他是个容易共事的人。
①to get along with
句意:我发现他很容易相处。本题属于find+n.(宾语)+adj.(宾补)+to do结构,在此结构中要求to do使用一般式,并且当do为不及物动词时,应加上适当的介词。
②to breathe
句意:在夏季,我喜欢早起。呼吸早晨的空气有益于身心。本句还可以转换为:It is so good(for us)to breathe the morning air.不定式(短语)修饰作表语或补足语的形容词时,通常采用主动形式表示被动含义。
③to understand
句意:他们发现这个讲座很难懂,所以他们都有恹恹欲睡的感觉。不定式修饰作表语或补足语的形容词时,如果和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系,不定式通常采用主动形式表示被动含义。
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5ygggwenku_151713
来自:学校:凌源市实验高级中学
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