Learning about Language教学设计第一课时

Unit 5

learning about the language

Objective: 掌握现在完成进行时的用法

采用归纳法，尽可能多的呈现一些相关图片和例句，或者让学生从已学课文中找相应例句，引导学生从所观察到的语言现象中总结出语言规则和语法规律

Look at the pictures

and make sentences according to the time given. The baby has been sleeping for one hour They have been playing basketball all the time. The boy has been reading a book for almost two hours.

They have been playing games in the school for almost an hour. The young boy has been watching TV for almost two hours. The telephone has been ringing for almost a minute.

You are here! I have been looking for you everywhere 现在完成进行时: 基本用法

1) 强调动作的延续性。如：

The telephone has been ringing for

almost a minute. Why hasn’t anyone answered it?

电话响了差不多一分钟, 为什么没人接? 2) 表重复。叙述从过去某时到现在或最近一直重复的动作。如：

The weather has been changeable lately; I’ve been having a lot of

colds.

最近天气变化无常, 我时常感冒。

3) 有感情色彩。如：

Too much has been happening today.

今天真是一个多事之日

现在完成进行时和现在完成时的比较:

A. 未完结性

I’ve cleaned the windows.

我把窗户擦干净了。

I’ve been cleaning the windows.

我擦窗户来着。(可能窗户尚未擦完) B. 短暂性

现在完成时与现在完成进行时都可以表示延续至今的状态, 但完成进行时常表示短暂性。

A. They have lived in New York.

B. They have been living in New

York.

句A具有长期性, 而句B具有短暂性。

C. 刚完结性

与现在完成时相比, 现在完成进行时有时可以表示刚刚完结的动作。有时它是现在事件的直接原因, 或者是得出结论的证据。如:

My hands are dirty. I’ve been painting

the car.

我的手很脏, 我在油汽车来着。

Your eyes are red and puffy. Have you

been crying?

你的眼睛又红又肿, 你是不是哭来着？

D. 连续性或重复性

现在完成进行时常常用于表示延续至今的连续性或重复性动作。如：

She has been playing tennis since she was eight.

All these days he has been writing articles to our magazine

结论: 现在完成进行时主要用于表示

A. 过去开始而且现在仍在进行的动作;

B. 过去开始, 现在刚刚停止的动作;

C. 现在看到其直接结果的动作。

现在完成时主要用于表示已经完成的动作及其与现在的关系。

1. —— Hi, Tracy, you look tired.

—— I'm tired. I ___ in the living room

all day.

A. painted

B. had painted

C. have been painting

D. have painted

2. — There is so much snow these days,

isn't there?

— Yes, it ____ for a few days.

A. was snowing

B. has been snowing

C. had been snowing

D. snowed 3. Although these scientists ____ on the

project for nearly four years, I don't

know how long it will last.

A. have been working

B. had worked

C. were working

D. are working 4. Now that she is out of job, Lucy _____

going back to school, but she hasn't

decided yet.

A. had considered

B. has been considering

C. considered

D. is going to consider 5. The little boy is dirty from head to

foot because he ______ in the mud all

morning.

A. has played

B. is playing

C. has been playing

D. was playing