Grammar and usage(2): Verbs often used in the passive voiceppt配套的教学设计方案

Module 4 unit 3 Learning Sheets for Passive Voice

【学习目标】

1. Learn the passive voice. 2. Learn how to use the passive voice 3. Improve our abilities of group cooperation. 【课前预习】

英语有两种语态: 主动语态和___________. 一

定义：主动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的执行者，而_________表示主语是谓语动词动作的承受者。

二

被动结构：be + 过去分词

时态

一般现在时

一般过去时

一般将来时

现在进行时

过去进行时

过去将来时

现在完成时

过去完成时

情态动词

结构=be + 过去分词

am(is/are)+过分

was(were) +过分

will + be+ 过分

动词do为例，写出其被动语态结构

am/is/are done _____________ _______________ am(is/are )+being +过分

_______________ was(were)+ being +过分

_______________ would + be+过分

have/has + been +过分

had + been +过分

_______________ ________________ ________________ 情态动词can+be +过分

_________________ 【课内探究一】：被动语态结构=be + 过去分词

一

用被动语态结构完成下列句子。

1 Sports _____ _______(like) by the children. 2 My work ___ ______ _____ ( do) by me now 3 The work ____ _____ __________ (finish) by them already. 4 China _____ ___________( found) in 1949. 5 The gift____ ___ _______(send) to me tomorrow. 6 Homework _____ _____ ________( must hand) in at once. 二

选择填空

7 The People's Republic of China ___ on October 1, 1949. A. found

B. was founded

C. is founded

D. was found 8 English ____ in Canada. A. speaks

B. are spoken

C. is speaking

D. is spoken 9 This English song___ by the girls after class. A. often sings

B. often sang

C. is often sang

D. is often sung 10 This kind of car ___ in Japan. A, makes

B. made

C. is making

D. is made

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【课内探究二】：主动语态变被动语态方法：

一

方法：

I

like

English. (主动语态，) 主语

谓语

宾语

English

is liked

by me.

(被动语态) 主语

谓语

宾语

二

把下列句子改成被动语态

1 we

watch

T V every day.

主

谓

宾

TV

____ _________ by ____ every day. 2 He played football yesterday. 被动语态_________ ____ _______ by ____ yesterday. 3 I am doing my homework now 被动语态My ___________ ____ ______ _______ by ___ now 4 She will look after her child tomorrow. 被动语态

Her child _____ _____ ____ ______ by_____ tomorrow. 5 We can play computer games. Computer games _____ ____ ______ by _____. (被动语态) 6 The boss made me work hard last night. I _____ _____ ____ work hard last night.

(被动语态) 总结：hear/see/watch/have/make/let sb do sth

句型中，主动语态的中

不定式to省略

，但变为被动语态时，须加上_____ 。 ⑴

We see her ______ computer games every day. (主动语态) ⑵

She was seen ____ computer games by us.(被动语态)

A to play

B play

C played 7 He

sent

me

a birthday gift yesterday

主

谓

间宾

直宾

I ____ _____ a birthday gift by him yesterday.

(被动语态) A birthday gift ___ ____ ____ me by him yesterday. (被动语态) 总结：give/lend/send/tell/show sb sth 句型中，带有两个宾语，指人的叫间宾，指物的叫直宾，变被动语态时，有两种方法。

⑶

The school offered _____ the books

④

The books were offered _____ by the school.

A them

B to them 【课内探究三】使用被动语态应注意的几个问题：

第二部分：被动语态用法：

二）．情态动词的被动语态

情态动词被动语态的结构为：

一般式：情态动词（can,could,may,might,must,should,need等）+ be+过去分词.

2

完成式：情态动词（can,could,may,might,must,should,need等）+ have+ been+过去分词。例如：1）You

needn’t mention his plan in your speech.-----

His plan needn’t be mentioned in your speech.

2）You might have completed your task ahead of time.----Your task might have been completed ahead of time. 三．被动语态的特殊情况：

1.

含有动词短语的主动句变为被动句时，不要漏掉其后的介词或副词。例如：

1）

We must take good care of the children.------- The children must be taken good care of. 2.

被动语态常在不知道动作的执行者或者是要强调动作的承受者时才用。助动词be有时可被系动词get替换，即“get+过去分词”，也可表示被动概念。例如：

1）

You are wanted on the phone. 3.

固定结构be going to,used to,have to,had better等在变为被动句时，只需将其后的动词变为被动形式即可。例如：

The little boy used to send newspapers here.-------Newspapers used to be sent here by the little boy. 4.“宾语+补语”又叫复合宾语，变被动语态时，只讲宾语变为被动句的主语，补语位置保持不动，但是其变为主语补足语了。例如; Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette in the toilet.------The boy was caught smoking a cigarette in the toilet. 5．主动语态表示被动意义的词

（1）感官动词和系动词如：look smell feel prove wear sound taste

The cloth feels very soft , I like it very much （2）某些行为动词也可表示被动意义。常见的有：wash write sell read open shut keep prove。

尤其是句中有副词

well, easily时。

The kind of computer____ well.

A sells

B is sold

C are sold (3) want, need ,require,take,worth等词的后面可以用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。例如：

1.She bought me a book,which is worth reading. 2.All the windows in the meeting room need washing.

(4).某些作表语的形容词后，用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。例如：

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1.She told me that the fish was not fit to eat.

2.He is the one who is hard to please. 6.Won't或wouldn't表示“不愿”时，后面的动词常用主动形式表示被动意义。如：

The door won't open.

这门就是打不开。

This box wouldn't move.

这个盒子就是移不动。

7.不及物动词或其构成的一些短语动词不能用于被动语态。例如：appear,rise,happen,lie,arrive,exist, die，last，disappear，belong to,take place,set sail for,consist of等都属于此类动词或短语。例如：

What ______ in 100 years.

A will happen

B will be happened

8．表示状态的动词不能用于被动语态。英语中有些动词表示某种状态或情况，这类动词不能用于被动语态。常见的有：fit,mean,have,hold,cost,contain,become,last,fail等。例如：

I ____ many story books.

A am had

B have

C has 9．It +动词的被动式+ …

固定句型中。

It is said that…

据说, It is reported that…据报道，

It is believed that…大家相信，It is hoped that…大家希望，

It is well known that…众所周知，，

It is suggested that…据建议。

It_____ that everything goes well.

A hopes

B hope

C is hoped

【巩固提高】

一

把下列句子改成被动语态：

1 We are doing our homework now. 被动语态_______________________ 2 They have finished the work already. 被动语态_______________________ 3 They will visit the school next week. 被动语态_______________________ 4 He may help me with my English. 被动语态_______________________ 5 My father tells me stories every night..

被动语态_______________________ 被动语态_______________________ 二用动词的被动语态填空

7. Vegetables, eggs and fruits ______ _______(sell) in this shop every day . 8. That play _____ _____ ______ ( show) again sometime next month. 9. The old man is ill. He ______ ______ _______(must send) to the hospital. 10 Some flowers ______ ______ _________(water) by Li Ming already.

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11. The cinema _____ ________ _________( build) now. 12 . A piano concert _______ ________(give) here last Friday. A piano concert ______ ________ ________(not give) here last Friday. _____ a Piano concert ______(give) here last Friday? 13 _______ the books _____ ______( can take) out of the library? 三

选择填空

14. This school has a long history. It ______ 100 years ago. A. builds

B. built

C. was built

D. has built 15. “Thanks” should _________ after we get help. A. be saying

B. be said

C. say

D. said 16. The Olympic Games ______every four years. A. are held

B. were held

C. are holding

D. will hold 17. we _____ the classroom every day. A. cleans

B. is cleaned

C. clean

D. be cleaned

18. Uncle Wang ____________(live) here since 1980

A has lived

B has been lived

C lived

D was lived 19. Listen! Someone _________(sing).

A is being sung

B is singing

C sings

D was sung

20.—Do you know who invented the telephone ? —Sorry, I don't know, but I know it ________in 1876. A. invented

B. was invented

C. invents

D. inventing 21 The boss made us_____ hard in the past A worked

B to work

C work

D works. 22 She was seen ____ in the street several days ago. A to play

B play

C played

D plays 23 The dinosaurs

________ out millions years ago. A was died

B were died

C died

D dies 24The new car

______ to me

A belong

B is belonged

C belongs

D belonging 25 The coat _____easily.

A is washed

B washes

C are washed

D is washing 26 The food was given _____ by the shop.

A them

B to them

C for them

D with them 27 The kind of TV sets____ well.

A sells

B is sold

C sell

D are being sold 28

It _____ that everything goes well.

A say

B says

C is said

D is saying

29 _____ a new library _____ in our school last year?

A. Is; built

B. Was; built

C. Does; build

D. Did; build

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30. An accident ____ on this road last week.

A. has been happened

B. was happened

C. is happened

D. happened 语法专项练习

1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year?

A. Is; built B. Was; built

C. Does; build

D. Did; build 2.An accident ____ on this road last week.

A. has been happened B. was happened

3.Cotton ____ in the southeast of China.

A. is grown

B. are grown

C. grows

D. grow C. is happened D. happened 4.So far, the moon ____ by man already.

A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited 5.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week.

A. is given

B. has been given

C. will be given D. gives 6.A lot of things ____ by people to save the little girl now.

A. are doing B. are being done

7.The doctor _____ for yet.

A. isn't sent B. hasn't been sent C. won't be sent D. wasn't sent C. has been done

D. will be done 8.--When ___ this kind of computers______?

--Last year.

A. did; use

B. was; used C. is; used

D. are; used 9.Who _____ this book _____?

A. did; written B. was; written by C. did; written D. was; written 10.Mary ____ show me her new dictionary.

A. has asked to B. was asked to C. is asked

11.A story _____ by Granny yesterday.

A. was told us B. was told to us C. is told us

D. told us D. asks to 12.The monkey was seen _____ off the tree.

A. jump

B. jumps

C. jumped

D. to jump 13.Older people ____ well.

A. looks after

B. must be looked after

C. must look after

D. looked after 14.Our teacher ______ carefully.

6

A. should be listened to

B. should be listen

C. be listened 15. In some part of the world, tea _______ with milk and sugar. A. is serving

B. is served

C. serves

D. is listened D. served 16. It was reported that the murderer _______ arrested. A. has been

B. had been

C. has

D. had 17. Do you think that the bridge ______ in a year? A. would be completed C. had been completed

B. will be completed

D. is being completed 18. Great changes ____ in China since the People’s Republic of China _____ in 1949. A. have taken place; was founded

C. have been taken place; founded

B. has taken place; was founded D. took place; founded 19.—Why does Ling Ling look so unhappy?

—She has _______ by her classmates. A. laughed

B. laughed at

C. been laughed

D. been laughed at 20. Doctors _______ in every part of the world. A. need

B. are needing

C. are needed

D. will need 21. I promise that matter will _______. A. be taken care

B. be taken care of

C. take care

D. take care of

22. No permission has ________ for anybody to enter the building. A. been given

B. given

C. to give

D. be given 23. I _______ ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. A. gave

B. was given

C. was giving

D. had given 24. Can such a thing _____ happening again? A. prevent from

B. prevented from C. be prevented from D. to prevent from 25. A new house ________ at the corner of the road. A. is building

B. is being built C. been built

D. be building 26. This bike ________ last year. A. bought

B. has been bought C. was bought

D. had been bought 27. Did you see the house that _______ by fire last year?

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A. was destroying

B. destroyed C. would destroy D. was destroyed 28. It _______ whether she will get her work in the hospital. A. hasn’t been decided

B. isn’t deciding

C. doesn’t decide

29. The pen _______ me. It is hers. A. isn’t belong to

B. wasn’t belong to

D. didn’t belong to

D. hasn’t decided

C. doesn’t belong to

30. I can’t use my bike because it _______.

A. is repairing B. is being repaired C. will repair

D. was repairing 31. The chairman told the speaker that she ______ to speak a little louder so as to make herself _____. A. was expected; heard C had hoped; hear

B. had expected; hear D. was hoped; heard 32．— The window is dirty. —

I know. It _____ for weeks. （2004全国03）

A. hasn’t cleaned

B. didn’t clean

C. wasn’t cleaned

D. hasn’t been cleaned

33. By the end of last year, another new gymnasium _______ in Beijing.

A. would be completed

B. was being completed

C. has been completed

D. had been completed

34.—How long _______ at this job? —Since 1990.

(NMET 2003北京春季, 27) A. were you employed

B. have you been employed

C. had you been employed

D. will you be employed 35.—What happened to the priceless works of art? —_______.

(NMET 2003北京春季, 34) A. They were destroyed in the earthquake

B. The earthquake was destroying them C. They destroyed in the earthquake

D. The earthquake destroyed them 36. This is Ted’s photo. We miss him a lot. He _______ trying to save a child in the earthquake. A. killed

B is killed

C. was killed

D. was killing

37. Rainforests

and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the

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earth in the near future. (2002 上海春季, 30) A. cut

B. are cut

C. are being cut

D. had been cut 38. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology _______ so rapidly. A. is changing B. has changed

C. will have changed

D. will change

39. Hundreds of jobs _______ if the factory closes.

(NMET 2001北京春季, 12) A. lose

B. will be lost

C. are lost

D. will lose 40. A new cinema _______ here. They hope to finish it next month. A. will be built

B. is built

C. has been built

D .is being built

41.With the help of high technology,more and more new substances_______in the past years. A.discovered B.have discovered

C.had been discovered

D.have been discovered 42.I got caught in the rain and my suit_______.

A.has ruined

B.had ruined ac.has been ruined D.had been ruined 43.At the end of the meeting,it was announced that an agreement________. A.has been reached

B.had been reached

C.has reached

D.had reached 44.The wet weather will continue tomorrow,when a cold front______to arrive. A.is expected B.is expecting C.expects D.will be expected 45.---Do you have any problems if you______this job?

----Well,I’m thinking about the salary…

A.

offer

B.will offer

C.are offered

D.will be offered

46.---Have you handed in your schoolwork yet?

---Yes,I have.I guess it______now. A.

has graded

B.is graded

C.is being grsded

D.is grading 47.---What’s that noise?

---Oh,I forgot to tell you.The new machine_____. A.was tested

B.will be tested

C.is being tested

D.has been tested

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