Grammar教学目标

Presentation of the Teaching Design 四川省广元中学：肖红荣

---the Grammar

Present perfect tense

与Past simple tense的区别

I.

Teaching Aims II.

Design Thinking III.

Usage and Application Teaching Aims Ⅰ.To help students understand and use Present perfect tense 与Past simple tense Ⅱ. Students will be able to apply Present perfect tense 与Past simple tense

Design Thinking I

Lead-in Can you analyze the tenses ? There are two sentences , tell me the differences 1. I have bought a computer. 2. I bought a computer

. ⅡPresentation 一、

相同点：

现在完成时和一般过去时所表示的动作都发生在过去。

I have seen the film. 我看过这部电影。

I saw the film three days ago.

三天前我看了这部电影。

二、

不同点：

1. 侧重点不同

一般过去时:表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态，强调动作。

现在完成时: 发

生在过去，但强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调影响。

Mr Green has bought a new computer.

格林先生买了一台新电脑。(强调的是格林先生现在有了一台新电脑)

Mr Green bought a new computer yesterday.

格林先生昨天买了一台新电脑。(强调的是格林先生买新电脑的时间是昨天) 2. 时间状语不同

一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。

一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday, last week，时间段+ago, in1980, in October, just now

this morning等，皆为具体的时间状语。 现在完成时的时间状语：

for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years,

already,

recently,

lately 等，皆不确定的时间状语。

Ⅲ

Usage & Application

Present perfect tense和past simple tense的选用原则: 1.句子中含有for或since等引导的短语或句子时，谓语只能用延续性动词。

(错）She got married for 10 years.

（对）She has been married for 10 years

2

句子中如有过去时的时间状语（如yesterday, last week, in 1960等）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用一般过去时。

（错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.

3 . since 从句中谓语动词多用一般过去时，而主句谓语动词用现在完成时；如果主句单纯表示一段时间，可用一般现在时代替现在完成时。

eg, 自从第一次见面以来，我们一直是朋友。

We have been friends since we first met. 从我们上次见面到现在已有六年了。

It is six years since we last saw each other. 4. 在时间或条件状语从句中，

须用现在完成时代替将来完成时。

eg, 等雨停了之后，我领你去看看我们的花园。

I will show you our garden when the rain has stopped

5. 在含有序数词及形容词最高级的句型中一般用现在完成时。

这是我读过的最有趣的书。

This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. Ⅳ

practice 1. -I have seen the film “Titanic”already.

-When __________ you __________ it?

-The day before yesterday.

A. have; seen

B. will; see

C. did; see

D. did; seen 2. Mr Black __________ in China since five years ago.

A. lived

B. has lived

C. lives

D. is going to live

3. We ____________ trees last Sunday.

So far we __________ over 3，000 trees there.

A. planted; planted

B. planted; have planted

C. have planted; planted

D. have planted; have planted

Ⅴ.Conclusion Past simple tense一般过去时态

:叙述过去的事情

,强调过去的动作

Present perfect tense现在完成时态

:强调过去的事情

对现在的影响