Grammar教学目标

时态复习教学设计

动词的时态和语态(一) ［自主复习检测］

1.He often ________

(take) a walk after supper in the park. 2.I

______

(be not) at home last night. 3.We __________

(go) shopping tomorrow.

would you like to go with us?

［课堂学习优化］

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1.一般现在时;一般过去时；现在进行时；过去进行时；一般将来时；过去将来时；现在完成时；过去完成时的用法

Tenses

Basic usages 一般现在时

现在的状态，经常性动作，客观真理

一般过去时

过去的状态或过去的动作

现在进行时

说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作

过去进行时

过去某一点时间或某段时间正在发生的动作

一般将来时

从现在的角度看将要发生的动作或存在的状态

过去将来时

从过去的角度看将要发生的动作或存在的状态, 常用于主句过去时的宾语从句中

现在完成时

过去动作对现在的影响，截止到现在的段时间里所发生的情况或存在的状态

过去完成时

过去的过去

将来进行时

将来的点时间正在做的事

考点一：一般现在时的构成：1.一般现在时主要由动词的原形表示，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语一般由动词原形后加-s或-es 构成。变化规则如下：

动词三单形式的变化规则：

1.(1)多数直接在动词词尾加-s.

play - plays like - likes ask---asks work---works get---gets call---calls

(2)以字母s, x, ch, sh或o结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-es.

watch---watches wish---wishes do---does go---goes

(3)以"辅音字母加

- y"结尾的动词，要先变y为i再加-es.

try---tries study---studies cry---cries fly---flies 2.不规则变化：be---- is have----has.

一般现在时的肯定，否定，一般疑问句，特殊疑问句的构成方法：动词分为两种类型；1.主语+be动词+形容词、副词、介词短语等

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2.

主语+实义动词

在肯定句中；当主语是第三人称单数时，实义动词词尾变形

构成否定，疑问句时如果原句中有be动词，助动词或情态动词那么把be动词，助动词或情态动词提前；如果原句中没有be动词，助动词或情态动词那么就在句首加助动词do/does动词一律用原形。

否定句的构成方法：如果有be,助动词，情态动词，就在这些词后面加not ;如果原句中只有实义动词那么就在实义动词前加don’t 或doesn’t 然后动词一律恢复成原形。

考点三：现在进行时的构成

：主语+be+doing be(am/is /are);现在分词的构成方法：

1.词尾直接加ing work ---- working sleep ----- sleepingstudy ----- studying go ---- going play ----- playing know ----- knowing walk------walking eat------eating 2.去e 加ing take ----- taking make ----- making dance ----- dancing write-----writing arrive ----- arriving come ----- coming 3.双写辅音字母加ing cut ----- cutting put ----- putting begin ------ beginning run------running stop ----stopping£¬ prefer---preferring 4 以－ie结尾的动词,把变成y再加－ing

lie ----- lying

tie ----- tying die ----- dying

考点二

一般过去时的构成：主语+was/were; 主语+实义动词的过去式

否定疑问句时使用助动词did 动词过去式的构成：

过去式的变化规则

①

一般情况下，在动词原形后直接加ed。

如：wanted，played。

②

以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接加d。

如：hoped，lived。

③

重读闭音节单词需双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ed。如：stopped, shipped。

④

以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y为i，再加ed。

如：studied，worried。

⑤

有些动词不符合上面的规则，需要特殊记忆。

[典例] We had a test yesterday and I failed it. [以练促记] 1.They_______(be)here only a few minutes ago. 2.I_______(come)home just now. 3.He______(be)late for school again today. 4.Mr. Smith_________(buy)a new car yesterday. 考点三、现在完成时

1、have/ has + done （动作发生在过去对现在造成的

结果或影响）

2、常见的时间状语或句型

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①already,just,ever,never,yet ②有截止到现在的一个段时间如

so far;

up to now; till/until now; since+时间点；since 的主句；for+段时间；in the last/past+时间

③It IS the first time that +现在完成时

3、难点：

①现在完成时中，终止（一次）性

动作的动词不用于For + 多长时间

（或how long )的句型中。如：go,come, begin,start,leave,open,close,buy,take, die等。②现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：现在完成时指动作发生在过去对现在造成

的结果或影响，与现在有关，不与表示过去的时间状语连用；一般过去时表示动作

发生的时间在过去。与现在无关，只能与表示过去的时间状语连用。

如：The plane has arrived . 飞机已经来了。（说明现在的情况：飞机在这儿。）

The plane arrived ten minutes ago. （强调动作发生的时间在过去）

I have taught English for 20 years. (表示20年前教书的动作一直延续到现在，还可能继续。）

I taught English for 30 years . (表示我当时已经不教英语了，教英语只是过去的情况）

练习：

“_________ you __________ (have) lunch ?”

“Yes. ”

“When ________ you __________ (have) it?”

“I ____________ (have) it at 12:00.”

考点四、一般将来时：在现在看来将要发生的动作。

1、will + do 表示临时决定;表不受主观因素影响的必然

2、be + going to do 按计划，安排，打算要做；有迹象表明要发生

3、be to do 表示按计划,安排要做某事；禁止，命令；

-There is a knock on the door. -Oh, I will go to answer it. My brother is 17 now;he will be 18 next

考点五,过去完成时：过去的过去

在过去某时间（或动作）看来已经

完成了的动作

：had + done

常见的句型：

①过去完成时

+ by the time …

②过去完成时

+ by the end of+ 过去的时间

如：we had learned 5000 words by the end of last years.

考点六过去将来时：在过去某时间（或某动作）看来将要发生的动作。

1、would + do

2、was / were + going to do

过去将来时常用于宾语从句中I heard that they would help us .

He said that he was going to play football.

I didn’t know if they would come.

We didn’t

know what they were going to do next Sunday.

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时态句型练习：（小组合作）

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•

•

•

we

play football

everyday Tom

watch TV at home

now his sister

do the housework

just now

•

his father

read

newspapers

•

Kate

walk to school

•

they

listen to the radio

•

his friends

help the old man

Exercises: 一．用所给词的适当形式填空

1. —What are you doing now?

—I

___________

(clean) the windows.

2. — ______you _______ (make) a cake?

—Yes, we are.

3. He isn’t eating dinner. He _____

(lie) in bed. 4. It’s ten o’clock.

The Greens

__________

(work) in the garden. 5. She __________( help) her mother do chores at this time last Saturday 6. They

______________

( not sleep)

when I called her.

二．选择

1. He

____________ the book for two weeks. A.borrowed

B. has borrowed

C. has kept

D. kept 2. Eric _____ English in our school since he ____ to China. A. has taught; comes

B. taught ; came

C. taught; has come

D. has taught; came

3.

My sister _____ this amazing CD for two years.

A. has bought

B. has had

C. bought

D. had 4.

The couple _____ for 20 years. They still love each other deeply.

A. married

B. have been married

C. got married

D. marry

—Yes, we are.

5. —You’d better keep quiet in class.

—Sometimes I ____.Yesterday, I was as quiet as

a mouse during my English class. A. would

B. do

C. did

D. was 6. — Excuse me, I wonder if you can help. I _____ my ID card. — But where did you lose it?

A. have lost

B. lost

C. had lost

D. lose 7. Would you please keep silent? The weather report

_____ and I want to listen.

A. is broadcast

B. is being broadcast

C. has been broadcast

D. had been broadcast 8. Years ago we didn’t know this, but recent science _____ that women who drink more than two cups of coffee every day are more likely to have heart disease than those who don’t.

A. showed

B. has shown

C. will show

D. is showing

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