Learning about LanguagePPT及专用教学设计内容

Module8 Unit5 Meeting your ancestors Learning about language

By Guo Hui

The analysis of the teaching material

This period should focus on the useful words and expressions as well as the usages of the present perfect continuous tense, especially its difference from the present perfect tense. Although it is a new grammar item for the students, it is not so hard for the students to master it. Dealing with the teaching material:

This lesson is based on the analysis of present perfect continuous tense. So the tasks designed mainly ask the students to discover from what they will learn , sum up and output what they have learned. Teaching characteristics 1.

The students’ characteristics

(1).Their basic knowledge is enough.

(2).They have a general idea of present continuous tense but what they need is that they need to learn the grammar focus systematically and scientifically.

(3). They are active to learn the grammar so they would like to show themselves off. 2. The Structure of knowledge

This part of the grammar focus is easy to explain .So the teacher is

confident to lead the students to master it Teaching aims 1. Target language Grammar:. the present perfect continuous tense 2. Ability goals

Enable the students to use the present perfect continuous tense. 3.Moral aim：

Help the students learn how to use the present perfect continuous tense. Teaching important point：

How to use the present perfect continuous tense Teaching difficult point：

How to use the present perfect contiuous tense Teaching Methods:

Explaining and practicing

Teaching Aids:

Normal teaching aids Teaching procedures: Step 1.Revision Check the homework.

(this time, check the answers to the excercises to revise the useful words and expression) Step 2.Lead-in

Ask the students to point out the sentences that contain the structure as in “We have been excavating here for many years...”

Sample sentences: 1. We have been finding the bones of tigers and bears in the caves and we think these were their most dangerous enemies.

2. We have been excavating layers of ash almost six meters thick, which suggests that they might have kept the fire burning all winter. 3. Yes, indeed, as the botanical analyses have been specifically showing us, all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake. T: What is the same structure in these sentences? S: “have/ has been doing...”

T: Yes, in this unit, we will learn “have/has been doing sth.” That is the present perfect continuous tense. Step3. Explanation Present Perfect Continuous [HAS / HAVE] + [BEEN] + [V+ing] Examples: I have been waiting here for two hours. She has only been studying English for two years. Note: When you are using a verb tense with more than one part such as Present Perfect Continuous (has been studying), adverbs often come

between the first part and the second part (has only been studying).

Use 1 Duration from the Past until Now

T: We use the Present Perfect Continuous to show that something started in the past and has continued up until now. “for five minutes”, “for two weeks”, and “since Tuesday” are all durations which can be used with the Present Perfect Continuous. Look at the following examples.

Show the following.

They have been talking

for the last hour. She has been working at that company for three years. James has been teaching at the University since June. Use 2 Recently, Lately

T: You can use the Present Perfect Continuous without a duration such as “for five minutes”, “for two

weeks”, and “since Tuesday”. Without the durations, the tense gives a more general meaning of “lately”. We often use the words “lately” or “recently” in the sentence to strengthen this meaning. Now read these examples.

Show the following.

Recently, I have been feeling really tired. She has been watching too much television lately. Mary has been feeling a little depressed. Important

T: Remember that the Present Perfect Continuous has the meaning of “lately” or “recently.” If the Present

Perfect Continuous is used in a question such as “Have you been feeling alright?”, it suggests that

the person looks sick or unhealthy. A question such as “Have you been smoking?” suggests that you can smell the smoke on the person. Using this tense in a question suggests you can see, smell, hear, or feel the results of the action. It is possible to insult someone by using this tense incorrectly. Important: Non-Continuous Verbs / Mixed Verbs T: It is important to remember that Non-Continuous Verbs cannot be used in any continuous tenses. Also,

certain non-continuous meanings for Mixed Verbs cannot be used in continuous tenses. To express the idea of Present Perfect Continuous with these exception verbs, you must use Present Perfect. Here are some examples.

Show the following.

Sam has been having his car for two years. (Not Correct) Sam has had his car for two years. (Correct) Active / Passive Present Perfect Continuous

Examples: Recently, John has been doing the work. (Active)

Recently, work has been being done by John. (Passive) Note: Present Perfect Continuous is rarely used in its passive form.

Step 4.Consolidation Show these exercises on the screen. 1. Hi, Tracy, you look tired. I’m tired. I ____ in the living room all day. A. painted

B. had painted D. have painted C. have been painting 2. There is so much snow these days, isn’t there?

Yes, it ____ for a few days. A. was snowing

B. has been snowing C. had been snowing D. snowed 3. Although these scientists ____ on the project for nearly four years, I don’t know how long it will last.

A. have been working B. had worked C. were working

D. are working 4. Now that she is out of job, Lucy ____ going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.

A. had considered

B. has been considering

C. considered

D. is going to consider

5. The little boy is dirty from head to foot because he ____in the mud all morning. A. has played

B.

is playing C. has been playing D. was playing Key: 1. C

2. B

3. A

4. B

5.C Step5. Practice Ask the students to work in pairs, and

take turns to read the statement and turn it into a question using the present perfect continuous tense.

1. S1: Sam has just finished learning to fly an airplane on six-month course. (How long)

S2: How long have you been learning to fly an airplane, Sam? 2. S1: He swam till he felt very tired.

He has just stepped out of the swimming pool.(How along)

S2: How long has he been swimming in the swimming pool? 3. S1: Sally and Zhou Xin have been busy all day.

(What)

S2: What have Sally and Zhou Xin been doing all day? 4. S1: They have argued each other for years about the best way to grow potatoes.

(What)

S2: About what have you been arguing with each other for years? 5. S1: Jail Yang uses a particular kind of washing powder and his clothes have always been clean and soft.

(What)

S2: What kind of washing powder have you been using to make your clothes clean and soft, Jail Yang? Step6. Homework Word study exercises are assigned as homework. Students are asked to finish them after class. And ask the students to learn useful words and expressions by heart and practice them. Finish exercises 1 and 2 on pages 40 and 79.