Grammar教案设计

The Third Period

Grammar Teaching goals

1. Target language

a. Words and expressions traffic, present(n.), repaint, bathroom, furniture, decorate, so far, up to now, till now, all one’s life b. Sentence patterns The traffic in the city has got much worse recently. P34 Xiao Li has stayed in Xiamen all his life. P34 I’ve worked for it for four years now. P36

I’ve known him since September. P36

It’s been very successful, so far. P36

Up to now, I’ve understood everything the teacher’s said. P36

We’ve had very good weather this winter, till now. P36

2. Ability goals

Learn to use present perfect tense. ①Present perfect tense used for recent events

They’ve put up a lot of high-rise buildings recently. ②Present perfect tense used for experiences I’ve seen quite a lot of China.

③Present perfect tense used with words that cannot last We’ve started a holiday club for children.

④Present perfect tense used with words that can last I’ve worked for it for four years now. 3. Learning ability goals

Teach the students learn how to use present perfect tense. Teaching important points

The differences between past simple tense and present perfect tense. Teaching difficult points

Present perfect tense with verbs to describe events happen at a particular point in time 1

and to describe events that can continue over a period of time. Teaching methods

Explanation and practising. Teaching aids

A computer, a projector and some slides. Teaching procedures ＆

ways

Step I Greetings and Revision Good morning / afternoon, everyone! In the last period, I asked you to find out the sentences using present perfect tense in the text. Have you found them? OK! Now one student, one sentence. And I will ask you some questions according to the sentences you offer.

It’s been six years since we last saw each other, you know.

When was the last time that the speaker saw his friend? The last time that the speaker saw his friend was six years ago. This is the first time I’ve visited your hometown. I’ve seen quite a lot of China.

Do you know when the speaker saw these places? I think the speaker saw these places before he talks to Xiao Li. I’ve visited some beautiful cities.

Do you know when the speaker visited these cities? I think he visited these cities before he visits Xiao Li’s hometown.

They’ve just completed it.

Is this a recent event? Yes, this is a recent event. They’ve put up a lot of high-rise buildings recently. Did they do this a long time ago?

No, they did this not long ago. “Recently” means “not long ago; lately”.

My wife’s just bought a beautiful dress from one of the shops there.

A friend’s told me about a nice little fish restaurant near here.

2

Did this happen recently? Yes, I think so. Step II Grammar 1 Now please turn to page 34, and do Activity 2. A few minutes later, ask the students to check the answers. Then let the students work in pairs to talk about an interesting place they have been to to practice the present perfect tense.

OK! Now let’s go to Activity 1. Please work in pairs and ask and answer the questions . Explanation: 1．一般过去时指的是过去某时发生的动作，与现在无联系，常有表示过去某时的状语。而现在完成时指的是过去发生的动作和现在的联系或对现在产生的影响，强调过去与现在的关系。

eg. I closed the door when I left yesterday.

I have closed now. 2．一般过去时常带有表示过去某时刻的时间状语，例如last night, yesterday, last year, three months ago等；而现在完成时所带时间状语包括说话时在内或与说话时非常接近，例如today, these days, recently, just等。

We saw a film last night. They went to the park yesterday. They lived in Shanghai last year. Tom began to learn to ride a bike three months ago.

They have finished their homework today. We have been busy these days. I have recently visited Mr Wang, our former Chinese teacher. The rain has just stopped.

3．现在完成时与for或since引起的短语连用时，表示从过去开始的动作或状态延续至今；而一般过去时与for引起的短语连用时，只指过去的动作或状态在过去延续了多长时间。

We have learnt English for three years. 3

We have learnt English since 2016. Now please turn to P85 of the Wb.

Ask the Ss to do Exercise 3 to further practice the present perfect tense and enable them to distinguish between the present perfect tense and the past simple tense. Check the answers with the class. Step III Grammar 2 Let the students do some exercises to enable them to distinguish verbs that can last and that cannot last. Now please turn to P36 and do Activity 2. Put the verbs into two groups. One group is verbs to describe events that can continue over a period of time. And the other group is verbs to describe events that happen at a particular point of time. Check the answers with the class. Sample answers: Verbs to describe events that can continue over a period of time: know, live, remain, stay Verbs to describe events happen at a particular point in time: borrow, buy, give, leave, open, put, and send Now do Activity 3 on P36

to see how these verbs are used in past prefect tense. When you do it, please pay attention to the verbs to see which group they belong to, A or B? After a few minutes, check the answers. Explanation: 在现在完成时态中，非延续性动词不能和表示延续概念的“for ＋

一段时间”的时间状语连用，在此时可用与其意义对应的状态性短语来表示。例如：

⑴She has left.

We can’t say “She has left for four days”. Instead, we say:

①She has been away for four days. ②She left four days ago. ③It is four days since she left. 4

⑵I have had the pen for 2 years.

I bought the pen 2 years ago. ⑶He has been a soldier for 3 years.

He has been in the army for 3 years.

He joined the army 3 years ago. ⑷He has been here for a week.

He came here a week ago. Please look at the three sentences of Activity 4 on page 36 and answer which phrases have the same meaning. Now please work in pairs and finish Activity 5 on P36. Step IV Homework 1.Go over what we have learnt today. 2.Complete the Exercises 1, 2 ＆

4 on page 85. 5