Learning about Language第一课时评课稿

Participle used as adverbial

modifier Niu Yonghua

Teaching aims 1.Get students to master the usage of participle used as adverbial

modifier.

2. Help students use these grammatical functions correctly and effectively.

3. Stimulate students’ interest in grammar learning.

Teaching procedures Step1

Revision and Lead-in

Review the basic patterns of participle doing(being

done)现在分词

done(having

been done)

having过去分词（done）Step2

Explanations and Exercises 一、现在分词用作时间状语

1. 典型例句

When playing piano, he got excited.

2. 理解技巧

分词(短语)用作时间状语通常可转换成时间状语从句(引导时间状语的从属连词需根据句意来确定)，如上面句子也可转换成：

When playing piano, he got excited.

When he was playing piano, he got excited.

3. 高考实例

When ______different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without

noticing the many similarities.

A. compared

B. being compared

C. comparing

D. having compared 【分析】此题答案选C，分词短语when comparing different cultures相当于时间状语从句when we compare different cultures。

二、现在分词用作原因状语

1. 典型例句

Being ill, he stayed at home.

2. 理解技巧

分词(短语)用作原因状语通常可转换成由as, because, since, now that 等引导的原因状语从句，如上面句子也可转换成：

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As he was ill, he stayed at home.

三、现在分词用作条件状语

1. 典型例句

Seeing from the hill, you can get the whole town.

2. 理解技巧

分词(短语)用作条件状语通常可转换成由从属连词if引导的条件状语从句，如上面句子也可转换成：

If you see from the hill, you can get the whole town.

四、现在分词用作结果状语

1. 典型例句

Tom went home, finding the door was locked. 2. 理解技巧

分词(短语)用作结果状语时，通常可转换成并列句，如上面两句也可转换成：

Tom went home, and he found the door was locked. 3. 高考实例

(1) He glanced over at her, ______ that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together.

A. noting

B. noted C. to note

D. having noted

【分析】答案选A，此句也可换成：He glanced over at her and noted that though she

was tiny, she seemed very well put together.

(2) Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, _____ a record

US$ 57.65 a barrel on April 4.

A. have reached

C. to reach

B. reaching

D. to be reaching

【分析】答案选B此句也可换成：Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year and reached a record US$ 57.65 a barrel on April 4.

五、“having done”的用法

1. 典型例句

Having written the letter, John went to play basketball.

2. 理解技巧

“having done”表示的动作完成了之后, 谓语表示的动作才发生。而“doing”

表示的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生。

如上面句子也可转换成：

After he finished writing the letter, John went to play basketball.

六、过去分词用作时间状语

1. 典型例句

(1)Seen from the hill , the park looks very beautiful. =When

the park is seen from the hill…

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(2)When heated , water can be changed into steam. =When it is heated…

3. 高考实例

(1) When _____, the museum will be open to the public next year.

A.completed

B. completing

C.being completed

D. to be completed (2)___ many times, the problems were settled at last. A.Discussing

B.Being discussed

C.After discussing

D.Discussed 【分析】以上两题选A、D。

七、过去分词用作条件状语

1. 典型例句

Kept in the refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh. =If they are kept in the refrigerator …

2. 高考实例

(1) _____ more attention, the trees could have grown better.

A. To give

B. Given

C. Giving

D. Having given (2) Unless ____ to speak , you should remain silent at the conference . A. invited

B. inviting

C. being invited

D. having invited

八、过去分词用作原因状语

1. 典型例句

Deeply moved by the story, the children began to cry. =As they were deeply moved by the story…

3. 高考实例

(1)_______ black and blue, the lady couldn’t move. A．Beaten

B．Beating

C．To be beaten

D．To beat (2) ______ into a poor family, he had only two years of schooling. A. Being born

B. To be born

C. Born

D. Be born 九、过去分词用作让步状语

1. 典型例句

(1) Beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret. (2)Much tired, he still kept on working. 2. 理解技巧

分词(短语)用作让步状语通常可转换成由从属连词though, although, no matter…等引导的让步状语从句，如上面两句也可转换成：

Although he was beaten by the enemy…

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Although he was much tired …

3. 高考实例

No matter how frequently _____, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over

the world.

A. performed

B. performing

C. to be performed D. being performed

【分析】答案选A。现在分词短语performed在此相当于they are performed。 No matter how frequently they are performed的意思是“无论它们（指贝多芬的作品）被演奏多少次”。

十、过去分词用作伴随状语

1. 典型例句

(1)She walked out of the house, followed by her little daughter. (2)She sat by the window, lost in thought. 2. 理解技巧

理解“伴随状语”的关键是要理解“伴随”二字。分词(短语)用作伴随状语时，它表示的动作伴随句子谓语动作同时发生，即句子谓语所表示的动作为主要动作，分词短语所表示的动作伴随性的次要动作。如上面两句可以转换为：

She walked out of the house,

and she was followed by her little daughter. She sat by the window, and she was lost in thought. 3. 高考实例

(1)___ in white, she looks much more beautiful.

A. Wearing

B. Dressing

C. Dressed

D. Having dressed

(2) After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home, ____.

A. exhausting

B. exhausted

C. being exhausted

D. having exhausted 【分析】以上四题答案分别为CB。

Step3

Summary 一、现在分词与过去分词的运用比较

1.

Used for a long time, the book looks old=The book was used（被动）

Using the book, I find it useful.=I used the book（主动）

2.

Seen from the hill, our school is beautiful.=Our school is seen （被动）

Seeing the beautiful school, we are happy.=We see the beautiful school（主动）

3.

He came into the classroom, followed by some students.=He was followed（被动）

He came into the classroom, following some students.=He followed（主动）

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二、分词位置

位于主句 之前：时间，条件，原因，让步

位于主句 之后：方式，伴随，结果

三、现在分词作状语

现在分词短语作状语，可表示原因、时间、条件、伴随等，分别相当于一个状语从句或并列分句与主句主语是主动关系。

四、过去分词作状语

过去分词短语作状语，可表示原因、时间、条件、伴随等，分别相当于一个状语从句或并列分句。与主句主语是被动关系。

Step4

Homework Do some exercises on page 118 in your exercise book.

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