Learning about Language名师教学设计2

“逻辑关系法”破解“七选五”阅读

潮州市华侨中 李毅

“七选五”阅读是高考全国卷的一个题型，分值10分。该题主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。其命题体现了《新课标》“用英语获取、处理和运用信息的能力；逐步获取用英语思维的能力。”的阅读学习和教学理念。《考试说明》对该题型命题目的的表述为“主要考察学生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。”

七选五的解题关键是能较好地利用各种衔接手段。衔接手段分为三种：词汇衔接、逻辑衔接、结构衔接。逻辑衔接是学生的难点，学生对于逻辑衔接掌握不是很好，本节课就重点解决这个问题。逻辑衔接根据前后句之间的逻辑关系又细分为：

①总分关系；②顺承关系；③转折关系；④因果关系；⑤并列关系；⑥解释关系；⑦列举关系；⑧对立关系。

探究一：总分

From my experience, there are three main reasons why people don’t cook more often: ability, money and time.________Money is a topic I’ll save for another day. So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen. Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule: A. Try new things. B. Ability is easily improved. C. Make three or four instead. D. Understand your food better. E. Cooking is a burden for many people. F. Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden. G. A little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on.

探究二：顺承

A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. ________.For example, ”bridge“ might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “Bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” 40 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently. A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book. B. In any language, some letters are used more than others. C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message. D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them. E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out. F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words. G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.

探究三：转折

If someone in the chat room is rude to you , your instinct (本能

) is to fire back in the same 1

manner. But try not to do so. ________. If it was caused by a disagreement with another member, try to fix the situation by politely discussing it. Remember to respect the beliefs and opinions of others in the chat room. A. It's natural that there are some people who speak rudely or make online. B. Repeat the process till you feel sure that you'd feel comfortable saying the words to the person's face. C. Everyone was new to the network once. D. The basic rule is simple: treat others in the same way you would want to be treated. E. When you send short messages to a person online, you must say something beautiful to hear. F. You should either ignore the person, or use your chat software to block their messages. G. If you do decide to tell someone about a mistake , point it out politely. 探究四：转折

You didn’t lose “everything”. Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. _______. Instead, it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.

A. Learn to really trust yourself. B. It is putting confidence in someone. C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim. D. Remember that you can expect the best in return. E. They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again.

F. This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships. G. Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened.

探究五：因果

Unfortunately, we’ve

all been victims of betrayal. Whether we’ve been stolen from, lied to , misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply can’t trust anymore. _______It’s understandable, but if you’re willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there.

A. Learn to really trust yourself. B. It is putting confidence in someone. C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim. D. Remember that you can expect the best in return. E. They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again.

F. This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships. G. Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened.

探究六：并列

Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences, _______. Trust is a risk. But you can’t be successful when there’s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake. A. Learn to really trust yourself. B. It is putting confidence in someone. C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim. 2

D. Remember that you can expect the best in return. E. They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again.

F. This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships. G. Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened.

探究七：解释

Mildly raised glucose (葡萄糖) levels can harm the area of the brain that helps you form memories and physical activity can help get blood glucose down to normal levels. In fact, exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain. _______. A. Focus on the future. B. This can be especially harmful to the aged. C. It should be something like learning gardening. D. So take a few minutes each day to do some reading. E. But don't worry if your schedule isn't filled with life-changing events. F. Luckily, research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments. G. In other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain.

探究八：列举

There are many common methods used to cook fish. _______. First, lean it and season it with your choice of spices(调料). Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound. (A larger one will take more time.) Then, it’s ready to serve.

A. Do not buy it. B. The easiest is to steam it. C. This is how you can do it. D. It just requires a little knowledge. E. The fish will go bad within hours. F. When buying fish, you should first smell it. G. The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.

探究九：对立

Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you’ve tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. _______.If not, take another look at other methods you could try. A. Get a sleep specialist. B. Find the right motivation. C. A better plan for sleep can help. D. And consider setting a second alarm. E. If the steps you take are working, keep it up. F. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day. G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the café to get coffee.

探究十：

语段之间的语义逻辑联系

If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping. I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insects 3

bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. ____1___ The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. ___2____. We sleep in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor`s bill for my son`s food poisoning. I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. ___3____.Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life. ___4____.We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains. ___5____.It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style. A. This time there was no tent. B. Things are going to be improved. C. The trip they took me on was a rough one. D. I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however. E. I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping. F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping. G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.

课外作业

探究十一：

Color is fundamental in home design-something you’ll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces in one of the first steps to creating rooms you'll love to live in. Do you want a room that's full of life? Professional ? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? ___1____, color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point. ___2____，they can get a little complex. But good news is that there’re really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones. ___3____，They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable. Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves. ___4____They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space. The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether you're looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant. ___5____. A. While all of them are useful 4

B. Whatever you're looking for C. If you're experimenting with a color D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with

E. It's not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways

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