Learning about Language优质课教案

复习过去分词

过去分词用作定语、表语、状语和宾语/主语补足语的用法复习。

一、作用和用法：

（一）

过去分词相当于形容词和副词，构成短语，在句中可用作定语、表语、状语、、主语/宾语补足语。

e.g.

The exhausted men sat down to rest under the shade of a tree.

(前置定语)

This is the most interesting story ever heard of (= that is heard of )

(后置定语)

The name mentioned in the letter was unknown to me. (定语；

表语)

Greatly surprised (= As he was greatly surprised), he couldn’t say a word. (状语)

The fire is reported controlled. (主语补足语)

The speaker couldn’t make himself understood. (宾语补足语) （二）

及物动词的过去分词，往往含有完成或被动的意义，与其逻辑主语构成动宾结构，而不及物动词的过去分词则只有完成的意义。

e.g.

boiled water （已经被煮过的水，即“开水”；有完成和被动含义）

fallen leaves

（已经落下的叶子，即“落叶”；

有完成但没有被动含义）

（三）

作定语的位置

过去分词作定语，表示分词动作与所修饰的名词之间存在被动关系。

单独的过去分词作定语，一般放被修饰词的名词之前；过去分词短语作定语放在被修饰词的后面；过去分词及过去分词短语作定语均可以转换为一个定语从句。

e.g.

The broken window ( = The window which was broken ) will be replaced soon.

The cartoon film made in Japan

(= which had been ) attracted many children.

注意：

过去分词、不定式被动结构和现在分词被动结构作定语虽然都表被动，但在时间上有区别；过去分词表完成，不定式表将来，现在分词表进行。

e.g.

The bridge built last year is designed by a group of college students.

The bridge being built over there is designed by a group of college students.

The bridge to be built next month is designed by a group of college students.

( 四

) 作表语

作表语的过去分词多表示主语所处的状态。

e.g. I was pleased at the news.

The door is locked now. 注意：不要把表语的-ed 形式误认为谓语动词的被动语态。作表语的-ed 形式表示状态，被动语态中-ed形式表示被动动作。

( 五

）作宾语补足语：过去分词放在see, hear, notice, watch, keep , find , get, have , feel等动词的宾语后做补足语。

宾语是过去分词的逻辑主语，构成动宾关系；及物动词的过去分词表完成也表被动意义，而不及物动词则仍是主动意义。

e.g.

When I got home I found the window broken and thief gone away already. .

Tomorrow I’ll have my hair cut.

I often hear the song sung in English. 注意：

过去分词作宾语补足语表示被动，有时表示已经完成的动作，有时并不表示已

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经完成；现在分词与宾语（逻辑主语）构成主谓关系。

e.g.

He found his wallet stolen.

I’ll have my bike repaired this afternoon.

I heard him singing in the next room. 选择正确答案填空：

1. The boy tried his best to make himself _________ in his _______ English. A. understood, breaking

B. understand, broken C. understand, breaking

D. understood, broken 2. English is a language _________ all around the world and is the ___________ language of most international organizations.

A. to speak, working

B. spoken, working

C. speaking, worked

D. spoken, worked 3. A: Who are those people with the banner?

B: A group _______ itself the League for Peace.

A. calling

B. calls

C. called

D. is called 4. When _____ about the secret of his success, Spielberg said that he owed much of his success and happiness to his wife and children.

A. asked

B. being asked

C. was asked

D. asking 5. The problem___________ now is very important.

A. being discussed

B. discussed

C. discussing

D. to be discussed 6. There was a terrible noise __________ a sudden burst of light.

A. followed

B. following

C. to be followed

D. being followed 7. The computer centre,______ last year, is very popular among the students in this school.

A. open

B. opening

C. having opened

D. opened 8. A: How did the audience feel when they saw the ending of the play?

B: _________.

A. Excited

B. Excite

C. Exciting

D. To excite 9. How to feel a _________ population is a problem that is __________ many people.

A. growing, troubling

B. grown, troubled

C. growing, troubled

D. grown, troubling 10. He found a magazine __________ with the owner’s name________ on the desk with the back cover _________ off.

A. marking, lying, torn

B. marked, lying, torn

C. marked, laid, tearing

D. marking, laying, tearing.

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答案：

选择正确答案填空：

1—5

D

B

A

A

A

6—10

B

D

A

A

A

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