Learning about Languageppt配套教案和课堂实录

Sentence Patterns （Teaching Plan）

1.教材分析（analysis of teaching material）

Knowledge of sentences’

types is the foundation in the whole English learning. The Ss can understand sentences better. In addition, the Ss can also improve their writing with a solid basis . So a review of sentence types will definitely has a positive influence in their following learning.

2.学情分析（analysis of students）

In the former classes, the Ss have consolidated the basic knowledge of phonetics, sentence members, which provide a good basis for the English learning. However, they are still poor in understand and analyze the sentence patterns. So a second learning of sentence knowledge is a must for poor English learners. 3.教学目标(Teaching aims) 知识目标(Knowledge aims)

* Review the basic knowledge of the five basic sentence patterns

* Review the basic knowledge of the sentence types.

能力目标(Ability aims) Enable the Ss to understand the sentence patterns better so as to understand and use them. 4.教学重点和难点（teaching important points and difficult points）

teaching important points: Help the Ss review five sentence patterns and the types of sentences.

difficult points: Use the sentence patterns to write correct simple sentences and learn to modify

sentences among different types.

5.教学过程(Teaching procedures) Step1.warming up/revision *Greeting. *Define what is sentence structure. 句子成分的定义：

构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。

Step2.presentation/practice *Task 1 : Introduce

句子成分详解表

句子成分

意义

充当词类

例句

主语

表示句子说的是什么人或什么

事

名，代，数，不定

式，动名词，短语或

句子

We st Scho谓语

说明主语做什么，是什么或怎

么样

动词或动词词组

She is

宾语

表语

表示动作行为的对象

与联系动词连用，一起构成谓

语，说明主语的性质或特征

同主语

同主语

Both Her fHis w定语

用来修饰名词或代词

形，代，数，名, 副，介词短语或句子

We h状语

修饰动词，形容词，副词，表

示动作发生的时间，地点，原

因，目的，方式，结果等

副词，介词短语或句

子

He wThey 宾语

补足语

逻辑上与宾语是主谓关系

形容词，名词，介词

短语等

She aclean主语谓语是基础，宾表定状补辅助。宾主来自名代数，动词作谓不可无！

*Task 2: Practice—Tell the types of sentence.

My classmates and I study and play together.

Don’t miss the chance or you will regret it.

I want to know if you live here. Step 3 Presentation and practice *Task 1:

Give definitions of different structures, including examples. （一）主语

(Subject) 主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如：

1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. （名词）

2.We often speak English in class.（代词）

3.One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词）

4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式）

5.Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）

6.The rich should help the poor. （名词化的形容词）

7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. （主语从句）

8.It is necessary to master a foreign language.

（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）

（二）谓语

(Predicate)

谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，

一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下：

1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：

He practices running every morning.

The plane took off at ten o’clock.

2、复合谓语：

（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：

You may keep the book for two weeks.

He has caught a bad cold.

（2）由系动词加表语构成。如：

We are students. 注意：谓语与主语在人称与数方面要保持一致。

（三）表语(Predicative)

表语用以说明主语的性质、特征、状态与身份，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、数词、

副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语及表语从句表示。例如：

1.Our teacher of English is an American. （名词）

2.Is it yours?（代词）

3.The weather has turned cold.（形容词）

4.The speech is exciting.（分词）

5.Three times seven is twenty one?（数词）

6.His job is to teach English.（不定式）

7.His hobby is playing football.（动名词）

8.The meeting is of great importance.（介词短语）

9.Time is up. The class is over.（副词）

10.The truth is that he has never been abroad.（表语从句）

注意：系动词（Linking verb)用于连接主语和表语，说明主语的状态，性质特征和身份等。

1）状态系动词用来表示主语状态，只有be一词，例如：

He is a teacher.

2）持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如：

He always kept silent at meeting. 3）表像系动词用来表示“看起来像”这一概念，主要有seem, appear, look, 例如：

He seems (to be) very sad. 4）感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如：

This kind of cloth feels very soft.

5）变化系动词表示主语变成什么样，主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.例如：

He became mad after that. 6）终止系动词表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, turn out, 表达"证实"，"变成"之意，

例如：The rumor proved false.

His plan turned out a success. （四）宾语（Object）

宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如：

1.They went to see an exhibition yesterday.（名词）

2.The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time.（代词、动名词

3.How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.（名词、数词）

4.They helped the old with their housework yesterday.（名词化形容词，名词）

5.He pretended not to see me.（不定式短语）

6.I enjoy listening to popular music.（动名词短语）

7.I think（that）he is fit for his office.（宾语从句）

宾语种类：

（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语），例如：Lend me your dictionary, please.

To: write, tell, pass, give, send, promise, show, hand, read, tell, bring, throw等，例如：

He sent the novel to William yesterday.

For: leave, buy, build, choose, cook, draw, find, get, order, post, save等，例如：

She bought a gift for her mother. （2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补），例如：

They elected him their monitor.

下列动词只能接不定式做宾语

ask, agree, care, choose, demand, dare,

decide, expect, fail, help, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, want, wish, desire等，如：

He refused to lend me his bike. 下列动词只能接动名词做宾语

admit, avoid, advise, consider, enjoy, excuse, escape, finish, imagine, mind, practise, suggest等，如：

John has admitted breaking the window . 下列动词既可接不定式，也可接动名词做宾语，但意义不同，如stop, mean, try, remember, forget, regret等

(五）宾语补足语(Object Comlement) 英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补足（ObjectComplement），才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如make等)+宾语+宾补）。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。例如：

1.His father named him Dongming.（名词）

2.They painted their boat white.（形容词）

3.Let the fresh air in.（副词）

4.You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.（不定式短语）

5.We saw her entering the room.（现在分词）

6.We found everything in the lab in good order.（介词短语）

7.We will soon make our city what your city is now.（从句）

（六）定语

（Attributive）

修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语(Attribute)。定语可由以下等成分表示：

1.Guilin is a beautiful city.（形容词）

2.China is a developing country; America is a developed country.（分词）

3.There are thirty women teachers in our school.（名词）

4.His rapid progress in English made us surprised.（代词）

5.Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.（不定式短语）

6.The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.（动名词）

7.He is reading an article about how to learn English.（介词短语）

8.Farmers who saw us stared at us as if we are walking skeletons.(定语从句) （七）状语

(Adverbial)

修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语（Adverbial）。可由以下形式表示

：

1.Light travels most quickly.（副词及副词性词组）

2.He has lived in the city for ten years. （介词短语）

3.He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.（不定式短语）

4.He is in the room making a model plane.（分词短语）

5.Wait a minute.（名词）

6.Once you begin, you must continue.（状语从句）

九种状语种类如下：

1. How about meeting again at six?（时间状语）

2.Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.（原因状语）

3.I shall go there if it doesn’t rain. （条件状语）

4.Mr Smith lives on the third floor. （地点状语）

5.She put the eggs into the basket with great care.（方式状语）

5. She came in with a dictionary in her hand.（伴随状语）

6.In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder. （目的状语）

7.He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.（结果状语）

8.She works very hard though she is old.（让步状语）

9.I am taller than he is.（比较状语）

（八）同位语（Appositive）

同位语是对前面的名词或代词做进一步的解释，通常由名词、数词、代词或从句担任，如：

This is Mr. Zhou, our headmaster. （九）插入语（Parenthesis）

插入语是对一句话做一些附加的解释，通常有to be honest , I think (suppose, believe---)等，如：

To be frank, I don’t quite agree with you. 9.I am taller than he is.（比较状语）

句子的分类：

分类

简单句

并列句

说明

由一个主语或并列主语和一个谓语或并列谓语构成的句子。即一套主谓关系。

由并列连词（and,so,but, or等）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。

由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子

例句

1.

Tom and I found her there. 2.

2. We all breathe, eat and work. 1. He likes eggs, but he doesn’t like chicken2. Work hard or you will fall behind. 复合句

1. I believe you are right. 2. If you study harder, you will pass th

*Task 2: Practice---句子种类练习（分组讨论，每个小组分析四个句子）

分析下列句子成分：

1.We will make our school more beautiful.

2.This book is about the history of the United States. 3.I received a letter from my pen friend in Australia. 4.He did not know what to say. 5.Mr Johnson taught us German last year. 6.My father has bought me a new bike.

7.I’ll get my recorder mended. 8.Children, keep quiet please. 9.The report given by him sounds interesting. 10.Great changes have taken place in my home town in the past ten years. 11.All of us believe that Jack is an honest boy. 12.He had his bicycle stolen this month.

13.The fact that he succeeded excited all of us .

14.You must finish reading these books in two weeks. 15.What we see is that the leaves have turned yellow. 16.He asked us to join in the game. 17.That gentlemen can speak three languages fluently. 18.We call her Leifeng who often helps others.

19.You should study hard to achieve success.

20.Would you please pass me the dictionary? 21.I consider it possible to work out the problem in another way.

22.Who do you suppose will be sent to work in Tibet?

判断是简单句,并列句还是复合句（以个人竞答形式）

1. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.

2. The boy wearing school uniform who offered me his seat is called Tom.

3. There is a chair which is made of wood. 4. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening.

5. He who studies very hard is in Class One and I am in Class Two.

6. He was fond of drawing when he was a child.

7. No matter how easy it is, you can not ignore it.

8. What he said at the meeting held yesterday was very important. 9. The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree, which is helpful. 10. What matters most is that we are required to take action now.

11.That is surely how history will judge modern criticism of video games, which are accused of turning young people into violent criminals.

12.whether this heated question will be discussed at the meeting is not certain. 13.Our professor specializing in literature thought that it was important that we should read widely.

Step4: Homework 复习本课的内容并分析下面短文的句子成分

A Fire Drill(训练)

Last Friday, a fire drill was carried out in our school.

Before the drill, Mr. Smith, our headteacher, carefully explained to us what we should do when there was a firein the school. Every one of us listened attentively andremembered the right procedure(步骤).

At 9:30 when we were having a Chinese class, the fire alarm rang. Without hesitation, we went down the stairs in order as it had been planned. Following our teachers’ instructions, we moved towards the exits.

Step5:Blackboard Design 句子种类---1.句子结构

简单句

主+Vi

只有1个（并列主语）和1个并列宾语

主+系+表

主+谓+宾

主+谓+间人+直物

主+谓+宾+宾补

There +be +主+状

并列句：并列连词

and, but ,or

复合句：主句+（由从属连词引导）从句

3.

句子成分分类

主语

谓语

宾语

主要成份

定语

状语

补语

同位语

插入语