Grammar优秀说课稿

如何做好短文改错

郫都四中英语组

陶治友

一、短文改错的命题规律

1. 共计十个小题；

2. 有一个多余单词应去掉，用斜线"\"划去；

3. 有一个添加，在缺失单词的地方用添字符号"^"，再把添加的单词写在添加符号下面；

4. 有八个题为改正错误，在有错的单词下划上横线，再把正确的单词写横线在下面；

5. 每一个句子中有可能没有错误，有可能有一至二个错误，最多不会超过三个错误。

二、短文改错中的不改原则

1. 没有句子标点符号的改正；

2. 没有字母大小写改正的错误；

3. 没有用词顺序颠倒的改正；

4. 没有划线两个词改为一个词，也没有划一个词改为多个词的错误；

5.没有两个错误紧挨在一起

三、短文改错的基本原则

1. 改错保证的原则，有错必改，不能把正确的反而改为错误的；

2. 改动最小的原则；

3 保持文意的原则。

四、短文改错的基本方法和步骤

1. 浏览全文，明白大意；

2. 以句子为单位，划分句子结构及句子成份，运用词性的常识找出句中错误，用规范的标志符合改正错误；

3. 归位复读，检查数量、搭配、结构、语法和逻辑是否通顺；是否符合命题规律，是否违背不改原则。

五、如何寻找句子中的错误

1. 分析句子结构(简单句，并列句和复合句)，明白句子意思，找出逻辑错误和语法错误。

2. 划分出句子成份是否完整，明确句子成分中词性(名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、冠词、数词、代词、连词等)运用是否恰当；

3. 根据不同词性语法作用，找出错误，改正错误。

1) 动词



谓语

通过划分句子成分，找出谓语动词，判断其在文中的时态、语态及主谓是否一致；

非谓语

看在句子中非谓语动词形式是否恰当，即不定式、动名词和分词运用是否有误。

2). 名词

注意区分是可数名词还是不可数名词，明白不可数名词的特点；熟记常见的不可数news,weather,,progress,furniture,advice,information,fun health,wealth,equipment,work(工作),baggage,luggage,rubbish,experience(经验)及不可数名词具体化要加上冠词a/an,比如：pleasure,surprise,comfort,success,failure,knowledge,honor等，切记可数名词单数一般不可单独运用，熟记read a book/read the book/read books

3) 代词

明白代词的基本用法及分类，尤其注意上下文逻辑关系的替代用法；

4) 形容词和副词

(1) 明白形容词和副词的基本用法尤为关键。在句子中形容词主要用作定语，表语和宾补；副词主要用来作状语(修饰形容词，副词和动词要用副词)；

(2) 明白形容词，副词原级，比较级和最高级的基本用法及修饰比较级的程度副词。

5) 冠词

(1)明白冠词a/an,the的基本用法；

(2)熟记常用短语搭配，如in honor of, at night, at noon, at the airport, in the sky ,all over the world, on the moon, in the sun等。

6) 介词

(1)明白常见介词的基本用法，如：on, in, at, between, among, before, after, until, over, above, under, with, without等

；

(2)积累固定短语搭配，如：keep in touch with,

in other words,

on the other hand, in danger等。

7) 连词

(1)注意并列连词，如and, but, or, so, for, while(然而)，

when(这个时候)的用法；

(2)从属连词，如that和what的区分运用；if和whether，whoever和whomever，whatever和however，as和which在定语从句中区分；that和which在定语从句中的区分；when和while引导的从句的区分。

8) 数词

(1)注意基数词和序数词的基本用法；

(2)分数表达法及主谓一致；

(3)基数词的单复数运用区分比如：five hundred boys ；hundreds of boys；in one's forties, in the 1990s等。

六、做好短文改错的建议

1. 加强基础知识的积累`记忆和运用是关键；

2 养成正确的学习习惯和解题思维习惯——不要凭想当然去改正错误，也不要习惯逐句去翻译；

3 运用恰当的改错方法

4.

定时训练并总结出错的原因。

七、巩固训练

1. We are looking forward to hear from you soon.

2.

Each time I see my English teacher, I always ask him lots of question.

3. The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.

4.

We were about to go home while it began to rain.

5.

My brother likes English very much when I like Chinese.

6.

He has made good progresses in English, that makes his parents very happy.

7.

It is a honor for me to be invited to his wedding ceremony.

8. After finished all our homework, we went out to play football happy.

9.

A traffic accident happens in XiPu last Sunday; luckily, no one got serious injured. 10. He was born in May 4th, 2003.

11. There are three thousands students in our school.

12. The reason why he was late for the meeting was because he was held up in a traffic jam.

13.Thank you very much for make up my English.

14.I had a wonderful dream at last night.

15.Here's my card. Let's keep touch.

16.

Charles and I are all learning Korean these days.

17.We are disappointing at the disappointed news.

18. The tiring look on his face suggested that he doesn't have a good sleep last night.

19. My father gives me an useful book, which greatly helps me improve my English .

七、短文改错定时训练(8分钟)

Dear Peter,

Thank you very much for invite me to your birthday party on Sunday. I'd like very

much come but I had an exam on next Monday morning. It is a very important exam and I can't

afford to fail it. I will spend the whole weekend reading and prepare for it. So I am real sorry that I

won't be able to come this time. I hope that you can understand. I will send you an useful book as

a birthday present , that helps you improve your English. I will also take this chance to wish

yourself a good time on your birthday. Happy birthday to you, Peter, and many happy return of

the day.

yours sincerely,

Li. Ping