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第一册

模块六

语法1 合成词

Grammar 1 compound words and Grammar 2 the definite and zero article Step 1 Grammar 1

compound words

1.

合成词在英语中比较活跃。合成名词的数量很大，可以在句中作主语、宾语等。如：

Sightseeing took up the whole morning. (作主语) Finally they reached a cross-roads.(十字路口) (作宾语) Smoking is not allowed during take-off. (飞机的起飞) (作介词宾语) 合成词常见的构词方法如下：

名词＋名词：

earthworm(蚯蚓) earthquake(地震)

形容词＋名词：shorthand(速记的,速记) double-dealer(言行不一的人) 动名词＋名词：sleepingpills(安眠药片) waiting-room(候车室)

动词＋名词：break-water(防波堤) pick-pocket(扒手) 名词＋动名词：sun-bathing(日光浴) hand-writing(手写) 动词＋副词：get-together(聚会)

break-through (突破) 副词＋名词：downfall (垮台,堕落) outbreak(爆发) 另外,还有一些其他方式构成的合成名词：go-between (媒人,中间人) good-for-nothing (无益的,无价值的) by-product (副产品) touch-me-not(含羞草) 2.

合成形容词很多,多数作定语,有些也可作表语: They helped us to map out a long-term (长期的) plan. (作定语) Open-air (户外的)exercises will do you good. (作定语) Are you airsick? (晕机的) (作定语) He is lively and outgoing. (外向的) (作表语) 合成形容词常见的构此法如下: 形容词+名词+-ed: good-tempered(好脾气的) noble-minded (高贵的,高尚的) 形容词+现在分词

good-looking (长得好看的) easy-going( 容易相处的) 副词+现在分词: hard-working (努力工作的) far-reaching (深远的,广泛的) 名词+过去分词: state-owned (国有的) heart-felt (衷心的) 名词+现在分词: peace-loving(爱好和平的) epoch-making(开新纪元的)

副词+过去分词

well-known (著名的) widespread (传播广的) 形容词+过去分词: kind-hearted(好心肠的) ready-made(做好的,现成的) 名词+形容词: duty-free(免税的) self-satisfied(自我满足的,自负的) Step 2 Do with activity on activity 1

The Key: Type 1: hardware, software Type 2: high-speed Type 3: computer system, search engine Step 3 Do with activity on activity 2.

Possible Answers:

hardware, hardboard, hard disk; keyboard, key board website; network; notebook, notepad(记事本); software

EXX. translate the words

①well-being ②has-been③data-bank④credit card ⑤bystander⑥chewing gum ⑦snow-covered ⑧three-legged ⑨newly-built ⑩paper-making

The Key: ①幸福，福利②过时的人或物③数据库④信用卡⑤旁观者

⑥口香糖⑦

被雪覆盖的⑧

三条腿的⑨

新建的⑩造纸的