Learning about Language课堂实录【1】

过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语

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课题

过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语

（1）理解过去分词的构成，否定式及意义；

知识与能力

（2）掌握过去分词作定语，表语和宾语补足语的功能

（3）培养学生比较、分析、运用非谓语动词的能力。

（1）用讲练结合的方法，通过讨论、分析过程，练习运 教学情感态度

目价值观

标

（2）体会英语语法的运用辩证关系。

过去分词作定语，表语及宾语补足语与现在分词及动词不重点

定式的区别

过去分词作定语，表语及宾语补足语与现在分词及动词不难点

定式的运用

教法选择

教有机的结合起来。

教学方法采用讨论、比较、运用等方式，将理论与练习 的比较、提升分析推理能力。

用归纳过去分词的构成及含义；培养学生解决非谓语能过程与方法

力。

（2）启发学生积极思维，锻炼学生的分析能力。

培养学生学习英语语法的兴趣，进行语法要点横向及纵向

学策略

学法引导

课堂上，尽可能多的留给学生参与教学的思维空间。恰当的设疑，引导学生猜想，再通过举例和练习比较分析，最后得出结论。学生既实现了从感性知识到理性知识的飞跃，又体会到了“设疑----猜想----练习----分析----结论”的研究方法

课堂组织形式

分成11小组，采用小组讨论与交流、竞赛、探究的形式

教具媒体应用

课本，黑板，录音机，PowerPoint 一、导入:用录音机播放Book8 Unit3Reading的磁带；让同学们再听课文的同时发掘有关过去分词作定语、表语及宾语补足语的句子。请同学们思考，这些句子中所存在的过去分词的构成和含义。并与小组成员进行讨论最终得出结论，并以竞争的形式进行结论的呈现。

二、过去分词构成及意义：

①The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted.

②I placed the frozen bowl over the snakes’habitat. ③When I first applied for a patent I was very puzzled. 过去分词短语：可以带有自己的宾语或被状语修饰。

过去分词的否定式：not /never+v-ed 过去分词的意义：一般表示完成和被动的动作。

补充：

1. Given more time, I could have done it better. 1及物动词的-ed形式通常带有被动完成意义或被动一般意义。

2. We should bring in advanced technology from developed countries. ②不及物动词的-ed形式仅表示完成意义，没有被动含义。



过去分词作定语、表语、宾语补足语的功能：

（一）、.过去分词做定语：

1.前置定语：单个过去分词

后置定语：过去分词短语

①The lost time can never be found again. ②Is there anything planned for tonight. （that are planned for tonight.）

注：有时表强调或left等单个动词-ed也能后置

①The book left(剩余的书)are for my students. ②Among those invited(被邀请的人)were some ladies. 口诀：分词做定语的位置

“定分”位置有二条，词前词后定分晓。

单个分词在词前，有时此规有颠倒。

分词短语在词后，“定从”和它互对照。

“现分”动作进行时，“过分”动作完成了。

注：“定分”：做定语的分词；“定从”：定语从句；“现分”：现在分词；“过分”：过去分词。

1.

v-ed和v-ing作定语区别

①the risen sun升起了的太阳 the rising sun正在升起的太阳 ②developed countries developing countries ③boiled water 开水 boiling water 正沸腾的水

④fallen leawes 落叶 falling leaves 正在飘落的叶子

⑤iced beer 冰冻啤酒 spoken English 英语口语

The building built (build)last year is our library. being built (build)now will be our library to be built (build )next year wiu be our library. （二）过去分词作表语：

1、多表示语所处的状态，位于系动词之后：

①The shop has remained shut for a week. ②All of os were moved to tears at the sorrowful story. ③she looked tired with cooking. 2、比较：过去分词作表语-被动语态

Peter the Great is buried here 就埋葬于此。（状语的状态）

Peter the Great was buried here 被埋葬于此（被动的动作）

3、v-ed l v-ing 作表语的区别：

人作主语 物作主语

“觉得” “令人…”

His lecture is interesting, which made vs interested I am interested in his

lecture which is interesting. 

、过去分词作宾语补足语：

（一般是及物动词）S+V+O+OC v-ed被动完成

1．在下面结构中常用过去分词作补语。

（1）在感观动词（see, hear, notice, watch 等）和表示心理状态的动词（feel, find 等）后。

She found the door broken in when she came back.. 已破门而入（被）

补充： See sb. do (be seen to do sth ) (动作全过程) See sb. doing （动作正在进行）

See sb./Sthbeing done (被动动作正在进行) See sth.done (完成或无一定的时间性) ①when I was a boy , I used to go there and watch bicycles being repaired. (repair) ②The missing boys were last seen playing near the river.(play) ③The managers discussed the plan (that they would like to see) carried out the next year.(carried out) 2、使役动词

(keep, make, get, have, leave,have 等)后

eg. I have my watch repaired. 我想把我的手表修一下。

He spoke loudly in order to make himself heard.

它大声讲话目的是让别人听见他。

⑴ leave sb./sth. undone 留下…未做

leave sb./sth. doing 使...一直处于...状态

leave sb. to do 留下某人做某事

leave sb. to be done 留下某事要做

eg. ①He was so careless that he went out leaving the door unlocked(unlock)他太粗心了以致于没有锁门就出去了。

②A good study does not necessariny have to have a happy ending,but the reader must not be left unsatisfied( satisfy ). ⑵ have sb do “让…干”指一次性全过程 have sb doing （十延续时间状语）主动，使处于反复不停的进行状态中, 否定句时或反问句中,”不听任,不容忍

反复发生。” have sth done（表被动）“请人干”，“（宾语）遭受…”“使…得以得到”

I’m going to have the teacher answer this question after class. He had the car waiting outside.。他让小汽车在外面等着。

注：have sth. done 的三种不同含义：

①表示“请/让/叫别人（为自己做某马）。”

I must have my tooth pulled.(=I must let the dentist pull my tooth.我得把这颗牙给拨了。Pull my tooth.) Mrs Brown was much disappointed to see th washing mashine she had repaired went wrong again.布朗夫人很失望地看到她找人修理的洗衣机又坏了。

②表示：“遭遇某种（不幸）事情”说明宾语的一种无意识的受动行为不说明“谁使（宾语）遭遇某了”。have “受到，遭到”

I had my purse stolen on th bus yesterday=my purse was stolen on the bus yesterday. ③表示“完成某马”的意思，这些可以是别人完成的，也可以是自己参与完成的

He told me he had his house repaired=He toldme his house was repaired. I must have my home work dinished before I go out to play.出去玩之前我必须先把作业做完。

⑶make sb.do ( be made to do )让某人做…

make oneself done使自己被…

I can’t make myself understood（understand）in English.

我无法主别人听懂我的英语。

John was made to watch (watch)the truck for a week as punishment.

⑷get sb./sth.to do 使…做… get sb./sth. doing 使…开始做… get sb./sth. done 使…被做…

I couldn’t get the car to starting(start)this morning. He got his sister to help (help)him with his cloths. It is not hard to get him talking (talk); the problem is stopping him! 让他说话不难，难的是说开了止不住他。

Can you really get that old clock going (go) again?

3、like, want, wish, order等表示“希望，要求”等意义的动词后。need, prefer, would like 当过去分词作宾补的不定式的被动形式省略“to be”. He wanted his eggs fired(fire). 他愿意吃煎鸡蛋。

I would like this matter (to be )settled immediately. 4、{with / without 的复合结构中：

With everything well arranged_(arrange), he left the office. 一切都安排妥善之后，他离开了办公室。

She has come back with her backpack filled(fill) with interesting picture-books. 她已经回来了，背包里塞满了有趣的图书。

Without any more time given(give), we couldn't finish the task in three weeks. 如果不再给我们任何时间的话，我们三星期之内完成不了任务。

ex.现在分词与过去分词作宾语补足语的区别：

+ sb do (经常性动作) + sb doing sth.（正在进行）

+ sth done（被动）

EX: 1. I used to see these boys ____( play ) on the playground. 2. I saw them _____( play ) the computer this afternoon. 3. She was surprised to find the house _____( break ) into when she went back home.

4. Unfortunately, he got his wallet _____( steal ) on the bus. 5. He won’t have us _____( criticize ) him. 6. It’s a bad habit to leave the work ______( undo ). 7. Yesterday I caught him _____( take ) my dictionary when I went into the classroom 8. Many people spoke aloud in front of our classroom, with nobody ____( stop ) them. 9. He was looking at the screen again, with the machine ____( turn ) on. 10. The girl felt uneasy with the whole class _____( stare ) at her. 11. With the machinery _____( do ) all the work, we finished the task last month. 12. She lay on the grass with her eyes _____( close ). 13. You might catch a cold with your feet _____( expose ). 1.playing 2.play 3.broken 4.stolen 5.criticize 6. Undone 7.taking 8. Stopping 9.turned 10.staring 11. Doing 12.closed 13.exposed (三)．小结

非谓语动词涉及面广又细，成了英语教学的重点和难点。英语教师得加深对这一知识点的理解，把握教学的核心与关键。从而提升我们对这一知识点的讲解技能。我们可以去改变授课思路，更新结构模式，推进简练详解的方法。使同