Grammar板书设计

必修一M3（Grammar)

一、过去分词作定语

过去分词作定语一般表示动作完成或被动的含义。及物动词的过去分词作定语，与被修饰词之间构成动宾关系，相当于一个含被动语态的定语从句。

1．We saw abandoned farms on the way. ＝We saw farms ________ on the way. 答案：that had been abandoned 单个的过去分词通常置于被修饰词之前作前置定语；过去分词短语作定语则后置。

2．[2014·重庆高考]The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras ________ (return) to our shop for quality problems. 答案：returned 但是有些单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰词之后作后置定语。如：left(剩下的)，given(所给的)等。

3．[2013·课标全国卷Ⅰ]They might just have a place ________ (leave) on the writing course－why don't you give it a try? 答案：left 过关演练

用括号内单词的正确形式填空

1．All the ________ (break) windows have been repaired. 答案：broken 2．Hangzhou, ________ (know) to the nation for its West Lake, has changed greatly. 答案：known

3．The ________ (injure) workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital. 答案：injured 4．Is this the book ________ (recommend) by the teacher? 答案：recommended 5．Most of the people ________ (invite) to the conference were my old friends. 答案：invited 二、一般过去时的基本用法

表示过去某一具体时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示过去时间的状语连用。如：a moment ago, yesterday, last night, just now, in 2006, when I was studying等。

1．[2013·重庆高考]I felt very tired when I got home, and I ________ (go) straight to bed. 答案：went 叙述没有具体过去时间的动作或存在的状态。这种用法中常不带具体的表示过去的时间状语，只用动词的过去形式表达。

2．[2015·重庆高考]—Is Peter coming? —No, he ________ (change) his mind after a phone call at the last minute. 答案：changed 可以用“used to＋动词原形”或者“would＋动词原形”表示过去常常发生的动作或存在的状态。

3．[2013·重庆高考改编]When I________ (be) little, my mother used to sit by my bed, telling me stories till I ________ (fall) asleep. 答案：was; fell 过关演练

用括号内单词的正确形式填空

1．[2015·福州期末]—You seem to be familiar with this city. —I ________ (live) here for three years. It's great to be back. 答案：lived 2．I ________ (have) a word with Julia this morning. 答案：had 3．The boy ________ (open) his eyes for a moment, looked at the captain, and then died. 答案：opened 4．[2016·南京调研]—I wonder what makes you a good salesperson. —I ________ (serve) as a waiter for three years, which contributes a lot to my today's work. 答案：served 5．We used to ________ (do) morning exercises every week. 答案：do

Ⅰ.语法填空(用所给词的适当形式填空) Kate and Matthew 1.________ (be) on a trip to Paris.They went to a museum first and 2.________ (see) some paintings there.After that，they 3.________ (have) a delicious meal 4.________ (cook) by experts in a restaurant.In the afternoon，they 5.________ (go) to a circus

and watched the 6.________ (train) animals performing.At 3 o’clock in the afternoon，they watched a film 7.________ (make) in Hollywood.It was quite late when they 8.________ (come) out of the cinema，so they 9.________ (call) a taxi.On the way home，they 10.________ (talk) with the driver about the 11.________ (pollute) environment in Paris.Kate and Matthew were 12.__________ (exhaust) when they arrived at their house.What a 13.________ (tire) day！They wanted 14.________ (spend) a wonderful evening. Ⅱ.完成句子

1．他的英语口语很好。

His ____________ English is very good. 2．这是一个新建的教学楼。

This is a ____________ teaching building. 3．我只剩下50元了。

I have fifty yuan ______. 4．报纸上没有什么报道引起他的兴趣。

Nothing ________ in the newspaper interested him. 5．这个外国人在中国住过十年。

The foreigner ________ in China for ten years. Ⅲ.单项填空

1．I’m calling to enquire about the position________in yesterday’s China

Daily. A．advertised B．to be advertised C．advertising D．having advertised 2．So far nobody has claimed the money________in the library. A．discovered B．to be discovered C．discovering D．having discovered 3．Many things________ impossible in the past are quite common nowadays. A．to consider B．considering C．to be considered D．considered

4．Oh，look！Here’s a photo________ in my classroom at primary school.Can you recognize me in it? A．taking B．was taken C．taken D．been taken 5．The flowers________ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A．to smell B．smelling C．smelt D．to be smelt 6．In the past，most kids took a________ lunch to the school if they lived far. A．being packed B．having packed C．packing D．packed 7．The prize of the game show is $30,000 and an all­expenses­________ vacation to China. A．paying B．paid C．to be paid D．being paid 8．Most of the artists________ to the party were from South Africa. A．invited B．to invite C．being invited D．had been invited 9．A television programme________ “Heart to Heart”

invites viewers to say what they really want to do. A．being called B．having called C．calling D．called 10．Scientists think that the continents________ always where they________. A．aren’t；are B．aren’t；were C．weren’t；are D．weren’t；were 11．It is said that the early European playing cards________ for entertainment and education. A．were being designed B．have designed

C．have been designed D．were designed 12．Could you tell me something about the meeting ________ last night? A．hold B．holding C．held D．to be held 13．I should very much like to have gone to that party of theirs，but ________. A．I’m not invited B．I was not invited C．I have not been invited D．I had not been invited 14．A terrible accident________ happen the other day. A．does B．did C．has to D．had to 15．I am thirsty.Let’s drink some________. A．boiling water B．boiled water C．water being boiled D．water to be boiled 答案

Ⅰ.1.were

2.saw

3.had

4.cooked

5.went

6.trained7.made

8.came

9.called

10.talked

11.polluted

12.exhausted

13.tiring

14.to spend Ⅱ.1.spoken/oral

2.newly­built

3.left

4.reported

5.lived Ⅲ.1.A

[句意为：我打电话来咨询一下有关昨天在《中国日报》上刊登广告(招聘)的职位。advertised...是过去分词短语作后置定语，被修饰词position与advertise是被动关系。] 2．A

[考查非谓语动词作后置定语。因discover与money之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作定语。] 3．D

[considered impossible in the past为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰things，相当于定语从句that/which were considered impossible in the past。]

4．C

[taken in my classroom为过去分词短语作定语，修饰photo，表示被动和完成。A项为现在分词，现在分词作定语时表示与被修饰的名词之间为主动关系，并且表示动作正在进行；B项为谓语动词，显然是错误的；没有D项这一形式。] 5．B

[从选项的设置来看，本题考查不定式与分词作定语的区别。分析题干可知，句中的smell为系动词，后跟形容词作表语，故不能用被动形式，所以先排除C、D两项；主语the flowers与非谓语动词之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，且强调目前的状态，因此答案为B项。] 6．D

[being packed表示一个被动的动作正在进行；having packed为现在分词的完成式，主要用作状语，表示在谓语所表示的动作之前所发生的动作，不能作定语；packing表示一个主动的动作正在进行；packed表示一个被动的动作，并且该动作已完成。因被修饰的名词lunch与分词之间为被动关系且表完成，故只能用过去分词形式。] 7．B

[paid是过去分词形式，与expenses是被动关系，all-expenses-paid作定语，修饰vacation。句意为：这次游戏节目的奖品是三万美元现金以及报销中国之旅的全部费用。] 8．A

[句中的most of the artists与invite之间是被动关系，故应用过去分词形式，相当于who were invited。] 9．D

[根据句子结构分析，空格处应是定语，修饰前面的programme，表示被动关系，只有D项合适。A项虽是被动形式，但它表示动作正在进行；B项和C项表主动意义。句意为：一个叫做“Heart to Heart”的电视节目邀请观众说出他们真正想做的事情。] 10．C

[本题考查一般过去时和一般现在时的区别。第一空是指过去的状态用一般过去时；第二空是指现在的状态用一般现在时。句意为：科学家们认为大陆过去并不一直是在现在所处的位置。] 11．D

[句意为：据说，欧洲早期的扑克是为了娱乐和教育而制作的。此句要用一般过去时。] 12．C

[the meeting和动词hold是被动关系，故用过去分词。] 13．B

[would/should like＋to have done表示过去未曾实现的愿望，故“未受邀请”应是一般过去时。] 14．B

[由时间状语the other day知应用过去时态。did是对动词happen的强调。] 15．B

[boiled water开水，沸腾之后可能已经有些凉了；boiling water正沸腾的水；water to be boiled将要被烧开的水；C项表示水正被烧着。]