Learning about Language特级教师教学实录

Subjunctive Mood 虚拟语气

Teaching aims: ▲Learn the basic usage of subjunctive mood; know the form exactly（If…; wish）.

Teaching important and difficult points: ▲How to use subjunctive mood properly in blank-filling.

Teaching methods: Explanation, practice and discussion .

Teaching procedures: Step1.Definition 定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。

Step2.If引导的虚拟条件句

Q:What’s the difference between the two sentences?

If I am free, I will visit you.

(真实条件句）

If I were a bird, I would fly into the sky. （虚拟条件句）

1、表示与现在事实相反的假设和结果

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a. 如果我有很多钱，我将买一个游乐园。

If I had a lot of money, I would buy an amusement park. b. 如果天气好，我将去购物。

If it were fine now, I would go shopping. Conclusion: If条件从句

从句的谓语形式

主句的谓语形式

表示与现在

过去式（were）

事实相反的情况

PRACTICE 1: Fill in the blanks.

would/could/might/should

+动词原形

a. If my father _____ (be) here, everything _________ (be) OK. b. If the world war _____ (break) out again, what _____________ (happen) to our people on earth? 2.表示与过去事实相反的假设或结果

a.如果他早起，他就不会上学迟到。

If he had got up early, he would not have

been late for school. b. 如果他昨天小心开车，就不会发生车祸。

If he had driven more carefully, he would not have had the car accident yesterday. Conclusion: 2

If条件从句

从句的谓语形式

主句的谓语形式

表示与过去

过去完成式

事实相反的情况

（had done)

should/would/could/might

+have done

PRACTICE 2: Fill in the blanks.

a. If she _________(come) five minutes earlier, she _________________(catch) the early bus. b. If you _________(be) here, he ______________

(find) you yesterday. 3、表示与将来事实相反的假设和结果

a. 如果有一天我中了大奖，我将买一部豪车。

If I won the lottery one day, I would buy an expensive car. b. 如果Jay来了，我们将对他说什么？

If Jay came,

If Jay should come,

what should we say to him? If Jay were to come, Conclusion: If条件从句

从句的谓语形式

主句的谓语形式

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表示与将来

1.过去式（were）

事实相反的情况

2.should+动词原形

3.were to+动词原形

PRACTICE 3: Fill in the blanks.

would/could/might/should

+动词原形

What ______________ (happen) if you ________________ (get) up too late

tomorrow? Sum up:

虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法

从句谓语形式

主句谓语形式

If条件从句

过表与现在事实相反的情况

去式would/could/might/should

+动词原形

should/would/could/might

+have done

（were）

过去完成式

表与过去事实相（had done) 反的情况

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1.过去式（were）

2.should+动词表与将来事实相反的情况

原形

3.were to+动词原形

Practice 4

would/could/might/should

+动词原形

1. If I were you, I ____ buy the house right now.

A. won’t

B. don’t

C. wouldn’t

D. can’t

2. _____more careful, his ship would not have sunk.

A. If the captain were

B. If the captain had been

C. Should the captain be

D. If the captain would have been

3. If he ____me tomorrow, I would let him know. A. should call

B. should not have been able

C. were not able

D. are not able

Step3: wish引导的虚拟句

wish 后面的宾语从句中,一般用虚拟语气，表示一种不大可能实现的5

愿望。译为“但愿”，“要是……就好了”等。

I wish (that) I were a bird.

I wish (that) I had seen the film last night.

I wish (that) I would\could go tomorrow. Conclusion: 用法

与现在事实相反

与过去事实相反

与将来事实相反

从句谓语动词形式

过去式（were）

had done

would/could/might+do

1) 表示对现在情况的虚拟: 从句动词用过去式

(be动词一般用were) 。

I wish I ______ (be)as tall as Yao Ming I wish I_____(can) fly like a bird. 2) 表示对过去情况的虚拟:从句动词常用“had＋过去分词”。

I wish I_____________ (not eat) so much watermelon.

3) 表示对将来的主观愿望: 从句动词形式为

“ would / could / might＋动词原形”。

I wish it _________（rain）tomorrow.

Step4. Comprehensive practice 1) A: How I wish I ______ （have) a lot of money. B: What______ you do if you ______a lot of money? 6

A: If I had a lot of money, I ________(buy )a car. B: If you ______(have) a car, what would you use it for? A: If I had a car, I _________(drive) to school. If I ________(drive) to school, I _____________(not get up) so early to catch the bus. B: Well, stop daydreaming. If I ______(be) you, I __________(study) hard .

2) A: Why do you look so upset? B: I was just punished by the teacher. I wish I ________(finish) the homework on time last night. A:

why didn’t you do your homework? B: I didn’t bring my book home. If I ________(bring) my book home. I ________(finish) it last night.

A: No wonder. If you_________(finish) your homework last night, you wouldn’t have been punished by the teacher. B: That’s right. I wish it _______________(not happen) again. A: You always say that.

Step5. Presentation Work in groups and make up sentences, conversations or passages with subjunctive mood. ( 4 sentences at least.)

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Step6. Homework No one could recognize me if 1.___________(not get) my new transistors 2. _______the 1960s.There were times when my size was changed. I became small and thin but I got cleverer and cleverer, quicker and quicker. And my memory became so large I 3.___________ believe it! But I 4.__________(remain) lonely by standing there by myself if they 5._______________(not ,give) me a family 6 _________ (connect) by a network. I could share information 7. ________ others and we could talk to each other. At about the same time we learned to talk to humans using BASIC. I was brought into people’s homes in the 1970s. Without this, my family and I 8.____________ (not, use) by billions of people 9._________ deal with information and communicate with each other around the world by the Internet. I love 10.___________ (use) to connect people who aren’t close enough to speak to each other. I have truly been built to serve the human race since my birth.

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