Learning about Language教学内容

第10讲Meeting your ancestors 语法___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1.掌握现在完成进行时的用法；

2.能够区分现在完成时与现在完成进行时。

现在完成进行时

（1）结构由“have/has been+动词的现在分词”构成，表示从过去某时开始，一直持续到现在的动作，可能刚刚停止，也可能还在继续进行。例如：

We have been looking for you for an hour. 我们找了你一个小时。（动作刚停止）

She has been teaching English since she graduated. 她毕业后一直在教英语。(动作还在继续进行) We have been going over maths these days. 我们这些天一直在复习数学。（动作还在继续进行）

（2）有时现在完成进行时不是指某动作一直在不停的进行，而是表示一直到说话时为止的一段时间内一再重复的动作，常常带有感情色彩。例如：

She has been saying that 20 times. 这话她已经说了20遍了。

He has been calling on her several times this week. 他这个星期几次来看他。

We have been having a lot of rain recently. 最近雨水很多。

（3）有时现在完成进行时表示刚才或近来发生的动作，也可表示知道说话时为止的一段时间内发生的动作，这一动做到说话时已经结束，而且一般不再继续下去；这种用法主要表示某一动作所产生的结果或对现在的影响。例如

He has been working too hard. 他工作太辛苦了。

The girl has been playing with toys. 那个女孩一直在玩玩具。

You have been cleaning the classroom, I think. 我想你刚才在打扫教室吧。

（4）现在完成时和现在完成进行时

现在完成时和现在完成进行时均可表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作，有时两者可换用。这两种时态的主要区别有两个

：

其一：现在完成时表示动作已完成，着重结果；现在完成进行时表示动作的进行，强调动作的持续

性。比较：

I have watered the flowers. 我已经给花浇过水了。（已完成：你不必浇了）

I have been watering the flowers. 我一直在给花浇水。（未完成：一直在浇）

其二：状态动词、知觉动词或情感动词如：see, feel,know,love 等，不可用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时，例如：

I have known her for a long time. 我认识她已经很久了。

I haven’t seen him theses days.

这些日子我没有见过他。

1.(2015福建高考) --Where is Peter? I can’t find him anywhere. --He went to the library after breakfast and ________his essay there ever since. A. wrote

答案: C 解析: 本句考察的时态。由ever since可知，彼得从早餐后一直在图书馆写文章，并且还没有写完，所以应该用现在完成进行时表示动作一直持续到现在，还有可能持续下去。故C正确。

2.(2014湖南高考) Since the time humankind started gardening, we ________ to make our environment more beautiful. A.

try 答案: B 解析: 本句考察的时态。由

since the time humankind started gardening可知，我们一直在努力使我们的环境更美丽，还有可能继续下去，所以选B。

3.

(2014江西高考)--Tony, why are your eyes red? --I ________ up papers for the last five minutes. A.cut 答案: D 解析: 本句考察的时态。由for the last five minutes可知，刚才一直在切纸，还有可能继续下去，故选D。

4.

(2015陕西高考) Marty ________ really hard on his book and he thinks he’ll have finished it by Friday. A.

worked

B. have been working

D. has worked

B. was cutting

C. had cut

D. have been cutting

B. have been trying C.are trying

D. will try

B. had written

C.has been writing

D. is writing C. had worked 答案: B 解析: 本句考察的时态。由he thinks he’ll have finished it by Friday可知，Marty一直在努力读书，但到目前为止还没有读完，所以用现在完成进行时。

5.

(2015福建福州高二下) The girl has a great interest in sport and ________ badminton classes twice a

week over the last three years. A.

took

答案: D 解析: 本句考察的时态。由over the last three years可知，过去的三年一直在上羽毛球课，还有可能上下去，所以用现在完成进行时，故选D。

基础演练

一. 单项选择

1. —

I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.

— I think so. He ________ for it for months.

A. is preparing

B. was preparing D. has been preparing

B. is taking

C. takes

D. has been taking C. had been preparing

2. By the time he realizes he _________ into a trap, it’ll be too late for him to do anything about it.

A. Walks

B. walked

C. has walked

D. had walked 3. So far this year we _______ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. A. saw

B. see

C. had seen

D. have seen 4. Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she ______ English for a year. A. studies

B. studied

C. is studying

D. has been studying

5. Danny _________ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular.

A. works

B. is working

C. has worked

D. had worked

6. —I have got a headache.

—No wonder. You_________ in front of that computer too long. A. work

B. are working

C. have been working

D. worked 7. The unemployment rate in this district_______ from 6% to 5% in the past two years.

A. has fallen

B. had fallen

C. is falling

D. was falling 8. Now that she is out of job, Lucy ___ going back to school，but she hasn’t decided yet.

A. had considered

C. considered

B. has been considering

D. is going to consider 9. —______ you ______ him around the museum yet? —Yes. We had a great time there. A. Have; shown C. Had; shown

B. Do ; show

D. Did; show 10. —Hi, Tracy, you look pale. —I am tired. I _______ the living room all day. A. painted

B. had painted

C. have been painting 6-10 CABAC

D. have painted

Key: 1-5 DCDDC

巩固提高

二. 用括号中的词的正确形式填空

1. You know, I ________ (look) for a job for three months, and this is my first formal interview. 2. My sister ________ (stay) in Beijing for three months last year. 3. The little boy is dirty all over because he ________ (play) in the mud all the morning. 4. I ________ (wonder) if you were free this afternoon. 5. Here he is! We ________ (wait) anxiously for him since last night.

Key: 1. have been looking 2. stayed 3. has been playing/ has played

4. wondered 5. have been waiting

1. They

on the program for almost one week before I joined them,and now we

it as no good results have come out so far. A. had been working ;are still working

B. had worked; were still working

C. have been working; have worked

D. have worked; are still working

2. Millions of pounds’ worth of damage

by a storm which swept across the north of England last night. A. had been caused C. will be caused

B. has been caused D. will have been caused

3. Now that she is out of job, Lucy

going back to school , she hasn’t decided yet.

A. had considered

C. considered

B. has been considering

D. is going to consider 4. The crazy fans

patiently for two hours, and they would wait till the movie star arrived. A. were waiting C. had waited

B. had been waiting

D. would wait

5. —Have you heard from Janet recently? — No, but I

her over Christmas. A. saw

B. will be seeing

C. have seen

D. have been seeing

6. You

things about. Look, what a mess in your room! A. always throw

B. have always thrown

D. have always been throwing

C. are always throwing

7. —Li Ming is said

abroad. Do you know what country he studied in? — Yes, in Britain. A.

to have studied

C. to be studying

B. to study

D. to have been studying 8. We_____ for the bus half an hour, but it has not come yet.

A. have been waiting C. are waiting

B. have waited D. have been waited 9. You are so late. We ____ you for a whole hour. A. Waited

B. had waited

C. were waiting for D. have been waiting for 10. He ____ articles for our wall-newspaper the three years, and he _____about thirty articles. A. has written; has written B. has been writing; wrote C. is write; has been writing

D. has been writing; has written 11. It _____ for two days. The roads will be blocked if it ______ soon. A. snowed; won’t

B. has been snowing; doesn't stop D. snow ; doesn’t stop

C. has snowed; won’t stop

12. It _____ for two hours and the ground is too wet to play on, so the match______. A. has been raining; has put off C. was raining; has been put off

B. has rained; is put off

D. has been raining; has been put off 13. He wanted to know how this _______.

A. had happened C. has happened

B. happened

D. has been happening

14. Since she left home, I have been worried about her and _____ well at all. A. was sleeping

B. wasn't sleeping D. have been sleeping C. haven't been sleeping 15. For some time now, Chinese people, under the leadership of CPC, __________ the contents of the Scientific Development Theory in the course of practicing socialism in China. A. had been carrying out

C. were carrying out

B. carried out

D. have been carrying out

11-15 BDACD

Key: 1-5 AABBB

6-10 CAADD

_________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________

一.

单项选择

1. We ___for the bus half an hour, but it has not come yet. A. have been waiting

B.have waited

C.are waiting

D.have been waited 2. You are so late. We ________you for a whole hour. A. waited

B.had waited

C.were waiting for

D.have been waiting for

3. He _______articles for our wall-newspaper the three years, and he ______about thirty articles. A. has written; has written

B.has been writing ;wrote

C.is writing ;has been writing

D.has been writing ;has written 4. It_________for two days. The roads will be blocked if it __________soon. A. snowed ;won’t

B.has been snowing ; doesn’t stop

D.snow; doesn’t stop

C.has snowed ;won’t stop

5. It _______for two hours and the ground is too wet to play on, so the match_________. A. has been raining; has put off C.was raining; has been put off

B.has rained ; is put off D.has been raining ; has been put off 6.He wanted to know how this __________. A. had happened C.has happened

B.happened

D.has been happening

7. China sent up Shenzhou VI manned spaceship into space successfully, which shows science and technology ________rapidly in China. A. has been developing

C.is developing

B.develops

D.has developed 8. Mrs.White became a teacher in 1985.She _______for 20years by next summer. A. will teach

B.would have taught

D.will have been teaching C.has been teaching 9. ---Hi, Tracy, you look tired.

---I am tired. I ________the living room all day. A. Painted

B.had painted

C.have been painting

D.have painted 10. Now that she is out of a job, Lucy______going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet. A. had considered

C.considered

B.has been considering

D.is going to consider 6-10 AADCB Key: 1-5 ADDBD

二. 完形填空

阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

My husband, Tom, has always been good with animals, but I was still amazed when he befriended a female grouse (松鸡). It’s __11__ for a grouse to have any contact (接触) with people. In fact, they’re hard to spot, __12__ they usually fly off when they hear humans approaching.

This grouse came into our lives in __13__. Tom was working out in the field when he __14__ her walking around at the edge of the field. She was __15__ unafraid and seemed to be __16__ about what he was doing.

Tom saw the __17__ bird several times, and she got more comfortable around him. We quickly grew __18__ of the bird and decided to call her Mildred.

One day, as Tom was working, Mildred came within a few feet of him to watch. Tom __19__ he didn’t see her and kept working to see what she would do next.

Apparently, she didn’t like to be __20__. She’d run up and peck (啄) at Tom’s hands, then __21__ off to

see what he would do. This went on for about 20 minutes, until Mildred became tired of the __22__ and left.

As spring went and summer came, Mildred started to __23__ more and more often. __24__

Mildred felt comfortable enough to jump up on Tom’s leg and stay long enough for me to get a __25__ of the two of them together. This friendly grouse soon felt __26__ not just with our family, but with anybody who walked or drove by.

When hunting season opened, we put a __27__ at the end of our driveway asking __28__ not to shoot our pet grouse. My father, who lived down the road, __29__ warned people not to shoot her. __30__ , hunters would stop and take pictures, because they had never seen anything like her.

11. A.interesting

C. impossible 12. A.though C. unless 13. A.spring C. autumn 14. A. got C. noticed 15. A.naturally C. normally 16. A.crazy C. concerned 17. A.shy C. friendly 18. A.careful C. fond 19. A.supposed C. hoped 20. A.ignored C. amazed 21. A.put C. set 22. A.game C. place 23. A.give up C. turn over 24. A.Eventually C. Constantly 25. A.chance C. picture 26. A.comfortable

B. reasonable

D. unusual

B. because

D. until

B. summer

D. winter

B. kept

D. imagined

B. certainly

D. surprisingly

B. curious

D. cautious

B. awkward

D. elegant

B. tired

D. sick

B. realized

D. pretended

B. observed

D. disturbed

B. back

D. take

B. work

D. man

B. come out

D. fly by

B. Suddenly

D. Presently

B. dream

D. sense

B. guilty

C. anxious 27. A.lantern C. gun 28. A.drivers C. hunters 29. A.just C. thus 30. A.In fact C. On the contrary Key: 11-15 DBACD

D. familiar

B. sign

D. loudspeaker

B. farmers

D. tourists

B. yet

D. also

B. For long

D. By the way

16-20 BCCDA

21-25 BABAC

26-30 ABCDA

三. 阅读理解

An exhibition of models, 3-D images and videos has brought the Old Summer Palace, known as Yuanmingyuan, back to life, giving a fascinating insight into the life of China’s royal families. Sun Yuanqing reports.

More than a century after it was looted (掠夺) and burned down, Yuanmingyuan has been restored to its former glory in a unique way.

Exhibition Glory of the Yuanmingyuan, arouses the history and culture of Yuanmingyuan through models, 3-D images and videos. It is currently on display at the Chinese Culture Center in Moscow in celebration of the China-Russia Tourism Year.

“It is a breakthrough in the history of Yuanmingyuan，” says Chen Yanying, co­curator (联合馆长) of the exhibition. “It is not meant to condemn the countries that took part in the turmoil (骚动), instead, it is going to send a positive voice, to let more people learn about and come to visit Yuanmingyuan.”

Yuanmingyuan’s cultural relics, artworks and architecture that were looted or destroyed in the late 1800s and early 1900s, have now been brought to life on the touch panels. A miniature model of Haiyantang, the largest European garden in Yuanmingyuan, also made its debut (登场), along with replicas (复制品) of the 12 bronze zodiac animal heads that decorate its fountain.

One of the highlights of the event is the various interactive (交互式) programs that allow visitors to not only appreciate, but also take part in the creation process of art, says Chen.

“For people who know little about Yuanmingyuan, pictures alone can’t do it，” says Chen. “That’s why we need to develop experience centers to help people in other countries relate to Yuanmingyuan.”

In the experience center of royal architecture design, visitors can try to build architecture models, discovering how Chinese architecture takes shape without using nails and glue.

In the miniature Banmuyuan Garden, the place where the royal family watched opera, there are handmade embroidered (绣花的) costumes and puppets (木偶), which visitors can try on and pose for photographs with. In the imperial schoolroom, where the princes of the royal family used to study, visitors can learn Chinese calligraphy. 1. In what way is Yuanmingyuan exhibited in Moscow? A. By models, 3-D images and videos. B. Only by models. C. By models and 3-D images. D. By models and videos. 2. For what purpose did we hold the exhibition about Yuanmingyuan in Moscow? A. To develop better relationship with Russia. B. To make more people learn something about Yuanmingyuan.