Grammar名师教学视频（文字实录）

必修一

Module 4

Period 3 Grammar 1, 2

Step 1 Grammar 1 1. Individual work

Ask Ss to say out the sentences using present perfect tense, and then ask some questions according to the sentences.

(1) It’s been six years since we last saw each other, you know. Question: Do you know when the last time was the speaker saw his friend? Answer: The last time that the speaker saw his friend was six years ago.)

(2) This is the first time I’ve visited your hometown.

(3) I’ve seen quite a lot of China. I’ve visited some beautiful cities. Question: Do we know when the speaker saw these places? Answer: No, we don’t.

(4) They’ve just completed it. Question: Is it a recent event? Answer: Yes, it is.

(5) They’ve put up a lot of high-rise buildings recently. Question: Did they do this a long time ago? Answer: No, they don’t. Recently means lately.

(6) My wife’s just bought a beautiful dress from one of the shops there.

(7) A friend’s told me about a nice little fish restaurant near here. Question: Did this happen recently? Answer: Yes, it did. 2. Pair Work

Ask Ss to summarize when to use present perfect tense.

We were friends for about six years. (我们过去是朋友，现在是不是，没有说明。）

We have been friends for about six years. (结果对现在有影响：我们现在仍是朋友。) Suggested answers: 现在完成时的用法之一：过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响。人们使用现在完成时，并不关心动作何时发生，只关心这个动作和现在有无联系或对现在产生的影响。但是一般过去时则把注意力放在过去某时发生的动作。

现在完成时与for或since引起的短语连用时，表示从过去开始的动作或状态延续至今；而一般过去时与for引起的短语连用时，只指过去的动作或状态在过去延续了多长时间。

一般过去时通常与表过去某时刻的时间状语连用，如last night, yesterday, last year, three

weeks ago等；而现在完成时所带的时间状语包括说话时在内或与说话时非常接近，如today, these days, recently, just等。

3. (Pair Work)

Ask Ss to finish Activity 2 on page 34. Suggested answers: (1)

have built (2)has got (3) came , stay (4) has visited (5) has lived (6)has not bought, has seen

4 Practice 1. Choose the best answers: (1) I wonder why Jenny ______ us recently. We should have heard from her by now.

A. hasn’t written

B. doesn't write

C. won’t write

D. didn't write (2) — The window is dirty.

— I know. It ______ for weeks.

A. hasn’t cleaned

B. didn't clean

C. wasn’t cleaned

D. hasn’t been cleaned

(3) They have lived in this city_______ several years ago.

A. for

B. at

C. since

D. / 2. Translate the following sentences.

(1) 我已在这儿住了三十多年了。

(2)自二月份以来她还没有给我写过信呢！

(3)你去过长城吗？

(4)

她从未到海滨度过假。

Suggested answers: (1) I have lived here for more than thirty years. (2) She hasn’t written to me since February. (3) Have you ever been to the Great Wall? (4) She has never spent a holiday at the seaside. Step 2 Grammar 2 1. Pair Work

Ask Ss to look at some sentences on the screen. Decide which sentences describe events that continue over a period of time and which sentences describe events that happen at a particular point in time.

(1) And you’ve lived here all your life …

(2) I’ve worked for it for four years now.

(3) … we’ve started a holiday club for children.

(4) A lot of children have joined it. Suggested answers: Sentences 1, 2 describe events which continue over a period of time. Sentences 3, 4 describe events which happen at a particular point in time. 2. Pair Work

Ask them to finish Activity 2 on page 36. Suggested answers: A: know

live

remain

stay B: borrow

buy

give

leave

open

put

send

3. Pair Work

Ask them how to distinguish the words. Suggested answers: 在现在完成时态中，非延续性动词不能和表示延续概念的“for + 一段时间”的时间状语连用。

在表达延续一段时间的动作时，可用与其意义对应的状态性短语来表示。

Eg 他已经结婚10年了。

He has married for 10 years.

(

×

) He has been married for 10 years.

(

√

) He married 10 years ago.

( √

) It is 10 years since he get married.

( √

) 4. Individual Work

Ask the Ss to finish Activity 3 on page 36. Suggested answers: (1) have, known, have known (2) has borrowed (3) has lived (4) Have, sent (5) has, left

5. (Pair Work)

Ask Ss to read the sentences in Activity 4 on page 36. Try to find out which phrases have the same meaning.

(The three phrases all have the same meaning. Their meaning is “到目前为止”.)

Work in pairs. Ask and answer about what you have learnt so far / up to now, this term, in your lessons at school.