Using LanguageⅡ名师教学设计2

Unit 2

Cloning

Learning about language II Discovering useful structures the Appositive clause 滦南县胡各庄中学

吴艳梅

Teaching aims：

1. To understand the concept of the Appositive clause 2. To tell the Appositive clause from the Attributive clause. 3. To be able to solve the problems relevant to the Appositive clause and the Attributive clause：

Teaching important points：

1. To understand the concept of the Appositive clause. 2. To master the usage of the Appositive clause Teaching difficult points：

1. How to help the Ss to understand the Appositive clause. 2. How to help the Ss to compare the Appositive clause and the Attributive clause. Teaching steps：

Step 1: 导入：同位语

对一个名词或代词进行解释或补充说明的这一句子成分就是同位语。同位语与被它解释的词格式要一致，并常常紧挨在一起。

找出同位语：

1.We two, Tom and myself , had a good time yesterday. 2. Mr. Smith, our new teacher, is very kind to us. 3. Yesterday I met Tom, a friend of my brothers'.

4. We Chinese people are brave and hard-working. 5. I heard the news that our team had won．

Step 2: 同位语从句

观察例句：

1）The idea that you would cross the whole continent was exciting. 2）The fact that ocean ships can go there surprises many people. 总结：

1.

同位语从句概念: 在复合句中作同位语的从句叫同位语从句，属于名词性从句范畴。

2.

同位语从句功能: 同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，同位语从句常放在抽象名词之后。

3.

抽象名词:

常跟的抽象名词有: fact, idea, opinion, thought, order, doubt, news, hope,

truth, belief, suggestion, advice, view, promise, request, proposal提议/建议, demand, question等

4. 连词：

that/whether

who/ what /which

when /where/why/how Step 3: 连词的用法

1. that/whether ：只起连接作用，不作成分。that无意义，whether表示“是否”

1）There is no doubt that the price of cars will go down. 毫无疑问汽车价格会下降。

2）I have some doubt whether he really knows me. 他是否认识我，我有怀疑。

2. 连接代词who, which, what

连接副词where, when, how,why 它们在引导同位语从句时保留自己的疑问含义，又起连接作用，在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语成分。

1）The question who should go abroad requires consideration. 谁应该出国的问题需要考虑。

2）I have no idea which one I should choose. 我不知道我选择哪一个。

3）I have no idea where she comes back.

我不知道她从哪里回来的。

4）He refused to answer the question how he got all his money. 他拒绝回答如何弄到资金的问题。

注意：

1.为了保持句子平衡，同位语从句有时候被别的词把它和名词隔开。

1）The story goes that William killed the man with an arrow. 2）Word came that our team had won the game . 3）Suddenly the thought came to him that he could go blind.

2. 若被同位语解释的名词是表示建议（如advice, suggestion, proposal)要求（如demand, request, requirement)、命令（如order）时，同位语从句中的谓语用“should+动词原形。

1）He made the suggestion that we (should) start at once.

2）Soon we received the order that we (should )stop fighting at once. 课堂能力达标：

选择：

1. The news ____ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly.

A. what

B. that

C. why

D. when

2. His suggestion that the meeting _____ was turned down.

A. was delayed

B. be delayed

C.delayed

D. should delay 3. Do you have any idea ___ is actually going on in the classroom? A. that

B. what

C. as

D. which 4. He often asked me the question ____ the work was worth doing.

A. whether

完成句子：

1. The question whether he will join us is uncertain. (join)

他是否加入我们还不确定。

2. The idea that you can do this job well without thought is wrong.(do)

不思考你能够就做好这份工作的思想是错误的。

3. A saying goes that practice makes perfect .(make)

俗话说熟能生巧。

4. Our teacher gave us the suggestion where we should spend our summer holidays (spend). 我们的老师就我们该去哪里度暑假提出了建议。

5. Word came that the president would come to inspect our city. (come）

有消息说总统要来视察我们的城市。

B. where

C. that

D. when

Step 4: 同位语从句与定语从句区别

1. 辨析思考：

1）He told me the news that he would come home from abroad soon.（同位语从句）

他告诉了我消息—他将很快归国。

2）He told me the news (that) he heard on the radio the day before.（定语从句）

他告诉了我他前天从广播里听来的消息。

定语从句：是从句对其先行词或前面整个句子的修饰或限制，代替先行词作从句成分; 同位语从句：是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,与前面的名词不是替代关系。

2. 强化理解：

3）

The news that our team has won the game was true.

我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。

(同位语从句, 补充说明news到底是一个什么消息；that不可代替，一般不省略)

4）The news that had spread all over the world made the man famous. 那个已经传遍全世界的消息使得那个人出名了。(定语从句,

news在从句中作had spread的主语；that很多时候可以用which / who/whom等来代替，作宾语时可省略，如下：)

3. Have a try.定语从句？同位语从句？

1）

They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.

（同位语从句：they would come to visit China 对hope 进行具体的说明。）

2）

The hope ( that ) she expressed is that they would come to visit China again. （定语从句：

hope 充当express的宾语。）

3）

The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday.

(同位语从句, 是对order的具体解释, that虽不作成分, 但不能省略)

4）

The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups.

(定语从句, 是名词order的修饰语, that作从句received的宾语, 可以省略)

小结

that：

1）引导词that引导定语从句时, 在从句中一般作主语、宾语或表语

(指物时还可以用which代替), 并且作宾语时常常省略；

2）that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用, 不充当任何成分, 并且不能省略, 也不能用which来代替:

小结其他的连词：

有些词如whether, how, what可以引导同位语从句, 但不能引导定语从句。

如: That question whether we need it has not been considered. （我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑。）

妙招：同位语从句的简易判断！

名词

＋

同位语从句，中间加be，若能构成一个完整的、符合逻辑的新句子，就是同位语从句。

1）The news that we won the match is true. 可改为：The news is that

we won the match. 2）The news that you have heard is true. 若改为：The news is that you have heard .是错误的句子。

判断下列哪些含有同位语从句，哪些含有定语从句。

①

The news that we had successfully sent up another communication satellite spread throughout the world.（同位语从句）

②

That’s the best piece of news I’ve heard. （定语从句）

③

Is there any hope that he will be home at 7?（同位语从句）

④

I’ve no hope that my parents have been expecting to me. （定语从句）

Step 5 总结诀窍：定语从句和同位语从句区别

功能不同

that

Whether，

how，

what

同位语从句

对名词加以解释，是补充

、说明的关系

不作从句成分，不能省略

起连接主从句的作用，

whether不作成分，含义是

“是否”，how，what作从句

成分，但是不代替名词/代

词

定语从句

与先行词是修饰，限制关系

作从句成分，作宾语时有时可以省略

不能引导定语从句

Where，

why, when

如何选词

作从句成分，起连接作用，

代替先行词（名词、代词）在从句中

有含义，但与名词无关

作成分

根据语境：缺啥补啥

根据先行词所作的从句成分进行

选择

Step 6课堂能力达标：

1. Luckily, we'd brought a road map without ____ we would have lost our way.

A. it

B. that

C. this

D. which

2. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at ____ I thought was a dangerous speed.

A. as

B. which

C. what

D. that

3. They are familiar with the opinion that all matter consists of atoms.

4. The hope that she expressed is that they would

come to visit China again. 5. This is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible. 6. All agreed to his suggestion that a bridge across the river（should）be built. Step 7 课后作业: 填空

1. The news was very exciting that our class had won the football match. 2. This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 3. The person to whom you spoke is a famous actor. 4. I have no idea when he will come .(come) 我不知道他什么时候会回来。

5. Many parents hold the view that teenagers shouldn't spend too much online.

(hold) 许多父母持有这样的观点：青少年不应该花费太多时间上网。

6. I have no idea ____ he will start.

A. when

B. that

C. what

D./

7. I've come from the government with a message ____ the meeting won't be held tomorrow.

A. if

B. that

C. whether

D. which

8. The thought ____ he might fail in the exam worried him.

A. when

B. which

C. what

D. that

9. The order ____ the prisoner be set free arrived too late.

A. which

B. whether

C. that

D. what

10.（改写句子）

How did the accident come about? The driver refused to answer the policeman's question. The driver refused to answer the policeman's question how the accident came about. 11.（改写句子）Can you see the rat? The rat is eating your bread. Can you see the rat that/which is eating your bread?