Grammar优质课教学设计

Grammar

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The

Attributive

Clause（导学案）

1.定义：又称形容词性从句，在复合句中修饰名词或代词，起定语作用。

2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词

3.关系代词、关系副词：引导定语从句的词

关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that（在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语）

关系副词：when, where, why（在定语从句中作状语）

关系代词的用法

that which who whom whose

1. who指人,作主语或宾语

(作宾语可略）

The boys who are playing football are from Class One.

A person who steals things is called a thief. 2. whom指人,作宾语

(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)

The man (whom/who) I talked to is Mr. Li. The man to whom I talked is Mr. Li. 3. whose 在定语从句中作定语，与后面的名词为所属关系。

whose多指人，也可指物，指物时可与

of which互换使用。

1. He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 2. The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.

=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. 3. Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?

=Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow?

5. that指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。

1. Where is the man （that / whom）

I saw this morning?

2. The season that / which comes after spring is summer. that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。

(1) 限制性定语从句中先行词为all, few, everything, anything, nothing, none, little, some等不定代词指物时。(something用that或which均可) Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li said?

There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world.

指代内容

人; 物

物

人

人

(人/物)的

所做成分

主语, 宾语

主语, 宾语

主语, 宾语

宾语

定语

是否可省略

作宾语可省

作宾语可省

作宾语可省

可省

不可省

(2)There be 句型中用that。

There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. (3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰。

This is the first book (that) he has read. This is the best film (that) I have ever seen. This is the first time (that) I am in Beijing. (4)先行词是who或which引导的主句。

Who is the girl that drove the car?

Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? (5)当先行词既有人又有物。

They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school.

(6)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much, the only, the very, the last, just,

right等修饰。

在下列情况下,一般用which而不that。



which引导的从句只能放在主句之后；

as引导的从句，可放在句首、句中或句尾。



which既可代指先行词，又可代指整个主句的内容。相当于

“and this”

或

“and that”.

译为“这一点”。as只能代指整个主句的内容。常带有“正如”之意，且已形成固定结构: as is known, as is reported, as is said, as is expected, as we know,

etc. as 和which 引导非限制性定语从句的区别

(1) 紧跟介词作宾语

Those are many trees under which they can have a rest. (2) 在非限制性定语从句中

Football, which is a very popular game, is played all over the world. (3) 作定语

He may be late, in which case, we should wait for him. 1. Einstein, as is known, is a famous scientist. 2. As is reported,

China has become an important country in the world. 3. Taiwan belongs to China, as is known to all. 4. Bamboo is hollow, which makes it very light. 5. He didn’t come to attend the meeting, as is expected. 3. as在从句中作主语，从句中的谓语必须是系动词；而which则不一定。

He is very strict, as is shown in his work. 4. 先行词前有the same, such限定时，关系词只能用as.

I have the same opinion as you (have).

Don’t read such books as are beyond your ability. 当先行词受the same 修饰时，有时也用

that引导定语从句，但与as引导的定语从句意思有区别。

She wore the same dress as her younger sister wore. She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary’s wedding.

关系副词的用法

when where why

when在定语从句中作时间状语，先行词往往是表示时间的名词。相当于介词+which 若定语从句缺主语或宾语，需用which或that引导定语从句。

I’ll never forget the day when I joined the league.

on which I’ll never forget the time which/that was spent with you. This is the house where I lived two years ago.

指代内容

时间

地点

原因

所做成分

状语

状语

状语

是否可省略

否

否

否

in which The library (which/that) you visited yesterday was built in 1990 . where 引导的定语从句也可以修饰case, condition, situation, instance, 等先行词。

There are cases where this rule does not hold good. Can you think of a situation where this word can be used? why在定语从句中作原因状语，常位于reason之后，相当于for which。

Do you know the reason why she was late. The reason why / for which he refused the invitation is quite clear.

the reason why…is that…

……的原因是……

The reason why he resigned was that he quarreled with his boss. 

在the reason why …结构中，why 引导定语从句，它也可以换为for which或者省略。在从句中作原因状语。



如果关系代词指代先行词reason在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等时，则用that或which。



3. the reason is that…结构中，只能用that引导表语从句，不要受汉语的影响，误用because。

1－1.用which或that填空

①The house

I would like to buy is not for sale. ②Thank you for the help

you have given me. ③The bike

my uncle gave me was very expensive.

④Is there anything

you don't understand? ⑤This is the only thing

has ever been built. ⑥The monument was the first place

they went to visit while they were in China. ⑦Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for

you asked. 8.The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those ___ lives were affected. 9.She still remembers the days ______ she was a middle school student. 10.There are several reasons _______ we can't do that. 11.This is the mountain village _______ I stayed last year. 12.Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment ____ they live. 13.There is no simple answer, ________ is often the case in science. 14．Bears often hide themselves in places ________ can't be found by hunters. 15．Many young people can't live without the Internet, _____ they depend on for whatever information they need. 16．That tree, _____ branches are almost bare, is a very old one. 17.Australia is one of the few countries _____ people drive on the left. 18.I shall never forget those years ____ I lived in the country with the farmers, ______ has a great effect on my life.

19.The English play ___ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.