Learning about Language课堂实录【3】

Unit 3 Inventors and inventions Grammar Teaching goals 教学目标

1. Target language目标语言

a. 重点词汇和短语

committee, bear, jam, mess, expectation, embarrasses, traffic jam, set about, take up b. 重点句子

So nothing went according to plan and that is why... The twin sisters are so much alike that... The weather upset... so much that... When I watch..., I feel as if... 2. Ability goals能力目标

Enable the students to use the past participle as the attribute, predicative and object complement.

3. Learning ability goals学能目标

Help the students learn how to use the past participle as the attribute, predicative and object complement. Teaching important & difficult points教学重难点

How to use the past participle as the attribute, predicative and object complement. Teaching methods 教学方法

Individual work and practice. Teaching aids教具准备

A projector and a blackboard. Teaching procedures & ways教学过程与方式

Step Ⅰ Revision

Check the students’ homework and ask the students to retell the text.

Step Ⅱ Grammar focus T: Now, please look carefully at some examples on the slides and answer some questions below:

Show the following. 1. The Titanic is a sunk ship in the ocean. 2. The book intended as a surprise to him was lost in the mail. 3. He seems moved to tears by the film. 4. If bitten by a snake, you should call for help. 5. We left them caught in the storm. Qs: 1. What’s the function of the words in bold?

2. What kind of voice do they have? Why? 3. What part of speech does each of them have? 4. What’s the difference between the structures of the first two sentences? Can you rewrite them in the attributive clause? T: Now, please talk with your partner and then we will deal with the questions one by one. Step Ⅲ Discovering useful structures T: First I’d like you to look at the example and talk about the part of speech of the past participle and then look through the text and find out three more sentences used in this way. I’ll give you three minutes. Then we’ll check the answers together.

过去分词作定语、表语、宾补

过去分词作定语

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一般来说，单个的过去分词作定语时放在被修饰的词之前，过去分词短语作定语时放在被修饰的词之后。如：

The old man is an honoured guest.

这位老人是一位贵宾。

Most of the people invited to the conference were my old friends. 大多数被邀请参加会议的人都是我的老朋友。

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如果单个的过去分词所修饰的词是代词those或是由some / any / no / every + thing / body / one所构成的不定代词时，通常过去分词要放在被修饰的词之后。如：

There is almost nothing changed since I left the town two years ago.

自从我两年前离开以来，这个镇几乎没有什么变化。

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一般来说，A)及物动词的过去分词作定语时，表示一个被动的、已完成的动作；B)不及物动词的过去分词作定语时，只表示完成，不表示被动意义。如：

A) a damaged bridge一座被毁坏的桥

polluted air and water 被污染的空气和水

B) fallen leaves 落叶

a retired teacher 一位退休的教师

过去分词作表语

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过去分词作表语时，表示主语的特点或所处的状态，其前可有quite, very, rather等修饰词。如：

When he came to the door of his house, he found the door was locked. 当他到达家门口的时候，他发现门是锁着的。

He seemed quite delighted at the idea. 听了这想法他似乎很高兴。

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过去分词作表语时，系动词除了是be之外，还可以是appear, feel, remain, seem, look, sound, get, become等。如：

He appeared very satisfied with the result of the exam. 他好像对这次考试结果很满意。

The children looked very puzzled when they heard what the teacher said just now. 孩子们听了老师刚才讲的话看起来很困惑。

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作表语的过去分词主要来自及物动词, 少数不及物动词(如go, come等)的过去分词作表语时, 不表示被动意义, 只表示动作的完成。如:

They are gone for vacation. 他们度假去了。

过去分词作宾语补足语

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过去分词作宾语补足语，所表示的动作和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系。如：

You should raise your voice to make yourself heard. 你应该大声点，以便让别人听见。

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跟过去分词作宾语补足语的词可以是表示感觉或思维活动的动词（短语），如：see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, find, feel, think, consider等。如：

When he returned, he found his room thoroughly cleaned.

他回来的时候，发现自己的房间已被彻底打扫了。

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跟过去分词作宾语补足语的词可以是表示“致使”意义的动词，如：have, make, get, keep, leave等。如：

He couldn’t keep his eyes shut to all this.

他不能对这一切视而不见。

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跟过去分词作宾语补足语的词可以是表示“爱憎”、“要求”、“意愿”等意义的动词，如：like, hate, order, want, wish, expect等。如：

I wish my homework finished before five o’clock.

我希望五点前完成我的作业。

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除了动词外，介词with也可跟过去分词作宾语补足语。如：

The great writer died with his works unfinished.

这位伟大的作家去世时，他的著作还没有完成。

Step Ⅳ Practice

从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. —Can those _____ at the back of the classroom hear me?

—No problem.（福建2008）

A. seat

B. sit

C. seated

D. sat 2. We finished the run in less than half the time _____. （江西2008）

A. allowing

B. to allow C. allowed

D. allows 3. Please remain _____; the winner of the prize will be announced soon. (辽宁2008) A. seating

C. to seat

B. seated

D. to be seated 4. To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English _____ as much as we can.（江苏2008）

A. speakB. speaking C. spoken

D. to speak 5. It is one of the funniest things _____ on the Internet so far this year.

（浙江2008）

A. finding

C. to find

B. being found

D. found 6. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _____, he gladly accepted

it．

(安徽2007) A．finished

B．finishing

D．was finished

C．having finished

1-3 CCB

4-6 CDA Step Ⅴ Homework Ask the students to do the following.

1. Finish the exercises on grammar in this unit. 2. Preview the reading materials in Using Language .