Grammarppt课件教学实录

虚拟语气(Ⅱ) 一、

虚拟语气用在名词性从句中

1．主语从句中的虚拟语气

在it is＋形容词(名词，过去分词)＋that＋主语＋should＋动词原形(should可以省略)这种结构中。

①常见的这类形容词有：advisable, anxious, better, desirable, surprising, natural, necessary, strange, important, regretful. ②常见的这类过去分词有：decided, demanded, recommended, requested, desired, required, ordered, suggested. ③常见的这类名词有：duty, pity, no surprise, no wonder, regret, shame. It was suggested that he(should)join the club activities. It is strange (surprising, disappointing) that she (should) not have been invited. It is a pity that he (should) refuse to accept the offer. 2．宾语从句中的虚拟语气

①wish 后面所跟宾语从句谓语动词用虚拟语气(意为要是，但愿……就好了)，其形式主要有三种，上模块已做讲述。

②

在表示建议，命令，要求等动词后的从句要用(should)＋动词原形。此类动词有：suggest, advise, propose, demand, require, insist(要求), order, prefer, command, ask, request. The teacher ordered that all the books (should) be handed in on time. 当suggest表示“暗示，说明”之意；insist表示“坚持认为，坚持说”之意时，从句不用虚拟，用正常的陈述语气。

The man insisted that he had never stolen the money. The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with life. 3．表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气

在表示建议，命令，要求的名词后的表语从句或同位语从句中的谓语动词要用(should)＋动词原形。常见名词有：advice, desire, request, demand, proposal, suggestion, preference, requirement, order. He gave orders that the guests (should) be hospital entertained. His proposal is that we (should) get rid of the bad habits. 二、虚拟语气在其他情况中的使用

1．在as if/ as though引导的状语从句中，若从句与事实相反，则要用虚拟语气。其形式如下：

主句＋as if/ though ＋主语＋一般过去时(从句的动作与主句同时发生) 主句＋as if/ though ＋主语＋would/could＋动词原形(从句的动作相对主句来说在将来发生) 主句＋as if/ though ＋主语＋过去完成时(从句的动作先发生于主句动作之前) He talks as if he knew all about it. She speaks English well as if he had studied in America. He learns English so hard as if he would go abroad. as if/as though引导表语从句表示与事实相反的情况时也用虚拟语气。

It looked as if she had seen a ghost It seems as though it were spring already. 2．在it is (high) time that …句型中也用虚拟语气，从句常用过去式，有时也用should ＋动词原形，表示早该做而没做的事，含建议的意味。

It is time that we went home. 此句型中，注意与It/This is the ＋序数词＋time that＋现在完成式的区别。

This is the first time that I have been here. 3．would rather后接动词原形，但接从句时要用虚拟语气(宁愿，但愿)。

Would rather ＋主语＋一般过去时(表示与现在或将来相反) Would rather ＋主语＋过去完成时(表示与过去相反) I'd rather he didn't go now. I'd rather you hadn't done it. 4．if only后接从句也用虚拟语气，其形式与wish的用法一致。

5．动词hope, intend, mean, plan, want, think等词用过去完成的形式，表示的意思为“本想，本打算，本认为”。

He had meant to buy the furniture last week, but it rained.他上周本打算去买那件家具，但却下雨了。

6．用于引导的感叹句中

如果我是一只鸟该多好啊！

If only I were a flying bird! 如果我看到那部电影该多好啊！

If only I had seen the film! 7．用于“May ＋主语＋动词原形”表示祝愿。

May you succeed! May you be happy!