Learning about Language教案2

Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors Learning about Language 林瑞

教学目标：让学生巩固本单元的相关知识点。

学习目标：学生能够基本掌握相关词汇和知识点并且灵活运用。

重难点：现在完成时的用法的理解。

教学步骤：

一、基础巩固

Ⅰ.高频单词思忆

1.The discovery of oil is of great __________(意义) to the country’s economy. 2.________________ (不知怎么地)the thieves had managed to get in through a tiny bathroom window. 3.The mayor__________(称赞) the fireman’s bravery in his speech. 4.He was __________(逮捕) for stealing a car. 5.I am afraid I have no ____________________ (选择余

地) but to report you to the police. 6.He is very______________________(有条理的) in all he does. 7.It is generally a______________________ that stress is caused by too much work. 8.The house was always m_____________ . 9.She took a mouthful of food and then suddenly s_____________ it out. 10.A hedge forms the d________________between their land and ours. Ⅱ.重点词语再现

1.______________________ 向前看；为将来打算

2.___________________________ 追溯到……

3. _________________________受够了；厌烦；饱受

4.______________________切碎

5. _____________________至多

6. ________________________ 不管，不顾

7. 因……而逮捕某__________________人

8. __________________________欣慰地

9. _______________________以……为骄傲

10. _____________________向某人求助

Ⅲ.典型句式运用

1.We have been excavating layers of ash almost six metres thick,which suggests that they might have kept the fire burning all winter.我们一直在挖掘一层层的积灰，几乎有六米厚。这意味着他们可能整个冬天都在烧火。

（1）句中suggest的含义是“ ”。

（2）“must have+过去分词”用来表示对过去某种情况的推测，可能性较大，意为“

”，只用于 ，在疑问句或否定句中常用can/could代替。

2.It seems that they used the sharpened stone tools to cut up animals and remove their skin.看起来似乎是他们用尖利的石头工具来切割动物并剥去它们的皮毛。

It seems (to sb.) that/as if...意为： ,as if后边可

用 语气。

seem to be/like+n.... 似乎……，好像…… seem to be doing sth./to have done sth. 好像正在做/已经做了某事

seem (to be)+n./adj.似乎是……

There seems to be...好像有……

3.She had almost reached her destination when a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped.快到达目的地的时候，一阵香气扑鼻，她不往前走了，停了下来。句中“had done...when...”是一个常用句型，意为“

”。

when表示“就在那时”意义时，常见句式及意

义如下：

4.That (The fire) would have kept 饭，还可以用火来吓跑野兽。them warm, cooked the food and scared wild beasts away as well.他们用火来取暖、做饭,还可以用火来吓跑野兽。would表示猜测，意为：“ ”，用于虚拟语气。

would,used to都表示过去习惯性的动作。

would不涉及与现在情况的对比，常带有浓厚的

感情色彩。

used to表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但这种

习惯现在已不存在了。

二、语法讲解

1、现在完成时的构成:主语 + have/has + 过去分词

(过去分词:规则动词的过去分词构成与动词过去式相同;不规则动词需要特殊记忆。

eg .I have taught English in this school since 1999. 2否定式:主语 + haven’t/hasn’t + 过去分词。

疑问式: Have /Has + 主语 + 过去分词?

简略答语: Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定) No, 主语 + haven’t/hasn’t.(否定) —Have you finished your work? — Yes,I have. 3 现在完成时的含义之一表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，

常与already/yet，just，never/ever，before, so far等连用。这些标志词可以表达这种含义.

He has got to Beijing so far. She has passed the exam so far. 4、现在完成时含义之二表示过去已经开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态。常与for, since, how long, these days等连用。

Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984. He’s learned about 5,000 English words since he went to college.

My uncle has worked at this factory since five years ago. We have known each other for twenty years. I haven’t seen her for a long time. 5、句式：It is/has been ＋一段时间＋since从句（用一般过去时）

It is /has been ten years since she left. 6、have been in, have been to 与have gone to 的用法

⑴have(has) been in 表示“在某地呆多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：since, for, how long 等。例如：

Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. ▲此外还有这些搭配：have been here (there) /at home (school) /on the farm

have been here (there) / abroad ⑵have(has)been to表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了。可与just, ever, never等连用，

I have just been to the post office. Mary has never been to the Great Wall. Have you ever been to Hangzhou? ▲have(has) been to 后面可接次数，表示去过某地几次。：

I have been to Beijing three times.。

They have been to that village several times. ⑶have(has) gone to 意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。

----Where is Tom? ----He has gone to the bookshop.。

7、现在完成时与一般过去时的用法比较

⑴现在完成时表示过去的动作一直延续到现在甚至会继续下去或表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响；一般过去时表示动作发生的时间在过去。试比较：

The plane has arrived . 飞机已经来了。（说明现在的情况：飞机在这儿）

The plane arrived a quarter ago. 飞机是一刻中以前来的。（强调动作发生的时间在过去）

I have taught here for fifteen years. 我在这儿已经教了十五年。（表示十五年前的动作一直延续到现在，还可能会继续。）

I taught here for a year. 我过去在这儿教过一年。（表示“我”现在已经不在这儿任教了）

⑵When常与一般过去时连用，How long常与与现在完成时连用

When did you come to Beijing? How long have you been in Beijing?

三、习题巩固

1. China sent up Shenzhou V manned spaceship into space successfully, which shows science and technology ________ rapidly in China. A. have been developing B. develops C. is developing D. had developed 2.

Mrs. White became a teacher in 1985. She ______ for twenty years by next summer. A.

will teach B. would have taught C. has been teaching D. will have been teaching 3. --Hi, Tracy, you look tired. --I am tired. I _________ the living room all day. A. painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted 4. The two friends ________ on the Internet for three hours, and they would go on till the next morning. A. had been chatting B. had chatted C. were chatting D. have been chatting