Learning about Language教学设计(第二课时)

Unit 3

Inventors and inventions 灵武一中李晓瑜

I．教学内容分析

本单元的中心话题是“发明家与发明”，具体涉及“发明与发现的区别”、“发明产生的过程”和“申请发明专利的条件”。语言技能和语言知识都是围绕“发明”这一中心话题设计的。只要人类在地球上生存起，发明就是人类生活的一部分。每一项发明都是每一个人在解决问题和应某种特别的需求，经过不断的科学实验的结果。因此发明和发明家不是新东西，只要大家勤于思考、发挥想象力和创造力去解决问题，就可能有所发明。 Warming Up部分提供了一些图片，要求通过小组讨论弄清“发明”和“发现”的区别。因为这部分的问题很有趣且具富有挑战性，所以能调动学生讨论的积极性，达到热身的效果。

Pre-reading部分让学生了解发明家为了让其发明得到认可所必须通过的六个重要的程序，让学生意识到发明和科学过程之间的联系。

Reading部分是一篇记叙文。故事讲的是一个女孩如何通过多次尝试最后成功地把在她母亲家院子里安家的一窝蛇捉住并放归大自然，她的捕蛇技术申请了发明专利。学习这篇短文，让学生更进一步了解发明的六个重要程序并说明发明不一定是非常重要的东西，有时它们是一些细小的解决问题的方法。

Learning about Language部分突出了词汇和语法的学习与训练。本单元的语法是理解和掌握过去分词做定语、表语和宾语补足语的用法。

Using Language部分包括了听、读、写三个部分的内容，阅读和听力材料分别介绍了电话发明家亚力山大·贝尔以及当今英国发明家詹姆斯·戴森的故事。通过描述亚力山大·贝尔为什么和怎样最终完成了他的最著名的发明：电话。学生可从中了解一个真正的发明家发明的过程。并通过操练打电话和写求职信进一步训练学生读和写的能力。

Learning Tip部分告诉学生不要害怕失败。成功的发明家往往要经历很多次实验的失败。然而如果继续犯同样的错误，那明显是错误的，因此，提醒学生要注意这一点。

II．教学重点和难点

1. 教学重点

(1) 本单元的生词和短语；

(2) 掌握运用过去分词做定语、表语和宾语补足语的用法；

(3) 培养学生学会思考，发挥学生的想象力；激励学生求知欲和学习兴趣；

(4) 进一步熟悉打电话用语和书信格式，并懂得如何写求职信。

2. 教学难点

(1)

了解科学发现与发明创造的区别，以及发明产生的过程和专利认定的标准；

（2）如何写求职信。

III．教学计划

本单元建议分七课时：

第一、二课时：Warming Up Pre-reading, Reading & Comprehending

第三课时：Learning about Language & Using Words and Expressions 第四课时

Grammar 第五课时：Using Language, Reading task (Workbook)

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第六课时：Listening 第七课时：Speaking &Writing

Period 3

Learning about Language (1) Teaching Goals:

1. To enable Ss to master key phrases and expressions 2. To enable Ss to learn how to use these words and expressions Teaching Procedures:

Step 1. Language study Purpose: To train Ss’ listening ability and language capacity. 1. Ask Ss to read the text and match Column A with Column B. Column A Column B (1) upset

A. standard of judgment (2)

distinguish B. substance that has been crushed, rubbed, or worn to dust (3) powders C. having force in law (4) approach D. trouble; cause( sb )to be disturbed (5) abruptly E. make (oneself) well known; see or recognize the difference (6) valid F. way; path, road (7) criteria G. suddenly; unexpectedly Suggested Answers: (1) D (2) E (3) B (4) F (5) G (6) C (7) A 2. Ss are divided into small groups and have a discussion. Find out difficult words and expressions and write the words and expressions found on a piece of paper.

3. Get students to

display their papers by projector, and tick out the most useful words and expressions.

call up

now and then

get rid of

set about

at the same time

according to

in addition

be different from

fill in

file sth with sb

4．Explain some important sentences (1) Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by inventing something that would catch snakes but not harm them. (2) The first thing I tried to do was to see if there were Products that might help me, but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes.. (3) Only after you have had that recognition can you say that you are truly an inventor.

(4) The criteria are so strict that it is difficult for new ideas to be accepted unless they are truly novel (5) Nor will you receive a patent until a search has been made to find out that your product really is different from everybody else`s.

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5. Explain some important points (1) call up : ring up打电话，使…回忆起

call back召唤某人回来；再访；回电话

call for

需要，要求，接（人或物）

call in

邀请；请来

call on

拜访（人）；

call at 拜访（某地）

call off

取消

Ask Ss to use the above phrases to fill in the following blanks: ①

Let’s go to the meeting together ,and I’ll ______you.

A. call on

B. call at

C. call up

D. call for ②

The football match was ________ on account of the weather.

A. call back

B. call off

C. call in

D. call for

③

As soon as he got home, he________ Mr wang.

A. call on

B. call at

C. call up

D. call for ④

The old photo_________ memories of his childhood. A. call in

B. call at

C. call up

D. call for

Suggested Answers: ①A

②B ③

C ④ C (2) now and then :sometimes; at times; from time to time; once a while时而；不时

I see films now and then, but not often. I like to go on a trip now and then.(3)

distinguish vt. & vi. ①

辨别；辨认

In spite of the haze he can distinguish the hill fairly. ②

（常与from, between连用）区别；区分

你能区分那两个物体吗？

Can you distinguish between those two objects 应当教育孩子分辨好坏。Children should be taught to distinguish right from wrong ③

distinguish oneself 使杰出；使显出特色

这个人因智慧而扬名。

The man

distinguish himself by his wisdom

(4) sleepy 指具有“瞌睡的”，“困乏的”，“贪睡的”，一般用作表语

sleep 睡着的，入睡的，一般放在名词前用作定语，强调睡着不动的状态，可能睡着了，也可能没有。 Asleep 睡着的，睡熟的

该词的意思是fall asleep,表示入睡，表示睡着的状态，一般用作表语，有时也可作补语。

Ask Ss to use the above phrases to fill in the following blanks: ① He was fast ________that I couldn`t wake him up. ② The _______ man is like the dead. ③ The child was so ______; his head was nodding. Suggested Answers: ① asleep ② sleeping ③

sleepy (5) abruptly adv.突然地，唐突地

●

拓展：abrupt adj.突然的；意外的

The road is full of abrupt turns. 这路有很多急转弯。

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The meeting came to an abrupt. 这会议突然结束了。

Our discussion was abruptly

curtailed.

我们的讨论突然给缩短了。

(6) convenient

adj. 便利的，方便的 (不能用人作主语)

Will 5

o’clock be convenient for you?三点钟对你方便吗？

I think it is not convenient for you right now.我想这个时候见你恐怕不大合适。

(7) in the expectation that :in expectation of 预料要/会有。。。

They closed the windows in expectation of rain.预料会下雨，他们关上了窗户。

(8) Only 倒装句型

only 修饰状语，置于句首时，主句要部分倒装；

如果only 修饰句子的主语，则不用倒装。

Only in this way can you solve the problem. Only then did he realize his mistakes. Only when the war was over, did I return to my hometown. (9) Nor, not never, seldom, hardly, neither, little 等否定词置于句首，表示强调也引起倒装。

Nor was this all, and this was not all. Never have I been to Beijing. Step 2. Consolidation

Purpose: To consolidate the words and phrases in the text.

1. Ask Ss to finish Ex1 and ex2 of Discovering useful words and expressions on P23. 2. Ask Ss to finish Ex1 of Using Words And Expressions on P63 and then check the

answers in pairs.

3. Ask Ss to fill in the brackets to complete the passage below, and then ask some Ss to present their answers. Sewing Machine Thomas Saint patented his idea for a sewing machine in London in 1790, __(1)___ (连词) the idea was not used. Then a German patented his idea for_(2)_____(冠词) sewing machine in 1810, but again nobody was _(3)_____(interest ) in it. In 1829 a poor tailor in Paris, Barthelemy Thimonnier, invented a machine _(4)_____(关系词) worked, and made eight of them. As his prices were cheap, he was given a big order _(5)____(介词) army uniforms. __(6)_____(副词)，

other tailors broke all eight machines. Thimonnier lost the order but continued to improve his design.He made a new machine in 1848 and this was destroyed too!

Then the story continued in the U.S.A . Various machine were patented there in _(7)______(冠词) 1850s,but one machine is known everywhere now: the Singer. Its inventor was I.M Singer, a German immigrant ,and his companies. Then in 1865 they were sold for at-home use,

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the first complex _(8)_______(machine)for making things at home. This time the machine was accepted by everyone and the design was not improved for many years, since it was very goood

Suggested Answers: (1) but (2) a (3)

interested (4) that/which (5) for (6) However

(7) the (8) machines

Step 3. Homework 1.

Ask Ss to review all the language points in this period. 2.

Ask Ss to preview the next period.

Period 4

Learning about Language (2) Teaching Goals: 1.To get Ss to have knowledge of this grammar point: the past participle used as attribute, predicative and object complement. 2. To enable Ss to know the differences between the past participle and v–ing form Teaching Procedures: Step 1. Presentation Introduce information about some inventions and discoveries using sentences in passive participle. Guide Ss to say the words which are highlighted .Show some related pictures. 1.This is the telephone designed in the early time.

2.Stephenson’s “Rocket”

was the engine

designed

for the railways by George Stephenson

3.

The structure of DNA

was a discovery of Francis Crick and James Watson

published in 1953.

4. The colour television invented in 1940 made our life more colorful. 5. I was excited at the new invention. 6. His new invention made all of us surprised. Step 2. Individual work Get Ss to find out the past participle used as attribute, predicative and object complement in the reading text. Part1 Line 1: When I called up my mother in the countryside on the telephone she was very upset. Part2 Line 1: The first thing I tried to do was to see if there were Products that might help me, but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes.. Part4 Line 1: I placed the frozen bowl over the snakes habitat and the ice-cubes on top of the bowl from the machine. Part6 Line 1: The next morning I carried in my hand a small net used for catching fish. Step 3. Grammar point

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Purpose: To get Ss to know about the past participle.

1. Get Ss to complete the sentences and know about the past participle

(1) The (.破损的碗)will be

thrown at once..= The bottle which was broken will be will be thrown at once.. (2) The books_

last week

(上周买的书 )are of high quality. = the books which were bought yesterday are of high quality.。

(3) I’m interested in reading novels

by luxun (.鲁迅写的). (4) (污染的)air and water are harmful to people’s health.

(5) The problem （在会议上讨论的）yesterday was very difficult to solve.

(6) He _ (很兴奋)when he heard he had won the first place in the English –spoken contest.

(7) He found

(他的家乡变了很多)(8) What made (这只狗这样害怕)?

(9) He won’t like such questions

(在会上讨论). (10) The manager won`t want (一大笔钱浪费掉).

Suggested Answers: (1) broken bowl (2) bought

(3) written. (4) Polluted (5) discussed at the meeting (6) became excited_

(7) his hometown greatly changed(8) the dog so frightened

(9) discussed at the meeting (10) a lot of money wasted 2. Explain the grammar point for Ss. (1) 过去分词做定语：表示分词动作与所修饰的名词之间存在被动关系。单一的过去分词做定语一般防在被修饰的名词之前；过去分词短语做定语放在被修饰的名词之后，过去分词及过去分词短语做定语均可以转换为一个定语从句。

(2) 过去分词作表语：

过去分词做表语，表示主语的状态，且该状态通常是由外界因素引起的。这时过去分词可以被看作一个形容词，是形容词化的过去分词

(3) 过去分词作宾语补足语：

做宾语补足语的过去分词一般是及物动词，和宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。可以带过去分词做宾语补足语的动词有：

①

see, hear, watch, feel, think, find等表示感觉和心理状态的动词。

②

make, get, have ,help, leave等表示“致使”意义的动词。

③

like, want, wish, order 等表示“希望，要求” 等意义的动词。

3.Practice Purpose : To get Ss to know how to use the past participle through exercises

(1) Ask Ss to finish Ex1, Ex2 and Ex3 on P24 and check the answers in pairs. (2) Ask Ss to finish Ex1 and Ex2 on P65 and check the answers in pairs. (3) Get Ss to choose the best answers to the following sentences.

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①

He spoke so loud that he made himself

______

A.

understand

B. understanding

C. to understand

D. understood ②

---- There is a hole in your shirt. ---- I know. I’m going to have it ________.

A.

mend

B. mending

C. mended

D. to be mended

③

As we joined the big crowd I got ______from my friends.

A. separated B. separating C. lost D. missing ④

English is a language ____ all around the world and is the _____ language of most international organizations. A.

to speak, working

B. spoken , working

C. speaking, worked

D. spoken, worked

⑤

Price of daily goods ______through a computer can be lower than store prices. A: are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying

⑥

Mr.Smith , _______of the ________speech, started to read a novel.

A .tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring ⑦

The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain ______as the plane was making a landing .

A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating ⑧

How to feed a ____ population is a problem that is _____many countries. A.

growing, troubling

B. grown, troubled

C. growing, troubled

D. grown, troubling ⑨

He found a book

_____ with the owner’s name_____ on the desk with the back cover _____ off. A.

marking,

lying, torn

B. marked, lying, torn C. marked, laid, tearing

D. marking, laying, tearing

⑩

Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage _______the girl and took her away, ______into the woods. A. seizing; disappeared B. seized; disappeared C. seizing; disappearing D. seized; disappearing Suggested Answers: ①

D ②

C

③

A

④

B ⑤

B

⑥

A

⑦

C

⑧

A

⑨

B

⑩

D

Ask Ss to preview the next unit.

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