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Book8 Unit2

Cloning

整体阅读

基础知识导学

单词：

1.exact adj.

adv.__________确切地

2.complicated adj.

(反义)______ 3.correction n.

Vt._______改正

4.medium n.

(pl)____________ 5.regulation n.规则

adj.__________________有规则的，定期的

6.popular adj.

n. _________________________受人喜爱，流行

7.mere adj.

adv.__________仅，只，不过

8.fairly adv.

adj._________公平的

Keys: exactly

straightforward

correct

media

regular

popularity

Merely

fair

短语：

1.得到好结果;取得成功_____________2.沮丧，不愉快__________________ 3.支持，赞成____________________ 4.be bound to do_________________

5.strike…..into one’s heart ________________________ 6.不时，偶尔____________________7.使复活，使复生_________________ Keys: 1.pay of 2.cast down 3.(be) in favor of

4. 一定/注定做……

5.使…...刻骨铭心

6 from time to time 7. bring back to life II.

课文理解

（I）．

Skim para1.and para.2 to answer the following questions. 1.

What is the meaning of “clone”? ___________________________________________________________________________________ 2.

Is cloning plants straightforward or complicated? ______________________________ 3.

Is cloning plants an example of natural clones? _____________________. Keys:1.It’s a way of making an exact copy of another animal or plant.

2. It is straightforward.

3. Yes. （II）.Read the text and give the correct answer to each one. 1. Cloning has _________major uses. A．one

B. two

C .three

D many 2. Which of the following belongs to natural clones? A. Dolly the sheepB The cloned mice C. Twins identical in sex and appearance

3.When was Dolly the sheep cloned successfully? A. in 1996

B in 1997

C 1990

4.Dolly the sheep died when she was _____________ A. six years old

B. six and a half years

C

twelve years old

5. Dolly the sheep __________. A. looked exactly like the sheep that provides the egg B. was the exact copy the sheep that provides the nucleus C. looked like the sheep that gave birth to it D. had the characteristics of all three sheep 6.It can be inferred from the passage that a cloned animal______ A. usually lives as long as the original one

B. usually lives longer than the original one

C. usually dies earlier than the original one

D. is usually as healthy as the original one

7.Which of the following is not an advantage of cloning? A. Cloning can be used for medical purposes B. Large quantities of food can be produced by cloning C. Cloning can help keep animals from becoming extinct D. Famous persons who have passed away can be cloned 8.Which of the following is wrong? A. Cloned people would live forever B. Cloned people may be killed at will for medical aid. C. A woman would have difficulty recognizing her real husband D. Men will die out because a woman can give birth to a baby without a husband Keys: BCAB

BCDD (III).According to the text and decide if it is true or false.(T/F) 1.Cloning means making a copy of an animal or a plant(

) 2. Gardeners can make a lot of money by cloning plants(

) 3. Cloning animals is as complicated as cloning plants.(

) 4. Dolly the sheep was the successful clone of a mammal(

) 5. Natural clones happen in animals as well as in plants(

) Keys:FTFTT III. 课后作业：

Recite the text by your own words

选修8

U2

Reading 知识点（1）

一课前预习

1 an exact copy

完全相同的复制品

2 take cuttings

剪下枝条

3 identical in sex and appearance

性别和相貌相同4 the same original egg

同一个原生卵子

5 natural clones 自然克隆产物

6大量供商用的植物

commercial quantities of plant 7 难以完成的任务

a difficult task to undertake 8决心和耐心得到回报determination and patience pay of 9对新植物物种研究是很有价值的

It is valuable for research on new plant species 10 female sheep A

母羊A

11 be cast down

感到沮丧

12. an egg cell

卵细胞

13. Nucleus

细胞核

14. a somatic cell

躯干细胞

15. gene

基因

16. embryo

胚胎

17. Carrier

携带者

18. Lamb小羊羔

二知识点

1. clone

n. [c] 克隆的产物

vt 克隆

(1) Dolly the sheep is a _______. (2)

_______ plants is straightforward. (3) Dolly is a ______ sheep

2. differ

1.vi.

相异；有区别；不同于

n._____ adj. ______

A differ from B in sth

Leaves are found on all kinds of trees, but they differ greatly ____ size and shape.

(上海

2007)

A. on

B. from

C. by

D. in

.differ with/from sb on/about sth在某事上不同意某人

I have to differ with/from you on that. 用适当的介词填空

(1) I’m sorry to differ ____ you _______ the matter. (2) The customs here differ ____ those of the south. (3) The two girls differ __ language. (4) There are many differences ________ living in the city and living in the countryside. 3

exact

adj. 确切的，精确的

exactly

adv.确切地，正是；恰好

I want to know the

_____time. Their answers are

_______the same.

That's ______ what I expected. 4

identical

adj. （常与with/to连用）

1) 完全相同的My opinion __________________我的意见和他的相同。

2）identical

还有“同一的、同样的”

的意思This is the identical hotel that we stayed in

last year. 5

undertake(undertake-undertook-undertaken) v. 承担,从事（使命，任务，工程项目等）；着手做某事(do)；答应，同意（常与to do连用）

1) They undertook an important project last

year. 2) She undertook to pay back the money

within three months. 6. pay off

vi

取得成功，得到回报

be successful

偿清

约翰在考试前的努力学习没有白费, 他得了个A。

Joh’s hard work before the examination paid off. He made an A. Did you plan pay off?

你的计划成功了吗？

All his debt was paid off with cash.他所有的债务都是用现金付清的。

pay (sb) back sth

pay for sth

用pay 相关短评的适当形式完成句子

(1) I’ll ___________ (还你钱) next month. (2) You must ______ ( 为……付出代价) your rude words. (3) _________________ (他努力没有白费)用

when the manager accepted his proposal. (4) She ____ 200 yuan ___ (付……的钱) Tom’s bike. (

) －Mom, I can’t see any point in working hard at all the subjects at school.

－Come on, dear. Years of hard work will surely _____ in the future of your career. A. make sure

B. pay off

C. bring back

D. pay back 7 breakthrough

取得进展/突破

8 Then came the disturbing news that …复习：以there, here, now, then, up, down, in. out,Away, off等开头的句子，

谓语动词常为be, come, go等，要用全倒装。如果主语是人称代词则不用倒装。

disturbing adj. _______

disturbed

adj.________

disturb_________

vt.

1 )The things on my desk _________just now.

A. disturb

B. are disturbed

C. disturbed

D. were disturbed

2.) The _____ news made him sad.

A. disturb

B. Disturbing

C. disturbed

D. is disturbing

3.) Iraq is in a ______________ state. 4.) We are ________________ about Mary.

5.) Don’t _________________ the books.

6.) What __________________news this is! 9

be cast down（by sth）因…沮丧，不愉快

Don’t be so cast down. Just keep up your spirits.不要这么沮丧, 打起精神来！

(1) 听到这个消息他很沮丧。

______________________He was cast down to hear the news._____________

10 altogether

adv

There are

.总共有5人

He's

(他全然不知道该怎么做）

all together

全体一起，同时在一起

11 …Dolly’s appearance raised a storm of objections…

用rise, raise, arise, arouse 的相关形式填空：

1 Prices have _______steadily during the past

decade. 2. He ____________his arms above his head. 3. Accidents ____________from carelessness. 4. The speaker tried to __________the public. 5. When I started off, the sun was___________.

6. I was _________by the sound of the alarm. 7. They __________glasses to the friendship

between the two peoples.

(2) object

vi（to

是介词）

反对

I )object to such treatment . He strongly objects to getting up that early 12

使某人明了。。，对。。。开了眼界

His story about teaching in the rural district

他在山村教学的经历帮助我们了解了乡村的生活

13

obtain

vt. 获得，取得，买到，借到，使得到，带来

（一般用于正式问题）

Meanwhile you will obtain a lot of information.

She obtained her doctor’s degree in 1996.

I haven't been able to obtain that book. 14

attain

vt 获得，到达（水平，年龄，状况）

He finally attained a position of power.

achieve 多指成就，目标，幸福的取得

15 forbid vt. 禁止，

不准，

不许

forbade

/ for.bad---

forbidden--

bidding，

doing sth.

forbid

sb. doing sth.

sb. from doing sth.

sb. to do sth.

that ... We ________ _____________here

我们这里不准拍照。

The teacher forbade_______

_______

the seats.老师禁止我们离开座位

1．People forbid ______ in the room.

A. to smoke

B. smoking

C. smoke

D. smoked 2. –May I use your car?

-No, I _________.

A. forbade you to

B. forbid you to

C. forbid using

D. forbid to using 16

accumulate

He accumulated fortune by hard work.

accumulation

n. 积聚

(1) He quickly

___________ _____ ______ (积蓄了一大笔财富). (2) Clouds began to

__________ __ ___

___ (在天空中聚集) 17. ___________________________adj.道德（上）的；伦理的

raise moral questions ____________________________ 18. ___________________adj.保守的；守旧的

The English are natural conservative.

选修8

U2

Reading 知识点（1）

撰写人鲁艳华

杨清华

审核人

肖群及高二组员

时间2011，6 ，15 1 in favour of 赞成；支持(approve of 赞成，同意)

你赞成这个计划还是反对这个计划？

________________________________________________________________________? 2).In one’s favour 对某人有利

The weather today is in our favour.

________________________ 3).do sb

a favour /do a favour for sb.

帮某人忙

Will you do me a favour?

[考例] My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was ______ it. (陕西2006) A. in favour of

B. in memory of C. in honour of

D. in search of

2

____________adj.必须做的；义务的；强迫的

Which subjects are compulsory in your school?

______________________________________________? Education is compulsory for all children in Britain between the ages of five and sixteen. ___________________________________________________________________________. 3

owe vt. 欠（帐、钱、人情等）；归功于…

搭配：owe sb. sth/owe sth to sb. 欠某人某物；应感谢；归功于

I owe my uncle $100.=I owe____________________________________.

翻译________________________________________________________

I owe my progress to my parents.

___________________________________________________________.

He’s a successful businessman; he____________his success to luck.

A. attaches

B.

adapts

C.

owes

D.fastens 4 shortly adv. 立刻；不久Tom will be back shortly_______________ 5 bother

vt打扰，麻烦，使烦恼

(disturb/interrupt )

vi. 担心，费心

n. 麻烦

bother sb about/with

因为…使某人烦恼

a bother 讨厌的人或事

1) The neighbours were bothered by the noise of the party.

_______________________________ (2) Don’t bother him while he is working.

_______________________________ (3) Did you have much bother finding the address?

_______________________________

Don’t ______

（麻烦)me _________

foolish questions.

Tell the children to stop______

(打扰) their father.

His lazy son is quite ___________ (令人厌烦的人)

I’m sorry to have____________you with too many questions on such an occasion.

A.

interfered

B. offended C.

impressed

D.bothered 6

bound adj. 1）

被束缚的；有义务的；一定的；必定的

be bound to (do) …_________________________

The weather ______________________________get better tomorrow.明天天气一定会变好。

7 assumption

假定；设想

make an assumption做出假设

8 strike ...into one's heart _________________

Strike vi/vi 打，撞击，罢工

Strike the iron while it is hot.

The clock struck twelve ______________

They are striking for higher pay _____________ 9 bring back to life __________ 10 in vain _________

Our efforts

were not________ 11 resist 抵抗，对抗

sth/sb

(doing)sth 12 in good /bad condition______________

My car is old but__________

1 -How would you like your coffee? -___________

A It's well done

B Very nice.Thank you. C One cup.That's enough

D The stronger,the better 2 Regardless of what you say,I won't be___your plan.I think it will cause too much pollution. A on the assumption about B in case of

C in favour of

D in place of 3 They put a lot of hard work into the jobs,and that's really starting to ___now.

A pay off

B pay back

C pay for

D pay out 4 Although the Greens have moved to new neighbourhood,we still see them____

A all the time B at a time

Cat the same time D from time to time 5 I've been learning Japanese,and I find that Chinese___greatly from Japanese in pronunciation.

A ranges

B differs

C changes

D shifts 6 Don't let yourself be____by a small failure in your study;try again.

A turned down B cast down C put down

D made down 7 She couldn't ___crying in joy when the doctor told her it was not cancer.

A hold

B prevent

C resist

D keep 8 Her mother has been dead for two years.She wishes she could__her mother back to life. A bring

B get

C take

Dmake 9 work hard to study useful sentence patterns and you are ____succeed in English. Aanxious to

B dying

to

C eager to

D bound to 10 Many people dream of having cars of their own.However,others strongly___developing private cars

A against

B object to

C prepare for

D long for 11After questioning the man for si hours,the police ___the information they wanted

Aseized

B recovered

C appealed

D obtained 12 Together with the letter was her promise___she would come to see me in May. A which

B that

C as

Dwhether 13There is little doubt__her advice of great value to us. A that

B whether

C why

D when 14 I have no idea__she gets on well with her classmates.

A when

B how

Cthat

Dwhich 15 Don't ___yourself about me;I am doing quite well.A bother

B upset

Cdisturb

D annoy

名词性从句小结

名词性从句包括________

__________

__________

____________ 连接词___ ____

____

连接副词_____ ______ ______

_____

______

连接代词____ _____ ____ _____ _____ ____ _____ _____ ______ 在定语从句中没有_____ 。在定语从句中that 指代____,在句子中____成分，而在名词性从句中，that___词义，_____句子成分，在____可以省略，但是在____ _____ _____ _____

_______省略。Whether 和if的区别：if 不能

___

____

_____ _____

______

______

. Wh...ever用于________ _______而no

matter wh...用语_____ 1 主语从句：包括位于_____的以及it做形式主语，而把真正的主语放在______

(1) It be +_____/_____/_____+从句（名词常见的有time/a pity(shame,wonder,fact)

It is time( that )主语+_________/_____________

It is the first time(that)主语+______/________+_________

It was the first time(that)主语+______/________+_________

It is important/necessary/vital/strange/surpring/natural that主语+_______

It is ordered/suggested/proposed that主语+_______ It+vi+从句

区别一些固定句型

1 It is+被强调部分+that。。。

2 It is/has been +段时间+since+主语+did。。。

3 It was +段时间

before 主语+did。。“。。。之后才。。。”

It was 3days before he went to Beijing. It will be +段时间

before 主语+do/does+…”…之后就会。。。

4 It was+具体的时间+when….

5 It /This +the first/second/last time+(that)主语+has/have done+ 2 表语从句

what he needs

_____ reasonable/money.

______ books.

The reason forwhich/why..... is/was _____....

What .......

is/was _______/____/_________

He got up late.That is______ he didn't go to school. 3 宾语从句

使用_____语序，注意时态问题，当主句是现在或将来时，从句用

_____

；但是主句是过去时，则从句用

_________;

如果从句是事实或客观真理，从句用______. 宾语从句的否定转移（think/believe/guess/suppose) 从句中的否定形式转移到主句，但反意疑问句受_____. 4同位语从句

同位语从句对前面的名词________.定语从句对名词________.同位语从句中that_____成分，而定语从句中它____. 同位语从句可以把名词和从句转换成____

区别It is no wonder that_______

There is no doubt/possibility/sense/point that_____