Learning about Language第二课时教学设计

Book 8

Unit 5

Grammar教学设计

教学目标

Enable students to use the present perfect continuous tense.

教学重点

Help students learn how to use the present perfect continuous tense.

教学难点

How to use the present perfect continuous tense.

教学过程

Step 1

Revision Check the homework exercises.

Step 2

Leading in 用所给动词的适当形式填空

1.

He __________ (get) up at six in the morning. 2.

We __________ (have) a good time yesterday. 3.

They ____________ (not be) free the day after tomorrow. 4.

They ______________ (promise) that he _________________ (bring) us a lot of books. 5.

I _____________ (read) that book for several times. 6.

By the time I _____________ (leave) the school I _______________ (teach) that class for five years.

Step 3

Grammar learning The Present Perfect Tense 现在完成时: 基本用法

现在完成时表结果, 它的动作发生在_________, 但是对________有影响, 而这种影响却往往是说话人的兴趣所在。现在完成时跨越两个时间, 一个是_______, 另一个是__________。

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构成：have/has + p.p.

(1)我从1975年起就学英语。

I _____________________ since 1975.

(2)自12世纪以来, 中国就使用彩色印刷了。

They ______________ color printing in China since the 12th century.

Present Perfect Continuous Tense 现在完成进行时: 基本用法

1) 强调时间的_____________。如：

电话响了差不多一分钟, 为什么没人接?

The telephone____________________ for almost a minute. Why doesn’t someone answer it?

2) 表重复。叙述从过去某时到现在或最近已在______________________。如：

最近天气变化无常, 我时常感冒。

The weather has been changeable lately; I ____________________ a lot of colds.

3) 有感情色彩。如：

今天真是一个多事之日。

Too much ___________________ today.

构成：have/has + been + V.-ing

现在完成进行时和现在完成时的比较:

A. 未完结性

(1) I ________________ the windows.

我把窗户擦干净了。

(2) I _____________________ the windows.

我擦窗户来着。(可能窗户尚未擦完)

B. 短暂性

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现在完成时与现在完成进行时都可以表示______________的状态, 但完成进行是常表示_____________。

A.

They have lived in New York.

B.

They have been living in New York.

句A具有长期性, 而句B具有短暂性。

C. 刚完结性

与现在完成时相比, 现在完成进行时有时可以表示_________________的动作。有时它是现在事件的直接原因, 或者是得出结论的证据。如:

(1)我的手很脏, 我在油汽车来着。

My hands are dirty. I ____________________ the car.

(2)你的眼睛又红又肿, 你是不是哭来着？

Your eyes are red and puffy. ___________you__________________?

D. 连续性或重复性

现在完成进行时常常用于表示延续至今的______________或__________动作。如：

(1)Jim have been phoning Jenny every night for the several month.

(2)All these days he has been writing articles to our magazine.

结论: 现在完成进行时主要用于表示

A. 过去开始而且现在仍____________的动作。

B. 过去开始, 现在________________的动作。

C. 现在看到其__________________的动作。

现在完成时主要用于表示已经完成的动作及其与现在的关系。

Step 4

Practice 堂上练习与评讲

I.单项填空

1. —— Hi, Tracy, you look tired.

—— I'm tired. I ______ in the living room all day.

A. painted

B. had painted

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C. have been painting

D. have painted

2. —— There is so much snow these days, isn't there?

—— Yes, it ______ for a few days.

A. was snowing

B. has been snowing

C. had been snowing

D. snowed 3. Although these scientists ______ on the project for nearly four years,

I don't know how long it will last.

A. have been working

B. had worked

C. were working

D. are working 4. Now that she is out of job, Lucy ______ going back to school, but she hasn't decided yet.

A. had considered

B. has been considering

C. considered

D. is going to consider 5. The little boy is dirty from head to foot because he ______ in the mud all morning.

A. has played

B. is playing

C. has been playing

D. was playing 6. I ______ my work by the time the teacher ______ back.

A. was finished; came

B. shall have finished; comes

C. had finished; comes

D. have finished; will come 7. I ______ to see the film last week because I ______ it twice.

A. didn't go; had seen

B. don't go; have seen

C. hadn't go; had seen

D. didn't go; have seen 8. Who do you guess ______ where I ______ just now?

A. lie; lay

B. is lying; lay

C. lies; lain

D. lied; laid 9. I'll phone you if she ______ this evening. In fact she didn't tell me if she ______.

A. would come; will come

B. will come; came

C. comes; would come

D. come; came 10. I ______ into the bus when I ______ a girl call my name.

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A. had hardly got; hear

B. had hardly got; heard

C. was no sooner setting; heard

D. did hardly get; had heard

II.用所给动词的适当形式填空: 1. A: —— I am sorry I _________ (keep) you waiting so long.

B: —— It is all right. I

________________ (read) the newspapers. 2. The CCTV ____________________ (broadcast) English programmers ever since 1977. 3. She said we __________ (may keep) the book as long as we _______ (like). 4. My sister ________________ (learn) English since she ______ (be) a child. She ___________ (speak) English fluently now. 5. My uncle ________ (come) to see us. He __________ (arrive) here a few days ago. I ___________ (start) for Sydney tomorrow morning. 6. He ___________ (break) his glasses when he ____________ (play) in a football match.

III.下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并改正。

1. The water has been run the whole night.

2. Hello, Tom. I have looking for you all morning. Where have you been?

3. His cool expression suggested that he want to leave.

4. Paul is very tired. He had been working very hard all morning.

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