Grammar第二课时教学设计

Book6Module2 Grammar--- V-ing form 1.What is adverbial(状语)?

状语是用来修饰句中谓语动词或整个句子的成分，表示动作行为或状态发生的时间、地点、原因方式等，因此就有相应的时间状语、地点状语、原因状语等。状语可由副词、介词短语或状语从句充当。

He often reads the newspaper at night if he has nothing else to do.

2. Can V-ing form be used as adverbial?

I.Decide what kinds of adverbial each v-ing acts as.

1.… but as he stood trying to clear his head, he saw a cat.

2. The king takes the woman to his palace and marries her, not knowing that she is a wicked witch.

3. Hearing the exciting news, the boy jumped with joy.

4. Working hard at your lessons, you are to succeed.

5. Earning less money now, he lives more happily.

6. Travelling by jeep, he visited a number of cities.

7. His parents died in an accident, leaving him an orphan.

II. Change the following sentences into complex sentences. 1.

Walking along the street, he met his old friend. ___________________________ along the street, he met his old friend. 2.

Being ill, he didn’t go to school.

____________________________, he didn’t go to school.

3. Working hard, you will succeed. ________________________ hard, you will succeed. 4. Living alone, the old man was happy. ________________________alone, he was happy. 5. The boy fell off his bike, breaking his right arm. The boy fell off his bike, ______________ his right arm. 6. He sat at the table, reading a magazine. He sat at the table, _______________ a magazine at the same time. 结论：现在分词短语作状语时，相当于相应的___________或__________结构。

III.What do these sentences have in common? 1.

Putting down his shopping bag ,

Will held out his hand, and the cat came up to him. 2.

Still watching ,

Will saw the cat behave strangely. 3.

When it had gone past he crossed the road , keeping his eyes on the place where the cat had vanished. 4.

Bending to look through, he saw the road in his own town, his own world. 5.

Feeling that he was dreaming but awake at the same time,

he stood up and looked around for the cat.

IV.改错

1.Turning around, a car knocked him down.

__________ around, ______ was knocked down by a car.

__________ turned around, a car knocked him down/ he was knocked down by a car.

___________ around, a car knocked him down.

2. Getting off the train, the police arrested him.

_______ off the train, _____ was arrested by the police.

As soon as _____ got off the train, the police arrested him/he was arrested by the police.

______________ off the train, the police arrested him.

3.While running, his leg got injured.

While _________, _____ had his leg injured.

___________ was running, his leg got injured / he had his leg injured.

4.On getting through the hole, a different world appeared in front of his eyes.

Upon ________ through the hole,____ saw a different world in front of his eyes.

____________ got through the hole, a different world appeared in front of his eyes/ he saw a different world in front of his eyes.

Upon _____________ through the hole, a different world appeared in front of his eyes.

!!!注意：现在分词作状语时,一般都可变成一个状语从句。注意以下两种特殊情况。

1. 现在分词做时间状语时相当于一个时间状语从句，其前面可加when, while 等词(后跟延续性动词)；也可改写为“ on /upon + doing”形式(此时分词为瞬间动词)。

1).Standing by the road, Will saw a cat.

=________________________ by the road, Will saw a cat.

2).Hearing today’s assignment, the students let out a cry of relief.

=______________ today’s assignment, the students let out a cry of relief.

2. 现在分词做结果状语时，

可在其前加上thus 等表示结果的副词。

1)The book sold more than 500,000 copies a year, and that made it one of the best sellers at that time.

The book sold more than 500,000 copies a year, ______________ it one of the best sellers at that time.

2)The hot-air balloon exploded and caused 19 deaths. The hot-air balloon exploded, ___________ 19 deaths.

3)In the London Olympic Games, China won 39 gold medals, next to the US, and thus ranked second. In the London Olympic Games, China won 39 gold medals, next to the US, _______________ second. 4)The Rocket performed much better in yesterday's match and thus won its first victory in this season.

The Rocket performed much better in yesterday's match, ____________ its first victory in this season.

5) Advanced producing technology was introduced from abroad, which resulted in a

decrease in pollution. Advance producing technology was introduced from abroad, ___________________in a decrease in pollution.

Conclusion:

1. V-ing 的否定式为

not + v-ing

2.

V-ing 前可以有介词或连词。

II.Find out the time order between the v-ing form and the verb.

•

Standing on top of the hill, you can see as far as the seaside.

•

The fish can eat a person in two minutes, leaving only bones.

•

Having finished all his homework, the boy went out to play football.

分词的完成式(having done)表示其动作发生在主句谓语动词________。可以转换成：

After he finished/After finishing all his homework, the boy went out to play football.