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Unit4 Grammar (The -ed form as adverbial) Learning aims: 1.

To master the usage of the –ed form as adverbial. 2.

To be able to use the –ed form flexibly. Important point and difficult point: to use the –ed form flexibly 预习案Previewing Case

Revision Complete the sentences using th-ed form 1._______ （污染的）air and water are harmful to people’s health. 2.The problem ___________ （在会议上讨论的）yesterday was different to solve. 3.He became ____ （兴奋）when he heard he had won the first place in the competition. 4.I am ____ （感兴趣）in the story. 5.I haven’t got the film _____ （冲洗）yet. 6.Do you know the man _______ （站）beside the door? 7.A _____ cup is lying on the floor. 8.The meeting ___ yesterday was very important. 9.Beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret. 探究案

Asking and answering Case 探究一

过去分词做状语具体用法

①表时间，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念。

从山顶上看，这个城市就像一个大花园。

______________________________

,

the

city

looked

like

a

big

garden.

②表原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。

激动的人们被那个故事深深地感动了,停止了争吵.

__________________________________, the

young

people

made

up

their

minds

to

take

up

the

struggle.

③表条件，相当于一个条件状语从句，有时过去分词前可用if等词。

再给他一次机会，他会做得更好。

_______________________________________

④表让步，相当于一个though/although引导的让步状语从句。

尽管已经跑得筋疲力尽，他们还是继续追赶着那个强盗。

____________________________,

they

went on

running

after

the

robber.

尽管被许多人嘲笑，他还是继续他的研究。

_____________________________________________

⑤表方式或伴随情况

那个老人在他的妻子的搀扶下走进了房间。

The

old

man

went

into

the

room,

_____________________.

我和父亲坐在桌子旁边讨论着我的工作问题。

______________________,

my

father

and

I

were

talking

about

my

job.

Summary -ed 分词作状语

-ed分词短语做状语可表示__________________

___________________等意义。这种-ed分词短语相当于一个____________________________________ ____________________

，若-ed分词作状语，分词的主语通常是整个句子的主语，句子的主语与分词所表示的动作构成

__________，即是该分词动作的承受者。

探究二

过去分词和状语从句的改写

组a、表示时间

When the earth is seen from space, the earth looks blue. →Seen from the space, the earth looks blue. 组b、表示条件

If these vegetables are kept in refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh. →Kept in refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh. 组c、表示原因

As they were deeply moved, the children began to cry. →Deeply moved by the story, the children began to cry. 组d、表示让步

Although he was beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret. →Beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret. 组e、表示伴随情况

She walked out of the house, and she was followed by her little daughter.

→She walked out of the house, followed by her little daughter. 即学即练

Combine the two sentences 1. He was hit by the lack of fresh air. He got a bad headache. →___________ by the lack of fresh air, he got a bad headache. 2. You were swiftly trained in one-year space course.

you mastered the skills.

→Swiftly trained in in one-year space course, you mastered the skills. 3. They had been given more attention.

The cabbages could have grown better. →________________ , the cabbages could have grown better. 探究三

过去分词作状语与现在分词作状语的区别在于:

过去分词与句子主语构成____________, 而现在分词与句子主语构成_____________。

判断正确：

Seeing in this light, the matter is not as serious as people generally suppose.

Seen in this light, the matter is not as serious as people generally suppose.

探究四

有些过去分词（短语）只能用作系表结构

过去分词作状语表示被动或完成，但有些过去分词（短语）因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表动作而表状态。

这样的过去分词（短语）常见的有:

lost (迷路); seated (坐); absorbed in (全神贯注于);

dressed in (穿着); tired of (厌烦)等。

如：

Absorbed in deep thought, he didn’t hear the sound. 因为沉浸在思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音。

训练案

Training Case

一.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。

1. _______ (use) in this way, the word shouldn’t be taken as a verb.

2. ________ (arm) with special guns, knives and brushes, two space walking astronauts practiced fixing the spacecraft.

3. Though _______ (catch) in a traffic jam, we managed to arrive at the airport.

×

√

4. Susan is not easy to get along with. But once ______ (gain), her friendship will last forever.

5. Henry didn’t attend the party _______ (hold) at Tom’s house last night, for he was busy preparing for his exam.

二．完成下面一篇语法填空，注意分词的正确使用。

________ (fall) in love with a beautiful girl, a lion went to her parents and asked them to marry her to him. The old parents did not know what to say.

Not __________(hope) to give their daughter to the lion, they did not want to anger the king of beasts.

At last the father said, “We are as glad as other parents to marry our daughter to you, but we fear that you might possibly hurt her. So ___________(remove) your claws and teeth, you can marry her.”

________ (love) the girl very much, the lion trimmed（修剪）his claws and took out his big teeth. __________(come) to the parents again, he was simply laughed in his face. _________(beat) out of the house, the lion felt ___________(depress) and died soon. Homework

1.Finish Exercises in Using Structures on page 43.

2.Preview the next part--- Using language.