Grammar优质课教案内容

Teaching plan

I

Teaching content: Module 1 British and American English

Grammer 1 : Review of verb forms

Ⅱ

teaching aims :

Knowledge Aims :

* Review the following tenses

一般现在时：

The simple present tense

一般将来时:

The simple future tense

现在进行时:

The present continuous tense

现在完成时:

The present perfect tense

*Make sure that they can master the basic usages of these four tenses. *Make sure the students keep these rules in their minds and use them flexibly in practice. *Encourage students to learn grammar rules actively to make them use the English language more freely.

Ⅲ

Teaching Difficulty and importance



How to lead them to remember the grammar rules easily. 

How to guide them use these grammar rules more flexibly in dealing with the relative problems. Ⅳ

Teaching methods

Deductive

Explanation

Practice

Ⅴ

Teaching aids

Chalks

blackboard

text books

exercise books

Ⅵ

Teaching procedure

Step1. Greetings and lead-in

Step2. Lead the students to review the following tenses with the help of the teacher, , meanwhile the teacher should remind them to take notes about the grammar .

Step3. Leave the students enough time to review what they have learnt in this period.

Step4. Do some relative exercises to consolidate the basic knowledge of the four grammar items. Ⅶ

Teaching language points

1.

经常性，习惯性动作。

2.

科学事实，普遍真理。

一般现在时:

3.

主语的性格，特征，能力。

4.

时刻表上要发生的动作。

5.

条件/时间等状语从句中，主将从一般。

1.

will/ shall do …

一般将来时：

2.

be going to do …

3.

be about to do sth.

4.

be to do .

5.

一般现在时表将来，现在进行时表将来

1，

此时此刻正在进行法人动作

一般将来时：

2，

现阶段正在进行的动作

3，

与频度副词连用表示说话者的某种感情色彩。；

1.

已完成用法：动作发生在过去并结束，对现在造成影响和结果。

2.

未完成用法：动作虽已结束，单影响会继续下去。

现在完成时:

3.

常用的就行结构：has / have been to …/ has / have gone to …

It has been +段时间+since sb. did …

It is the first time that sb. has done sth.

Ⅷ

难点详解

现在完成时的用法详解：

1.

已完成的用法：表示某个已经发生并对现在造成了影响或是结果的动作。

常用的时间状语有already

yet

just

never

ever

before

this day等等

eg. I am sorry that I have lost my key. 言外之意：I can’t open the door now.

eg. She has left . 言外之意：She isn’t in now. If sb. wants to see her, she or he has to come again . 2. 未完成的用法：表示动作发生在过去，一直持续到现在，而且可能继续下去。换句话说，就是说该动作虽已结束，但其造成的一种状态会一直持续下去，故这种用法常与表段时间的状语连用。up to now

up to the present

so far

until now

till now

for…

since… all day long

by now

over/in the past/last ….years

eg I have kept this this book for many days .

we have lived here since last October. 值得注意的是：所有动词都可以使用现在完成时，但瞬间动词或者短暂性动词的现在完成时不可以段时间状语连用；也就是说只有延续性动词、表状态的动词、短暂性动词的否定结构才可以表示现在完成时的未完成用法，且与段时间连用。

某些短暂性动词可以找到相对应的延续性动词，注意积累。

arrive --- be here

begin---be on

die---dead

come bake --- be back

leave--- be away

borrow---- keep

buy---have

open----be open

put on --- wear

close---be closed

go out --- be out

fall （sleep , ill ）---- be ill / asleep

2.

现在完成时常用的句型结构

a.

has/have gone to ….表示去了某地。(回没回来并不知道). b. has/have been to …

表示去过某地。（而且已经回到了出发地）

b.

it is / has been +a段时间+since sb. did sth. 表示某人做某事以来已经有多长时间了

eg. It has been six years since we last saw each other .

it has been eight months since I smoked .自从我戒烟已经有八个月之久了。

注意: since 引导的时间状语从句中谓语动词是短暂性动词，则从句表示的时间从动作开始的那一刻起。若是延续性或是状态性动词，则从句表示的时间是从动作或状态结束时算起。方便记忆，可记为“延否，暂肯”

3.

It/this is the +序数词

time that sb. has / have done sth. 某人已经是第几次做某事了。

eg This is the first time that we visited your hometown.

4.

一般过去时与现在完成时的区别

a.一般过去时强调的是动作发生在过去这一事实，与具体的表过去的时间状语连用；而现在完成时强调的是发生在过去的动作对现在造成的影响。

eg

He locked the door . 他锁过们。

He has locked the door .

门已经锁了。

b. 二者都可以与段时间状语连用。现在完成时表示该动作仍在继续，但一般过去时说明动作是在过去的一段时间内持续过，并且在过去的某一时间内已经结束了。

eg

He has lived in Shanghai for many years . 还有可能住下去。

He lived in Shanghai for many years .

曾在上海住过好些年。