Grammar教案设计

Period Three

Grammar & Writing

单元语法——倍数的表达法及形容词和副词的比较级

Ⅰ.完成句子

1．The earth is forty-nine times larger than(大四十九倍) the moon. 2．It’s getting brighter and brighter(越来越亮)．

3．The closer(越接近) you are，the more(越多) you’ll see. 4．The more(越多) books I read，the more(越多) information I learn. 5．We need rather more(多得多) than that. Ⅱ.语法填空

It’s snowing.It’s already December now.The weather is getting 1.colder and colder(cold)．My daughter loves snow.She has been looking forward to the snow’s coming for a long time.This morning，when my daughter got up and looked out of the window，she suddenly found it was snowing.She rushed out，singing and jumping.She has never seen a 2.more beautiful(beautiful) scene than this before.The 3.more heavily(heavily) it snowed，the 4.more(many) children gathered.Many children made snowmen outside，but my daughter thought she got the 5.coolest(cool) snowman.The snowman she made was about twice 6.larger(large) than the others.

一、倍数的表达法

规则说明

倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as 例句

This table is three times as big as that one. 这张桌子是那张桌子的三倍大。

Our school is twice bigger than yours. 我们学校比你们学校大两倍。

The new building is three times the height of the old one. 这座新楼是那座旧楼的三倍高。

倍数＋形容词/副词比较级＋than 倍数＋the＋名词(size，height，length，width，etc.)＋of

倍数＋what从句

The value of the house is twice what it was. 这套房子的价值是原来的两倍。

二、用形容词和副词表示比较级和最高级的几个重要句型

1．“比较级＋than”意为“比……更……”。

That’s easier said than done.说比做容易。

2．“...as＋原级＋as...”意为“和……一样……”。

The building is as high as the tower. 这幢建筑和那座塔一样高。[来源:Z&xx&k.Com]

3．“...not as(so)＋原级＋as...”意为“不及……”。

My dictionary is not as(so) useful as yours. 我的字典不如你的有用。

4．“more...than...”意为“与其说……不如说……”。

She is more wise than diligent. 与其说她勤勉不如说她聪明。

5．no more...than表示“和……一样不……”；而not more...than则表示“不如……”，相当于“not so...as”。

He is feeling no better than yesterday. 他觉得不比昨天好多少。

She is not more generous than her younger sister. 她不如她妹妹慷慨大方。

6．“比较级＋and＋比较级”意为“越来越……”。

In the future，there will be less and less oil，gas and coal left.将来，石油、天然气和煤会越来越少。

Our school is becoming more and more beautiful. 我们的学校正变得越来越美丽。

7．“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”意为“越……，越……”。

The more，the better.越多越好。

The more we have，the more we want.人欲无穷。

8．“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义。

He has never spent a more worrying day. 他度过了最忧虑的一天。

There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for his friends. 为朋友而放弃生命的人的爱是最伟大的爱。

三、比较级的修饰语

在英语中，我们经常可以用一些词或短语来修饰形容词或副词的比较级。这些修饰语通常置于比较级的前面，说明比较级的程度。常见的几种形式如下：

1．比较级的修饰语通常为副词或短语，置于比较级前面，说明比较级的程度。常用词或短语有：a little，little，a bit，bit，a lot，a great deal，much，far，rather，slightly，by far，even，still，nearly，almost，any，just等。

The green pen is a bit more expensive than the red one.绿色的笔比红色的贵一点。

A train runs much faster than a bus. 火车比公共汽车跑得快得多。

注意：(1)by far修饰比较级时，一般放在比较级的后面；如果放在前面，则应在形容词或副词的比较级前面加定冠词the。

He is taller by far than his brother. 他比他弟弟高得多。

She is by far the taller of the two sisters. 她显然是两姐妹中比较高的。

(2)any意为“稍微，……一些”，多用于疑问句、否定句或含有否定意义的句子中。

She was too tired to walk any further. 她累得一点也走不动了。

2．分数、百分数、时间、长度、重量等词也可放在比较级前，表示作比较的二者之间相差的程度。

He is five minutes later than he was yesterday. 他比昨天晚到了五分钟。

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．Even worse(bad)，the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.(2017·全国Ⅰ) 2．Sixteen years earlier(early)，Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring to cook a meal.(2017·浙江) 3．If you feel stressed

by responsibilities at work，you should take a step back and identify(识别) those of greater(great) and less importance.(2016·全国Ⅱ) 4．I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and I hope to attend many more(many) in the coming years.(2016·浙江) 5．Finally，that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is cleaner(clean) than ever.(2014·新课标全国Ⅰ)

6．The harder(hard) you try to beat him，the more likely you will get hit.(2014·辽宁) 7．We had made our reservation six months earlier(early)，but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake.(2014·广东) 8．Raymond’s parents wanted him to have the best(good) possible education.(2014·大纲全国) 9．I think watching TV every evening is a waste of time—there are more meaningful(meaningful) things to do.(2013·天津) 10．It’s said that the power plant is now twice(two) as large as what it was.(2013·安徽) Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误) 1．They often get up earlier

and water the vegetables together.(2017·全国Ⅱ，短文改错) earlyworse

years in my life.(2016·全国Ⅲ，短文改错) worst2．They were also the best and 3．My mum makes the better

biscuits in the world，so I decided to ask her for help. best(2015·陕西，短文改错) 4．To make matters bad，now I have to share a room with my younger sister，Maggie. worse(2013·浙江，短文改错) 5．I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little

aggressive. less(2012·新课标全国，短文改错) 6．Since his family was rich

than mine，he had more toys than I did.(2011·浙江，短文改错) richer

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．As summer is coming，the day is becoming longer and longer.(long) 2．The warmer(warm) the weather is，the better(good) the crops will grow. 3．We have never spent a more exciting(exciting) day. 4．The weather here is warmer(warm) than that of Shanghai. 5．How beautifully she sings！I’ve never heard a better(good) voice. 6．The rainfall this year is twice what it was last year. 7．We need a piece which is a great deal bigger(big) than that. 8．The man is ten years older(old) than his wife.

9．The patient has responded to the treatment rather better(good) than expected. 10．Your idea is not good，but hers is even worse(bad)．

11．Can you move a little farther(far)? 12．Which is the larger(large) country，Canada or Australia? 13．This rope is twice(two) longer than that one. 14．This hill is four times the height(high) of that small one. 15．The pianos in another shop will be cheaper(cheap)，but not as good.

Ⅱ.语法填空

(2018·湖南祁东二中高一上期中)[来源:Z.xx.k.Com]

Mom and Dad arrived back from vacation a day 16.earlier(early) than expected.The curtains were closed and the living room was dark when they entered.They couldn’t wait 17.to surprise(surprise) the boys but found the house was in 18.a mess.Their dog，Spot，seemed to be starving and the money for dog food 19.was gone(go)．Dad told Daniel that he left him in charge of the house 20.but he couldn’t act like an adult.Daniel shouted and ran into 21.his(he) bedroom and shut the door angrily.Mom and Dad looked at each other as lights went out. In Daniel and Eric’s bedroom，Daniel had his arms 22.crossed(cross) and looked upset.Eric advised Daniel to explain everything to their 23.parents(parent) but Daniel didn’t think they deserved an explanation，saying that why they didn’t ask him what happened instead of 24.shouting(shout) at him. Mom felt that there may be a reason for the situation of the house and they may be too hard 25.on Daniel.Dad，however，said that Daniel was too rude and should be punished. 单元写作——Describing a simple scientific experiment

本模块的写作是学习描述一次实验报告。如何来设计实验、做实验和写实验报告呢？

1．此类写作要求从实验的目的、需要的器材、实验的步骤、实验的结果以及实验结论等方面，把实验的整个过程做详尽的叙述，让读者对所涉及的实验有一个完整的了解。

2．客观描述即可，不用发表个人见解。

3．时态使用一般现在时；介绍实验目的用不定式；介绍实验步骤用祈使句。

4．描写实验常用词汇：

实验目的：aim，purpose，discover，if，happen，reaction，condition，degree，change，make sure，prove，find out 实验器材：bottle，match，clamp(夹子)，beaker(烧杯)，test tube，alcohol lamp(酒精灯)，thermometer(温度计) 实验步骤：tie，mix，add，put，light，keep，watch carefully，leave，heat，put into，give off，keep out of 实验结果：burn，violently，heat，temperature，start，rise，rust 实验结论：conclusion，conclude，in a word，in conclusion

1．Below is a description of a simple scientific experiment. 2．It aims to show us... 3．To find out if...，we carried out this experiment. 4．Leave the tube for one week. 5．Boil the water for three minutes. 6．Put...at the bottom of the test tube. 7．Half-fill...with... 8．Put two or three nails in the water. 9．Add some oil to the water. 10．This will keep air out of the water.[来源:Zxxk.Com]

化学课上学习了关于溶解的知识后，请你根据下表做一个化学实验，比较橘子汁和食用油在水中的溶解情况，然后用英语写一份实验报告，给出结论。

实验目的

实验器材

橘子汁和食用油这两种物质是否溶解于水

试管、小勺(spoon) (1)将水分别注入两个试管中，并确保水位相等；

实验步骤

(2)把两种物质分别同时放在装有水的两个试管里；

(3)待5分钟后观察反应

实验结果

橘子汁溶解了，食用油没有任何反应

注意：词数100左右。

写作要求是写实验报告，写作时应注意下面几点：

1．确定文体：这是一篇实验报告，一般按照实验步骤和顺序来写。

2．主体时态：文章应以一般现在时为主。

3．主体人称：实验报告要求客观描述实验目的、步骤、现象、结论等，不用发表个人见解，所以人称应该以第三人称为主。

[来源学科网ZXXK]

联想词汇

1．发现find out 2．把……倾倒在……里面put/pour...into... 3．确保make sure 4．一勺a spoonful of 5．同时at the same time 句式升级

1．确保两个试管内的水位相等。

Make sure the water level is equal in each tube.(equal) Make sure one tube has as much water as the other.(as much as) Make sure there is the water of same level in both tubes.(be of＋n.) 2．在一个试管内放入一勺橘子汁，同时在另一个试管内放入一勺油。

Put a spoonful of orange juice into one tube，and put a spoonful of oil into the other at the same time.(并列句) Put a spoonful of orange juice into one tube.Meanwhile/In the meanwhile，put a spoonful of oil into the other.(meanwhile) 3．五分钟后，橘子汁溶解，但是油仍然留在水的表层。

Five minutes later，the orange juice has dissolved，but the oil remains on the surface.(but) Five minutes later，the orange juice has dissolved while the oil remains on the surface.(while) Five minutes later，the orange juice has dissolved.However，the oil remains on the surface.(however)

Aim：To find out whether oil and orange juice dissolve in water or not. Apparatus：test tubes；spoons Method：(1)Pour water into two test tubes.Make sure the water level is equal in each tube. (2)Put a spoonful of orange juice into one tube，and put a spoonful of oil into the other at the same time. (3)Leave the tubes for five minutes. Result：Five minutes later，the orange juice has dissolved，but the oil remains on the surface. Conclusion：Orange juice dissolves in water quickly while oil doesn’t.

进入实验室要注意安全，必须严格遵守安全规则，请你用英语写几条规则用以提醒自己和他人。如：No smoking in the laboratory./Do not

work alone. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2018·山西太原高一上期中) Chinese bike-sharing company ofo introduced 1,000 of its yellow bikes to the U．S.city of Seattle on Aug.18，after local government gave their okay，making Seattle the first American city to use dockless(无桩的) bike-sharing. Located in the state of Washington，Seattle is not the best choice for shared bikes.According to Seattle

Times，the previous local bike-sharing company Pronto ended its 3-year operation on Mar.31，because of the city’s hilly land，rainy weather，helmet(头盔) law and city planning with few bikeways. Shared bikes were successfully introduced thanks to the support from Seattle government，which introduced new rules in late June for where bikes can and cannot be parked. In addition，according to the government program，the amount can expand from 1,000，then to 2,000 and finally will be unlimited.The measures were taken to prevent a huge pile of broken bikes. Lin Wenxin，vice president of ofo USA，said their company had provided safety service，such as activities to give out free helmets and app messages to remind users to wear helmets，and promised to get broken bikes off the street. Nowadays，as one of new Chinese four great inventions，shared bikes are influencing the world people.They lead the international fashion by expanding overseas. 语篇解读

本文讲述了中国共享单车公司ofo进军美国，首站西雅图投放1 000辆“小黄车”。

1．Which is NOT the reason why Seattle is unsuitable for shared bikes? A．Lots of rain.

C．Few bikeways.

B．The hilly land. D．The local company.

答案

D 解析

细节理解题。

根据文章第二段的内容，可知

A、B、C 三个选项均为西雅图不适合共享单车的原因。

2．What did the Seattle government do to support the ofo shared bikes? A．It built more bikeways. B．It gave out free helmets. C．It made rules for parking places. D．It cleared out the broken bikes. 答案

C 解析

细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容可知C正确。

3．What’s the main idea of the text? A．Shared bikes have safety problems. B．Ofo has opened its market in Seattle. C．China has four new great inventions. D．Ofo can be seen in every country of the world. 答案

B 解析

主旨大意题。

通读全文可知，文章讲述的是ofo共享单车在美国西雅图成功落地。

B

Science experiments are a fun way for kids to learn all about science.I will introduce a few great experiments that teach your child all about the wonders of inertia(惯性)．

Coin Shoot

You’ll need some coins，at least eleven，and a smooth table.Stack(堆叠) all but one of the coins on the smooth table，making sure that the “high rise” is straight.Coins with wide edges make this experiment easy to do.Flick(弹) the extra coin quickly towards the bottom of the stack so that it hits the bottom coin.The bottom coin from the stack should shoot out from under the other coins without changing the rest of the stack.With good aim and quick flicks of your finger，you should be able to shoot all of the coins out of the stack one by one.Because the inertia of the stack of coins is so great，the force from the flicked coin is not enough to make the entire stack move or fall down. The Pencil Standing

Place a narrow piece of paper on a smooth table.Hold the paper so that most of it hangs off the table.Place a pencil on the paper so that it is standing straight.Now，slowly try to pull the paper out from under the pencil.What happens？Set up the paper and pencil again，and give the paper a fast

pull.What happens to the pencil this time? Since the still pencil wants to stay at rest，it will be against the fast movement of the paper.This means that when the paper is moved quickly out from under the pencil，the pencil remains standing straight.If the paper is moved slowly，the movement has a chance to influence the pencil，and it will fall down. 语篇解读

文章介绍了两个与惯性有关的科学实验。

4．Which of the following is used in both of the two experiments? A．A narrow piece of paper. B．A number of coins. C．A smooth table. D．A new pencil. 答案

C 解析

细节理解题。由第二段第一句和第三段第一句可知，两个实验中都用到了a smooth table。

5．What result can we get if we do the first experiment well? A．The stack of coins fall down on the table. B．The bottom coin is flicked out of the stack. C．All of the coins are taken away from the table. D．All of the coins are shot out of the stack one by one. 答案

D 解析

细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句可知，如果将这个实验做好，摞起来的硬币会一枚一枚地被击出。

6．If we pull the paper slowly out from under the pencil，the pencil will

. A．move slowly with the paper B．stand straight on the table C．be shot out from the table D．fall down on the table 答案

D 解析

细节理解题。根据文章最后一句可知，如果慢慢地抽出铅笔下面的纸，那么纸就会影响到铅笔，铅笔就会倒在桌子上。

Ⅱ.语法填空

(2018·河南息县第一高级中学高一上月考)[来源学科网ZXXK]

Do your family often take a trip? For most families，a trip in a car to an unfamiliar(不熟悉的) area often goes with the question about which way 7.to take(take)．This is not the case，however，in the Williams family.They never get 8.lost(lose) when five-year-old Daniel is with them.That’s because Daniel has the unbelievable 9.ability(able) to tell them the best way to get from one place to another anywhere in England and what’s more，he doesn’t need a map—he can do it 10.without thinking. Daniel 11.has been(be) interested in place names since he first learned to talk.When he was about three，he started asking his parents questions about how the roads they drove along joined up，and 12.it soon became obvious that he had a super memory for maps.He had no difficulty 13.remembering(remember) the roads he saw from the car window. Now，after school，Daniel’s 14.favorite(favor) game is drawing maps of the road systems in the places he hasn’t visited.His parents have no idea where his particular talent comes from 15.because no one else in the family has it.Although he has other 16.hobbies (hobby)，Daniel’s greatest goal in life is to become a mapmaker. Ⅲ.短文改错

(2018·黑龙江哈尔滨第六中学高一上期中) After watch “English TV” last Sunday morning，I phoned to my classmate and told him to go to see a film in the afternoon.Before the film was over，we returned to school to do our lessons.While we are having a rest in the corridor，I saw Mr Liu，my head teacher.He told me that I had made some progresses in English，but my Chinese lagged behind，especial my Chinese composition.He suggested I must read more and keeping a diary every day.In the evening my father

told me that reading newspapers would do him good for improving composition writing.That was really good idea! What they said was quite right，and I should follow their advice. 答案

After watch

“English TV” last Sunday morning，I phoned to\

my classmate and told watchingBeforehim to go to see a film in the afternoon.

the film was over，we returned to school to do After/Whenour lessons.While we are

having a rest in the corridor，I saw Mr Liu，my head teacher.He told wereprogressesespecial

in English，but my Chinese lagged behind，

my progressespeciallymustkeeping或must read more and

a diary every day.In shouldkeephim

good for improving meme that I had made some Chinese composition.He suggested I the evening my father told me that reading newspapers would do

∧composition writing.That was a

really good idea! What they said was quite right，and I should follow their advice. Ⅳ.书面表达

根据下面的提示，写一篇“观察水的沸腾”的实验报告。

实验目的：1.观察水沸腾时的温度；

2．观察水沸腾过程中的现象。

器材：烧杯(beaker)、水、温度计(thermometer)、酒精灯(alcohol lamp)、火柴。

步骤：1.在烧杯里盛100 g左右的水；

2．在水中放入温度计；

3．加热杯中的水，并观察温度计的读数和水的情况。

结果：当温度达到一百摄氏度时，水面出现大量气泡。

结论：1.水在一百摄氏度时开始沸腾；

2．水在沸腾过程中有大量气泡产生。

注意：词数100左右。

参考范文

Aim：To find out：1.the temperature when water is boiling；

2．what happens when water is boiling. Apparatus：beaker；water；thermometer；alcohol lamp；match. Method：1.Fill about 100g water in the beaker. 2．Put a thermometer in the water. 3．Heat the water in the beaker，and watch the readings of the thermometer. Result：Bubbles begin to appear when the temperature reaches 100 centigrade. Conclusion：1.The water boils when the temperature reaches 100 centigrade. 2．A lot of bubbles appear during the boiling.