Learning about Language优质课教学设计

非常自豪。她今年要是早有预见，计划得更好些就好了！那么她现在就不会这么担心了。

Having heard wolves howling⑮

in the ⑮howl/haʊl/vt.&vi.嗥叫；叫喊；吼forest, Lala accelerated⑯

her walk up the path 叫

n．长嚎；嗥叫

to the caves fearing that there might be wild ⑯accelerate /ək'seləreIt/vi.&vt.加beasts lying in wait for her⑰. She had no man 速；促进

with his spear⑱

to protect her⑲. She had almost reached her destination when⑳

a 21

her progress and she delicious smell arrested○⑰that 引导宾语从句。

⑱spear /spIə/n.矛；枪

⑲with his spear to protect her是with的复合结构，作定语，修饰man。

⑳had almost/just done ...when ...几乎/刚刚做完某事，这时……

21arrest/ə'rest/vt.逮捕；○吸引

n．逮stopped. So the men had brought home the meat for the feast! The smell of cooking meat filled the air surrounding her○，

and her 2223

with hunger. She could senses became dizzy○see her mother and the older children preparing the deer and pig meat over the fire. 捕；拘留

22现在分词短语surrounding her作○Her aunts were making clothes with animal 24

she sat down, only to be 后置定语，修饰the air。

skins. Abruptly○25

up by her laughing, shouting sister, scooped○23dizzy/'dIzI/adj.头晕目眩的；眩晕○26. Lala smiled with relief○27. It was good 的；使人发晕或困惑的

Luna○to have her family around her. 24abruptly adv.突然

○25scoop vt.抱起；拿起

○26动词不定式短语only to be scooped ○up ...作结果状语，表示意料之外的结果。

27with relief 宽慰地

○

[第2段译文]

沿着回洞穴的路走着，听到森林里狼的嗥叫声，拉拉加快了步伐，她担心会有野兽隐蔽埋伏着，正等着她。她身边没有男人拿着矛来保护她。快到达目的地的时候，一阵香气扑鼻，她停下来，不往前走了。原来男人们为这次盛宴已经把肉带回了家！烤肉的香味弥漫在周围的空气中，她因为饥饿而感到眩晕。她看到母亲和大一些的孩子在火上烧烤鹿肉和猪肉。她的姨妈们在用兽皮做衣服。突然间她坐了下去，但又被她那又笑又叫的妹妹卢娜一把搂了起来。拉拉宽慰地笑了，跟家人在一起实在是太好啦。

28

Just then a tall man came up○28come up 走近；发生；被提出；长出；发○behind her. He had a large, square face,

29

eyebrows○30

芽。句中是“走近”之意。

with strongly pronounced○31. Over his shoulder he and cheekbones○29pronounced adj.显著的；很明显的

○30eyebrow /'aIbraʊ/n.眉毛

○31cheekbone /'tʃiːkbəʊn/n.颧骨

○32who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰Dahu。○

33pull out 拔出；抽出；取出

○34arrowhead /'ærəʊhed/n.箭头

○35axe-○head n．斧头

axe/æks/n.斧；斧子

36hammer /'hæmə/n.铁锤；锤子

○37现在分词短语striking the edge of ...作方○carried several fish and some pieces of wood under his arm. Lala smiled and handed some stone scrapers over to Dahu, who smiled and went outside the 32. cave to begin his task○First he looked carefully at the scrapers and then went to a corner of the 33

some more tools. cave and pulled out○They were in a pile with other sharp 34

and stone axe-35. 式状语，arrowheads○heads○其中that needed sharpening是that引导He chose one large stone and began to 的定语从句，修饰the scraper。need doing＝need 36striking the edge use it like a hammer○to be done，意为“需要被……”，

doing是主动37. of the scraper that needed sharpening○形式表示被动含义(用法同want, require)。

38

Dahu would stop, look Now and then○38now and then 时而；不时

○39“be＋adj.＋enough＋to do ...”结构意为○at it and try it against his hand before continuing his task. He stopped when he 39

felt the scrapers were sharp enough to○“做……足够……”。

40neighbouring adj.邻近的；○附近的；毗邻的

41spirits n．(pl.) 情绪；心境

○42gaily /'ɡeIlI/adv.快乐地；轻松地

○cut up the meat and scrape the fish. As he passed them to Lala, the first of the 40

caves guests from the neighbouring○began to arrive for dinner. Lala's 41

rose. Yes, it was going to be just spirits○gay/ɡeI/adj.快乐的；欢快的

as wonderful as last year! She smiled to 42

and went out of the cave herself gaily○to welcome her friends and neighbours.

[第3～4段译文]

就在那时，一个高个子男人从她身后走了过来。他的脸盘很大、方形脸，浓眉大眼，颧骨突出，肩上扛着几条鱼，腋下夹着一些木头。拉拉对大胡微笑着，递给他一些石头做的刮子。大胡也笑着，走出洞穴，开始工作。,他先朝这些石刮子仔细瞧了瞧，然后走到洞穴的一个角落，拖出来更多的工具。这些工具同其他一些锐利的箭头和石斧头堆放在一起。他选了一块大石头，开始用它作锤子敲打一个需要磨快的石刮子边缘。他时不时地停下来看看，在手上试一试，然后再继续工作。当他觉得石刮子够快，能够切碎肉并能刮鱼鳞了，他才停下来。他把它们递给拉拉，这时候，来自邻近洞穴的第一批客人就开始来吃饭了。

拉拉情绪高涨起来了。是的，今年的盛宴将一定会跟去年一样热闹！她高兴地自己笑着，走出洞穴，去欢迎她的朋友和邻居。

Step 1

Read the text and then match the main idea with each paragraph 1．Para. 1

A．Lala and her families made preparations for the feast. 2．Para. 2

B．the description of Dahu. 3．Para. 3

C．how did Dahu make tools. 4．Para. 4

D．Lala worried about the preparations for the feast and she hoped the feast could be as good as the one last year. 答案：1～4

DABC Step 2

Choose the best answers according to the text. 1．What is the main idea of the text? A．The marriage life of Lala and Dahu. B．The separate responsibility of men and women. C．The difference between early life and modern life. D．The preparations for a feast. 2．Why did Lala accelerate her walk? A．Because she was very hungry. B．Because she feared her husband would get angry. C．Because she had to prepare for the feast. D．Because she feared there might be wild animals attacking her. 3．Lala was happy last year because ________. A．she was lucky to be chosen by Dahu B．she didn't have to prepare for the feast C．her husband loved her very much D．she was together with her sister and mother 4．According to the text, Dahu usually did all the things except________. A．fishing

C．sharpening scrapers

B．collecting fruit

D．killing animals 5．We can infer from the text that Lala was________her life. A．tired of C．satisfied with 答案：1～5

DDABC

B．worried about

D．disappointed with

一、这样记单词

记得准·写得对

Ⅰ.基础词汇

1.somehowadv.

以……方式；不知怎么地

2.spitvt.

吐出(唾液、食物等) vi.

吐痰

3.deletevt.

删；删除

4.receptionistn.

接待员；招待员

5.wrinklen.

皱纹

6.arrestvt.

逮捕；吸引

n.

逮捕；拘留

Ⅱ.拓展词汇

1.systematicadj.有系统的；有计划的；有条理的→system n．系统

2.radioactiveadj.放射性的；有辐射能的→radioactivityn．放射性

3.divisionn．分割；划分；分配；分界线→divide vt.分割；分配

4.academyn．学院；学会；学术团体；院校→academic adj.学术的

5.skillfuladj.熟练的；有技巧的→skillfully adv.熟练地；有技巧地

6.acceleratevi.&vt.加速；促进→acceleration n．加速度

7.applaudvi.&vt.鼓掌欢迎；赞赏→applause n．鼓掌

8.significancen．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义→significant adj.重要的

记得快·记得多

1.somehow相关单词一览

①someway adv.

好歹，总算；以某种方式

②anyhow adv.

无论如何

③anyway adv.

无论如何；不管怎样

④somewhat adv.

有点儿；有几分；颇为

2.significance n．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义

[词块]

①commercial significance

商业意义

②historical significance

历史意义

③great significance

重大的事

④little significance

无关紧要的事

⑤practical significance

现实意义

3.radioactive adj.放射性的；有辐射能的

[记法]

radio-为前缀，表示“与放射有关的；使用无线电波的”

[联想]

①radioactivity n.

放射性

②radio-controlled adj.

无线电遥控的

③radio-telephone n.

无线电话

4.academic adj.学术的

[词块]

①academic year

学年

②academic circle

学术界

③academic institution

学术机构

④academic paper

学术论文

二、这样记短语

记牢固定短语

1.on_behalf_of

代表

2.refer_to

谈到；参考

3.break_out

(战争、疾病、火灾等的)突然发生

4.fed_up_with

受够了；饱受；厌烦

5.look_ahead

向前看；为将来打算

6.date_back_(to_...)

追溯到；始于

三、这样记句式

先背熟

1.If only she had looked ahead and planned better this year！

她今年要是早有预见，计划得更好些就好了！

2.Having heard wolves howling in the forest, Lala accelerated her walk up the path to the caves fearing that there might be wild beasts lying in wait for her. 沿着回洞穴的路走着，听到森林里狼的嚎叫声，拉拉加快了步伐，她担心会有野兽隐蔽埋伏着，正等着她。

3.She had almost reached

her 句型had He had_just_gone_to_bed_when the telephone rang. 他刚上床睡觉，这时电话铃响了。

We walked a long way to see him, only_to_find_that he had just left for the Having heard He fearing that ...为现在分词短语作状语。

drove slowly, 再悟通

后仿用

If_only_I_hadn't_given_upIf only ...意为“要是……就好了”，表示_the_chance further. to study 多积常用词块

1.applaud one's choice

为某人的选择欢呼鼓掌

2.accelerate one's walk

加快某人的步伐

3.reach one's destination

到达某人的目的地

4.with hunger

因饥饿

5.wild beast

野兽

6.now and then

偶尔，有时

与事实相反的假设。

要是我没有放弃那次进一步学习的机会就好了。

... having_a_chat/chatting_with_his_friend on the phone. 他一边和朋友在电话里聊天，一边慢慢地开车。

destination when

a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped. 快到达目的地的时候，一阵香气扑鼻，她停下来，不往前走了。

4.Abruptly she sat down, only to shouting sister, Luna.

done ...when ...意为“刚刚做完某事，就在这时……”。

only to do sth.意为，bescooped

up by her laughing, “不料；结果……”动词不定式作结果状

突然间她坐了下去，但又被她那又笑又叫的妹妹卢娜一把搂了起来。

语，表示意料不到的情况。

countryside. 我们走了很长一段路去看他，没想到他刚下乡了。

1．(教材P40)His university was aware of the significance of his work. 他的大学意识到了他工作的重要性。

significance n. 意义；意思；重要性；重要意义

(1)the significance of ...

……的重要性/意义

be of (great/no/little) significance to ...

attach (great) significance to

(2)significant adj.

对……(很/不)重要

认为……(很)重要

重要的；明显的

It is significant that ...(＝significantly)

significantly adv.

很明显……

显著地；相当数量地

①I firmly believe that the more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job. (2014·山东高考满分作文) 我坚信我们越多地了解这个名言的意义，我们在日常学习和工作中就会获益越多。

②The most significant(significance)thing you should keep in mind is that most of the questions are easy if you make use of correct methods. (2014·四川高考书面表达) 你应该牢记的最重要的事情是如果你使用正确的方法的话，大部分问题是容易的。

③It is significant that he has mistaken you. →Significantly,_he has mistaken you. 很明显他误解了你。

[名师点津]

常见“be＋of＋抽象名词”的短语：

①be of significance＝be significant ②be of importance＝be important ③be of value＝be valuable ④be of help＝be helpful ⑤be of use＝be useful

2．(教材P41)Well, I'm fed up with all the attention and

... 噢，我厌烦了这么多关注和……

fed up with 受够了；饱受；厌烦

be fed up

feed up

feed back

feed on

厌烦

(把人、动物)养肥；让……吃饱

反应；反馈

以……为食；以……为能源

①In the meantime, those volunteers hold the opposite view that they are fed up with the earth life and eager for living on the Mars. (2013·广东高考写作) 同时，那些持相反观点的志愿者认为，他们已经厌倦了地球上的生活，渴望到火星居住。

②The rain was going on and on, and I was fed up then. 雨不停地下起来，我倍感厌烦。

③The salesman fed_back information to the firm about its sales. 这位推销员将售货情况反馈到公司。

④He looks half starved and wants feeding up. 他看上去一副忍饥挨饿的样子，想要多吃点东西。

3．(教材P43)If only she had looked ahead and planned better this year! 她今年要是早有预见，计划得更好些就好了！

look ahead 向前看；为将来打算，考虑将来

①Young people often look ahead to the future while the elderly look back on the past. 少年人常思将来，老年人常思既往。

②Nobody will look_up_to you if you look_down_on/upon yourself. 如果你自己都瞧不起自己，没有人会瞧得起你。

③It is reported that the police will soon look_into the case of the two missing children. 据报道，警察将很快调查这两名失踪儿童的案件。

4．(教材P44)All the objects are from the same excavation site in Sanxingdui and can be dated back to between 3,000 and 5,000 years ago.

所有的这些物品都来自于三星堆发掘现场，时间可以追溯到3 000至5 000 年前之间。

date back to (＝date from)

追溯到；始于

①My interest in stamp collecting dates back to my schooldays. 我从学生时代就开始爱好集邮。

②According to the expert, the temple has a history dating (date) from the early Tang Dynasty. 那个专家说这座寺庙的历史可追溯到初唐时期。

[名师点津]

date back to和date from一般不用于进行时态。在句中作定语时，常用现在分词形式。

make a date with

out of date

to date

up to date

与……约会

过时的

到目前为止

最新式的，现代化的；至今

③Think how rapidly medical knowledge has gone out_of_date in recent years. 想一想近些年医学知识更新得有多快。

④She is without question the craziest person I've met to_date. 她无疑是我到目前为止所遇到的最疯狂的人。

1．If only she had looked ahead and planned better this year! 她今年要是早有预见，计划得更好些就好了！

(1)if only ... had done ... 表示对与过去事实相反的愿望

①If only I had remembered to lock the door. 要是我没有忘记锁门就好了。

(2)if only ... did ... 表示对与现在事实相反的愿望

②If only I had

(have) enough money to buy an iPhone 7. 如果我有足够的钱买一部iPhone 7，那该多好。

(3)if only ... could/would/might do ...表示对将来事情的愿望(不用should) ③If only the whole family could_be_united during the Spring Festival! 今年春节全家能团圆就好了！

[辨析比较]

if only, only if if only only if

用来表达愿望，意为“但愿……；要是……就好了”，句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气

由副词

only 和从属连词

if 组合而成，only 仅起强调作用，意为“只要”；“only if＋状语”位于句首时，引起主句部分倒装

选用上述短语填空

④Xiao Ming said, “If_only I would pass the College Entrance Examination！”

But his father said, “Only_if you study hard can you go to the university.”

小明说：“要是我能考上大学就好了！”但是他爸爸说：“只要你努力学习就能上大学。”

2．Abruptly she sat down, only to be scooped up by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna. 突然间她坐了下去，但又被又笑又叫的妹妹卢娜一把搂了起来。

only to do是不定式作结果状语，意为“不料；结果却”，表示出乎意料或令人失望的结果。

①I hurried to the post office, only to find it closed. 我匆匆地赶去邮局，却发现它已经关门了。

②He hurried to the stadium without supper, only to_be_told (tell) the football match he had been looking forward to watching was cancelled. 他没吃晚饭匆忙赶到体育场，结果被告知他一直盼望观看的足球比赛取消了。

[名师点津]

现在分词作结果状语时表示伴随谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果(同时发生)。

③He has got married and settled in Australia, thus leaving (leave) his family in Hong Kong. 他结婚定居在澳洲，因此把他的家人留在了香港。

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．The new drug has great significance (significant) for the treatment of the disease. 2．Test results will be fed back to the schools. 3．It is time for us to look back the past and look ahead to the future when the new year comes. 4．This is an old building dating back to the 16th century. 5．He had expected to give them a wonderful lecture, only to_be_disturbed (disturb) by some naughty boys. 6．I failed again. If only I had_had (have) time to review my lessons. Ⅱ.补全句子

1．I am_fed_up_with his laziness and carelessness. 我受够了他的懒惰和粗心。

2．When Mom looked_back_on the early days of their marriage, she wondered how they had managed with so little money.

当妈妈回顾他们结婚初期的时候，她不知道是怎样用那么少的钱度日的。

3．All the photographs in this book, unless stated otherwise, date_from_the_1950s. 本书中所有照片，除非另有说明，均始于20世纪50年代。

4．(2015·重庆高考写作)If_only_I_could_go_back and reset my goals. 要是我能够回到过去，重新设定我的目标该多好啊！

5．He watered the flowers in the garden more often, thus_making_things_worse. 他更为经常地给花园里的花浇水，结果反而更糟。

6．The company to be set up will be_of_great_significance_to people here. →The company to be set up will be_very_significant_to people here. 即将成立的这家公司对这里的人们来说很重要。

一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高

[本课语言点针对练习]

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．The doctor listened to his breathing and checked his pulse (脉搏)．

2．They use special chemicals to accelerate (加速) the growth of crops. 3．If you feel dizzy (眩晕的) or short of breath, stop exercising immediately. 4．Skilful (熟练的) and confident, Donaldson should become one of the game's best players. 5．There was a systematic (有系统的) approach to solving the problem. 6．The meeting is of such great significance (意义) that I have to attend it. 7．We must stop him seeing her somehow (以某种方式)．

8．It is reported that the police have arrested (逮捕) the suspect of the accident. Ⅱ.单句改错

1．Significant, he did not deny that there might be an election.Significant→Significantly 2．I am simply fed up this kind of weather.this前加with 3．A man has arrested in connection with the robbery. arrested前加been 4．This is an old building date back to the 16th century. date→dating 5．—Hi, Mark. How was the musical evening? —Excellent! Alex and Andy performed skillful and they won the first prize. skillful→skillfully 6．After the flood, the villagers began to look ahead to and tried their best to rebuild

their homeland.

去掉ahead后的_to 7．—It's said that you have borrowed a lot of money for your flat. —Yes. If only one has an unlimited supply of money! has→had 8．I had almost gone to bed that someone knocked at the door.that→when Ⅲ.选词填空

look ahead，

on behalf of，

with relief，

come up，

now and then，

pass ... to ...，

date backto ...，

of one's own，

fed up with，

of significance 1．A kind man came_up and asked if he could help. 2．Everything is hopeful. Let's look_ahead. 3．We all sighed with_relief when the plan finally landed safely. 4．In summer I usually go swimming now_and_then.

5．At the airport he read an address of welcome on_behalf_of the association. 6．After many years' hard work, he finally has a house of_his_own. 7．We visited an temple which dates_back_to 2, 000 years ago. 8．The teacher had the student pass a book to another student. 9．The project is of great significance to people living here. 10．We all are fed_up_with his boast, which he almost shows every day. [本单元语言点温故练习]

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．The plane will take off, regardless of the weather. 2．Jane's pale face suggested that she was (be) ill, and her friends suggested that she (should)_have (have) a medical examination. 3．He sharpens (sharp) the knife to cut up meat. 4．I attach much significance to this matter. 5．I am fed up with the same old sandwiches. 6．If only I had (have) more money, I could buy a car. 7．The new method was popular and many peasants became very skillful (skill) at it. 8．The stone steps, dating (date) back to 1855, are beginning to wear. 9．The material is an alternative to plastic. 10．There a striking news about KFC and McDonald, as everyone knows. Ⅱ.补全句子

1．It_is_assumed_that what he has done is right.

人们认为他所做的一切是对的。

2．He was asleep, so I decided I had better not_interrupt_his_sleeping. 他在睡觉，因此我决定最好不要打断他的睡眠。

3．I had no money, so I had_no_alternative_but_to stay at home. 我因为没有钱，所以除了待在家里别无选择。

4．The room is_too_messy,_and we need to clean it before using it. 房间太乱了。我们需要将它打扫一下才能用。

5．The kindergarten teacher cut_up_the_cake_into_small_pieces and gave them to the kids. 幼儿园的老师把蛋糕切成小块，把它们分给孩子们。

6．She has kept up physical training for several years without_interruption. 她坚持锻炼，多年来从未间断。

7．The motherless children were starving_for_mother's_love. 这些没有母亲的孩子渴望母爱。

8．Only if a teacher has given permission is_a_student_allowed_to_enter the room. 只有得到老师的允许，学生才可以进入这个房间。

9．Mary was_sharpening_the_pencil,_while her friend was busy getting the mark card ready. 玛丽在削铅笔，而她的朋友则忙于准备登分卡。

10．The two parties have_been_trying_to_unite since the New Year. 自从新年以来，双方就一直在试图联手。

二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧Ⅰ.阅读理解

Clover, a three-year-old spirit bear, lives at the B．C. Wildlife Park near Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada. He lost his parents two years ago and was raised at a wildlife center. When he was set free into the wild, he broke into human camps looking for food. Wildlife experts (专家) tried to get him used to living on his own, but he continued to look for places where there were people. Finally the experts decided that he could not live in the wild. Since then, a total of $750,000 has been collected to create a habitat for Clover. The habitat covers about three acres (英亩) of land and includes natural forest, two ponds connected by a small river and something else. It will add a platform and a walkway later this year so that people can see Clover and his habitat more closely. There will also be a center where people can learn more about spirit bears. Besides, a black bear will be moved into the habitat so Clover will not feel

lonely. Spirit bears are also called Kermode bears after Francis Kermode, who first studied them. Kermode discovered that a small number of black bears carry a gene (基因) for white fur. If a baby bear receives one of these genes from each parent, its fur will be a creamy white color. There are about 1,200 bears who carry the gene for white fur, but only about 200 white Kermode bears in the world. Kermode bears are found only in British Columbia. They live in the Great Bear Rainforest, an area that covers the mainland and islands along the coast of B．C. between Vancouver and Alaska. 语篇解读：本文是记叙文。一只白灵熊在人类的帮助下即将搬进“新家”。

1.We can learn from Paragraph 1 that Clover________. A．lost his parents at the age of 3 B．could not find any food C．was not afraid of humans D．grew up in the wild 解析：选C

细节理解题。由第一段中的“he broke into human camps looking for food”和“he continued to look for places where there were people”可知，Clover并不害怕人类，故选C项。

2．The habitat built for Clover________. A．will be open to visitors B．will become a center for spirit bears C．was created by Francis Kermode D．will prepare him for life in the wild 解析：选A

细节理解题。由第二段中的“a platform and a walkway”和“a center”等信息可知，该栖息地将来有望对游客开放，让更多的人有机会接近并了解白灵熊，故选A项。

3．What will Clover's future life be like? A．Busy.

C．Hard.

B．Easy.

D．Lonely. 解析：选B

推理判断题。由第一段中的“a total of $750,000 ...for Clover”和第二段中的“The habitat covers about three acres of land and includes ...something else, so Clover will not feel lonely”可知，Clover将来在新家的生活会很舒适，故选B项。

4．According to Francis Kermode, spirit bears ________. A．are bigger than black bears B．are mainly found in B．C. C．are born to white bears

D．are very unusual 解析：选D

细节理解题。由最后一段中的“Spirit bears are also called Kermode bears”和“There are ...only about 200 white Kermode bears in the world.”可知，白灵熊十分罕见，故选D项。

Ⅱ.语法填空

M：Well, it's a lovely room, but I don't like the green paint very much. Will it be all right if I paint the walls a different color? W：Yes, that's fine, as long as you don't paint them __1__ very dark color. One of my __2__ (hire) painted them black a few years ago. That was terrible. M：Is there anything I should know? W：Well, I don't allow cats __3__ (go) upstairs at all. M：Oh? Not at all? W：No, __4__ (absolute) not. I'm allergic __5__ cats and I don't allow people to smoke in bedrooms. M：Oh, no，no. I agree with that. I don't smoke anywhere. Can I use the kitchen __6__ I want to cook something? W：Yes, but only before 7 o'clock in the evening. And I wouldn't like people to stick pictures on the walls. You know when you take the pictures off the wall, marks will leave. M：OK. I got __7__. W：And one more thing if you don't mind. I don't want big parties __8__ are too noisy, so only two __9__ three friends at the same time, please. M：Oh, right. I'll do that. Well, it sounds fair. Thank you for __10__ (inform) me. 1．________

2.________

3.________

4.________

5．________

6.________

7.________

8.________

9．________

10.________ 语篇解读：一房客来租房，房东在给他交代一些注意事项。

1．a

a very dark color，一种很暗的颜色。用不定冠词表示泛指。

2．hirers

几年前我的一位租客把墙壁粉刷成黑色。hirers“租客”。

3．to go

allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”。

4．absolutely

absolutely not意为“绝对不允许”。

5．to

be allergic to ...“对……过敏”。

6．if

此处用if表示假设。

7．it

I got it.我知道了。it代指这件事。

8．which/that

which/that引导定语从句，修饰parties。

9．or

此处意思是“一次至多邀请两三个朋友”。or“或者”。

10．informing

for是介词，介词后用v.-ing作宾语。