Learning about Language教学设计一等奖

Unit 3

Inventors and Inventions

1.

The purpose in writing this text is ____. A.To show us how to trap the snakes but not to kill them

B. To tell people how to apply for a patent of

the writer’s new idea

C. To introduce the writer’s new idea of trapping the snakes and her application for a patent D. To tell the readers how to get a new idea and make it a patent. 2.The biggest advantage of the writer’s new idea is that ____.

A.

It makes the snakes move slowly B.

It makes the snakes hardly bite us C.

It is easier for us to kill the snakes without hurting ourselves D.

It is easier for us to catch the snakes without killing them 3.What instruments were used for catching the snakes? A. bowl, ice-cubes, male perfume

B.A bowl, a bucket, female perfume C.A small net, ice-cubes, a bucket

D. A small net, a bucket, powders 4. Which statement is true according to the text? A.

The snakes were so sleepy in the second attempt that they couldn’t bite the writer at all.

B.

Your product must be different from everybody

else’s if you want to receive a patent. C.

The writer decided to send her invention to the patent office the moment she succeeded in catching

the snakes. D.

If an application for your product proves to be valid, you can get a patent immediately. 5.According to the text, which subject do you think can be given a patent? A.

A new star discovered by a scientist

B.A new novel written by Huo Da. C.A new way to make dirty water clean. D.A new kind of grass found in a mountain which can be used as a medicine. Language points

1. convenient adj. 方便的; 便利的

原句:

They abruptly disappeared into a convenient hole in the wall.它们突然消失在墙边就近的一个洞里。(B8 P20) 例句:

Trains can be crowded, but I do think it will be the most convenient way for you to travel. 火车会很拥挤, 但是我认为对你们这次旅行来说这将会是最方便的方式。

搭配：It is convenient to sb. 对某人来说很方便

It is convenient for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是方便的

拓展:for convenience 为方便起见

at one’s convenience 在某人方便的时候

运用

根据汉语意思翻译句子。

⑴

电视不仅是一种方便的娱乐来源, 而且也是相对(comparatively)便宜的一种。

。

⑵你方便明天开始上班吗

2. distinguish vt. 区分; 辨别; 使杰出,使表现突出

原句:

Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by inventing something…这回我有机会表现一下自己了…… (B8 P20)

例句:I must distinguish myself from other people.我一定要出人头地。

1

运用

根据汉语意思翻译句子。⑴

学生应该学会明辨是非

⑵

沉迷电脑游戏使很多人分不清什么是生活, 什么是游戏。

Addiction to computer games ________________________________________________________。

3. now and then

有时, 偶尔

原句:

“Snakes come near the house now and then,….”蛇有时会来到房子附近。(B8 P20) 例句:

I get a strange feeling about this now and then. 我时常对这有一种奇怪的感觉。

联想：表示“有时, 偶尔”的常用短语还有：every now and then, from time to time, at times, once in a while, on occasion等。

运用

根据汉语意思完成或翻译句子。

⑴

进入高三以后我们还是偶尔见面, 但不像以前那么经常了。

We ______________________in Senior Three but not __________ we ________. ⑵

他时常因为自己没能抓住成功的机遇而后悔。

4. set about着手; 开始做……

原句:

I set about researching the habits of snakes to find the easiest way to trap them.我着手研究蛇的习性以便能找到最容易的方法捉住它们。(B8P20) 例句:

He knows how to set about doing these things. 他知道怎样着手做这些事情。

说明:

set about doing sth.= set out to do sth.着手做某事

运用

根据汉语意思完成句子。

⑴

我们以极大的热情立即着手这项任务。We _________________ at once _____ ________________. ⑵

我们着手打扫房子。

We _____________________________ the house.

5. get through 通过; 成功; 做完; 到达;接通电话(设法联系上) 原句

I can’t get through. 我打不通。(B8 P26) 例句:

I couldn’t get through to my mother yesterday. 昨天我给我母亲打电话没有接通。

比较:

go through经历; 经受; 审查; 浏览

运用

朗读并指出下列句中划线部分的汉语意思。

⑴

We managed to get through the forest with his help.( ____________ ) ⑵

When I get through with my work, I will join you. ( ______ ) ⑶

Tom got through in the examination. ( ___________ ) ⑷

I rang you several times but couldn’t get through. （_________）

⑸

The train failed to get through in time because of the floods.（______）

典型句子

1. Only…can you… 只有……你才能……

原句:

Only after you have had that recognition can you say that you are truly an inventor.只有你得到这种承认,你才可以说是一个真正的发明家。(B8 P21) 例句:

Only after my friend came was the computer repaired. 只有在我朋友来了之后, 电脑才被修理。

仿写：

⑴

只有抓住今天, 才能赢得明天。

Only when you seize today _________ tomorrow. ⑵

只有用这种方法我们才能够积极而有效地学习。

2. It was not until...that直到……才……

原句:

The patent was given in 1876, but it was not until five days later that Bell sent his first telephone

2

message to his assistant Watson.这项专利是1876年发布的, 但是贝尔是在五天以后才跟他的助手华生通了第一次电话。(B8 P25) 例句:

It was not until the next day that I learned the truth. 直到第二天,我才明白事情的真相。

仿写：⑴

也许只有等我们这一辈有了孩子才会知道为人父母的无私付出和艰辛。______________________________we know _____________________ and hardships of our parents. ⑵直到1454年欧洲才印刷了第一本书。

Grammar

过去分词作表语

1. 及物动词的过去分词作表语，与句子主语是被动关系，表示主语的状态，既表示被动，又表示完成。

(1) 茶杯破了。

___________________________________ 2. 不及物动词的过去分词作表语，与句子主语是主动关系，表示主语的状态，只表示动作的完成。(2) 他已退休。

____________________________________

3. 有些过去分词作表语时，构成的谓语很接近被动结构。

(3) The city is surrounded on three sides by mountains.

______________________________________ 【注意1】过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别：过去分词作表语，主要是表示主语的状态，而被动语态则表示动作。

(1)

The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday.（是____________________）

(2) The library is now closed.

（是___________________________

）

【注意2】过去分词表示被动或完成, -ing 形式表示主动或进行。但有些动词如

interest, bore, worry, surprise, frighten 等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰人，用

-ing 形式来修饰物,它们是形容词化的分词。

(3) 这本书很有趣，我对它很感兴趣。________________________________ 4) 当他听到他在比赛中赢得第一名时很兴奋。He became ______

when he heard he had won the first place in the competition. 过去分词作定语

作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。及物动词的过去分词作定语，既表被动又表完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语，

。

1. 过去分词用作定语，如果是单个的，常置于其所修饰的名词

。

We must adapt our thinking to the __________conditions.

我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况。

2. 过去分词短语用作定语时，一般置于其所修饰的名词之后，其意义相当于一个定语从句，但较从句简洁，多用于书面语中。

The concert ________________was a success.他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功。

3.过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语，前后常有

。

(1)The meeting, ___________by over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero. 他们举行了欢迎英雄的大会，到会的有五千多人。

4. 用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物，这种过去分词在形式上虽不直接修饰人，但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关。

(2) The boy looked up with a pleased expression.

___________________________________________________ 完成下面句子：

1.______________(污染的)air and water are harmful to people’s health.

2. The problem ________________（在会议上讨论的）

yesterday was very difficult to solve.

3

过去分词作宾语补足语

（一）能够接过去分词作宾补的动词有以下三类：

1. 表示感觉或心理状态的动词。如：see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think等。

(1)

I heard the song _______in English. 我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。

（过去分词sung的动作显然________于谓语动作heard；）

(2) He found his hometown greatly

. 他发现他的家乡变化很大。

(过去分词changed的动作显然先于谓语动作found) 2. 表示“致使”意义的动词。如：have, make, get, keep, leave等。

(1) I’ll have my hair ______tomorrow. 明天我要理发。

(2) He got his tooth ____________yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了。

(3) Don’t leave those things________. 要把那些事情做完。

【注意】过去分词所表示的动作一定和宾语有逻辑上的

关系。

（二）使役动词have接过去分词作宾补有两种情况。

1. 过去分词所表示的动作由他人完成。

(1) He had his money stolen.他的钱给偷了。（被别人偷去了）

2. 过去分词所表示的动作由句中的主语所经历。如：

(2) He had his leg broken.他的腿断了。

（自己的经历）

“with ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构

“with ＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词用作介词

with的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句中作

、

、

、

等状语。例如：

(1) The murderer was brought in, with his hands _______behind his back. 凶手被带进来了，他的双手被绑在背后。（

）

(2) With water_________, we can see the steam. 水一被加热，我们就会看到水蒸气。（

）

(3) With the matter_________, we all went home. 事情得到解决，我们都回家了。（

）

(4) she stood in front of him, with her eyes ________on his face. 她站在他面前，眼睛注视着他。（

）

(5) He stood for an instant with his hand still__________. 他仍然举着手站了一会儿。

（

）

单项选择：

1.You can make yourself ______in English pretty well if you keep on speaking the language. A.

understand

B. understanding

C. to understand

D. understood 2.---- There is a hole in your bag.

---- I know. I’m going to have it ________.

A.

mend

B. mending

C. mended

D. to be mended

3.----How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers? ---- The key ______ the problem is to meet the demand ____ by the customers. A.

to solving; making

B. to solving; made

C. to solve; making

D. to solve; made 4.English is a language ____ all around the world and is the _____ language of most international organizations. A.

to speak, working

B. spoken , working

C. speaking, worked

D. spoken, worked 5.A: Who are those people with the banner?

B: A group ____ itself the League for Peace. A .calling

B. calls

C. called

D. is called 6.There was a terrible noise_____ a sudden burst of light. A.

followed

B. following

C. to be followed

D. being followed

4