Learning about Language多媒体教学设计及其点评

英语阅读理解专题----推理判断题解题技巧

高一级

李卫兰

授课班级

课型

教学内容

阅读理解推理判断专题

学时

1 高一（18）班

学科

英语

授课时间

2017.3.30 英语阅读理解推理判断题的解题技巧

高考中对阅读理解的考察要求很高，而推理判断题又是在阅读理解各种考察的题型中占据着重要的位置，因此掌握推理判断题的解题技巧有利于提高阅读理解的得分率。推理判断学题要求学生在阅读文章过程中根据文章所提供的事实为依据，经过分析、思考去领作者的言习外之意，并对作者的态度、观点、以及写作目的、文章的寓意等做出正确的推理判断。这类内题要求学生由“已知的”去推断出“未知的”，属于一种深层次的理解。

容

本课将从推断隐含意义,推断作者的观点态度，推断写作目的，推断文章的出处，推断分目标读者这五方面，向学生解密如何解答阅读理解的推理判断题。选取的材料来源于全国各析

地的高考题或英语周报，有一定的代表性。由于该班属于文科普通班，词汇量小以及接受能力较弱，所以选取的材料难度偏易。

学习者

分析

高一（18）是文科普通班，学生英语基础参差不齐。整体来看，大多数同学的英语基础比较薄弱，词汇量小，在英语学习的过程中，缺乏主动性和积极性，因此他们的英语阅读能力和推理判断能力不高，一遇到推理判断题基本上都会做错。所以在本课中，我主要训练学生先了解推理判断题的类型以及推理判断题的设问形式，再利用一些此类题的一些解题技巧去解题。

知识与技能：

通过学习推理判断题的类型，熟悉推理判断题的设问形式，掌握推断隐含意义,推断作者的观点态度，推断写作目的，推断文章的出处以及推断目标读者5方面的解题技巧，并且能从出题者的角度去思考如何对推理判断题设答。 过程与方法：

通过自主学习、小组合作学习和探究学习去体验和灵活运用推理判断的技巧。

情感、态度与价值观：

通过掌握阅读理解推理判断的技巧，感受快速和准确找到答案的成功感和愉悦感，享受阅读带来的快乐。 重点掌握推理判断题中推断隐含意义,推断作者的观点态度，推断写作目的，推断文章的出处，推断目标读者5方面的技巧

1 教学目标

重

点难点

教 讲练法，任务型教学法，启发式教学法

学方法

教学媒体

黑板、多媒体、学案

教学流程

教学环节

Step 1 lead in

Using a puzzle to lead in the topic

and state the importance of the inference questions

Step 2 Warming-up

Present the types of the inference questions, ask the students to judge the types of some questions . Step3 Presentation Show the students question forms of the 5 types inference questions and ask them to find out the key words of each question.

Ask the students to do the examples of each type individually and then the teacher gives some techniques to these examples.

Step 4

Practice Offer more exercises related the inference questions and ask the students to practice Step 5 Consolidate

Offer a passage for the students to finish 时间

1min. 师生活动

3 min. 师生活动

活动方式

活动目标

导入本课内容：高考英语阅读理解技巧点拨—推理判断题

让学生了解推断题的类型和设问形式，并且学会判断推断题的类型

20 min.

通过自主学习，小组活动，和教师的技巧点拨讲解，让学生掌握推理判断技巧

师生活动

生生活动

6 min. 学生活动

8 min. 学生活动

强化训练,巩固技巧

通过阅读整篇文章做阅读理解题，让学生从整体上把握推理判断题的解题技巧

2

Step 6 Summary

Ask the students to sum up the techniques of doing

inference questions

Step 7

Homework

assignment

Step 8

Self-assessment

1 min. 师生活动

归纳

0.5 min. 0.5 min 师生活动

学生活动

巩固并运用本节课所学的内容。

让学生自我评价，促进教师有效教学

Teaching Procedure Step1 Leading-in（时间：1min.）

Ask student to do a puzzle and then lead in the topic ---inference questions. There are three men on a train. Mr. A speaks English and Chinese. Mr. B speaks French and English. Mr. C can only talk with Mr. A.

What language does Mr. C speak?

Answer:

Chinese. 【设计意图】利用一个谜引入本堂课所讲授的内容---推理判断题。活跃课堂气氛，调动同学们的积极性。

Step2 Presentation and Making a judgement（时间：3 min.）

Present the types of the inference questions, ask the students to judge the types of some questions and show them question forms of the inference questions. Task1: 呈现阅读推理判断题类型

1. 推断隐含意义

2. 推断作者观点或态度

3. 推断写作目的

4. 推断文章出处

5. 推断目标读者

判断下列问题的类型

1.What does the author think of her mother’s English now? 判断题型_______________

2.This text is most probably taken from a ______.

判断题型_______________

3.The author wrote the story in order to ______.

判断题型_______________

4.Who are the intended readers of the passage?

判断题型___________ 5.We can infer from the passage that ________ .

判断题型___________ 【答案点拨】

1.推断作者观点或态度

2.推断文章出处

3.推断写作目的

4. 推断目标读者

5. 推断隐含意义

【设计意图】高一的学生对推理判断类的题型和提问形式不太清楚，因此此部分设

3

计主要是让学生熟悉并掌握推理判断类的题型和提问形式。

Task 2: 推理判断题的提问形式和标志性词语

(20 min) 1.

推断隐含含义

It can be inferred from the text that

.

The writer suggests that

.

The story implies that

.

We can conclude from the passage that

.

结论：

这类题干中通常含有_______________________________等标志性词语。

Example1: One day a man walked into a pet shop and said to the shop assistant，“I need two small mice and about five dozen roaches（蟑螂）

and two spiders（蜘蛛）.”“What do you need these things for?” the shop assistant was very

surprised." Well” replied the man，“I’m moving out of my apartment and the landlord insists that I should leave

the house in exactly the same condition as I found it.”

The passage suggests that when the writer moved into the apartment, it was ______.

A. very clean

B. just cleaned by the landlord

C. tidy and comfortable

D. dirty and full of insects 技巧点拨:

1. 找到信息源

2. 忠实原文

3. 不要选择表层信息

2. 推断作者的观点态度

What does the author think of _____?

What's the author's attitude toward_____?

In the author's opinion,

________. 结论：

这类题干中通常含有_______________________________等标志性词语。

Brainstorming:

Attitude/ feelings

Example2: “I know how to do this. I enjoy doing this,” said Paul Reeder, a book repair hobbyist. ...

Reeder has been repairing books since the 1940s. Over the years, he's worn many hats, yet his interest in book repair remained unchanged. What does Reeder think of

his work? A. It is a pleasure.

B. It is very boring. C. It is a lost art.

D. It is really difficult.

技巧点拨：注意作者表达感情色彩的形容词、副词、动词，情态动词，某些过渡词及所举的例子，推断出作者的弦外之音。

3. 如何推断写作目的

(1)整篇文章的写作目的

4

A. What is the writer's main purpose in this passage?

B. In the passage, the author wants to tell____.

C. In writing the passage, the author intends to____.

(2)考察某处细节的写作意图

A. The writer uses the example of ...to show that____. B. The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to ____.

结论:这类题干中通常含有_______________________________等标志性词语。

Brainstorming:

purpose

Example3: (2012全国卷Ⅱ) Cold weather can be hard on pets, just like it can be hard on people. Sometimes owners forget that their cats are just as used to the warm shelter (住所) as they are. Some owners will leave their animals outside for a long period of time, thinking that all animals are used to living outdoors. This can put their pets in danger of serious illness. There are things you can do to keep your animal warm and safe.

Keep your pets inside as much as you can when the weather is bad…

If left alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their search for warm shelter…

What is the

purpose

of the text?

A. To solve a problem.

B. To give practical advice. C. To tell an interesting story.

D. To present a research result. 技巧点拨：从文体类别来推断写作目的

Example4: Scientists today are making greater effort to study ocean currents (洋流). Most do it using satellites and other high-tech equipment. However, ocean expert Curtis Ebbesmeyer does it in a special way --- by studying movements of random floating garbage. A scientist with many years’ experience, he started this type of research in the early 1990s when he heard about hundreds of athletic shoes washing up on the shores of the northwest coast of the United States. There were so many shoes that people were setting up swap meets to try and match left and right shoes to sell or wear

What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?

A. To call people's attention to ocean pollution.

B. To warn people of shipping safety in the ocean.

C. To explain a unique way of studying ocean currents.

D. To give tips on how to search for lost objects on the beach.

技巧点拨：关注主题句1.段落中出现表转折的词语(如however, but, in fact, actually, while, on the

contrary, in contrast等)时，其后的句子很可能是主题句。

2.

表示总结或结论的句子中常有therefore，

thus，

in short，

conclude，

conclusion等词

5

4．如何推断文章出处

The passage is most likely to be taken from______. Where would this passage most probably appear? The passage is most likely a part of ___.

结论：

这类题干中通常含有_______________________________等标志性词语.

Brainstorming:

where

Example5: (2013全国卷Ⅰ)The baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital. She is quiet but alert (警觉)．Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it. She stares at it carefully. A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another，this time with the spots differently spaced. As the cards change from one to the other，her gaze(凝视) starts to lose its focus—until a third，with three black spots，is presented. Her gaze returns：she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card. Can she tell that the number two is different from three, just 24 hours after coming into the world?

Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? The same experiment，but with three spots shown before two, shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes…

Where does this text probably come from? A. Science fiction（科幻小说）

B. Children’s literature

C. An advertisement

D. A science report

技巧点拨：这类问题应从文章的内容或结构或典型的句子来判断其出处：

(1) 报纸：前面会

出现日期、地点或通讯社名称

(2) 广告：因其格式特殊，容易辨认

(3) 产品说明：器皿、设备的使用说明会有产品名称或操作方式，而药品的服用说明会告知服次数、药量等

(4)网络：www…com, blog , ebooks, click here…，Internet，update…

用时间、

5.推断目标读者

Who are the intended readers of the passage? Who is the passage written for ? 结论：

这类题干中通常含有_________________________ 等标志性词语。

Example6:

6

Sometimes you'll hear people say that you can't love others until you love yourself. Sometimes you'll hear people say that you can't expect someone else to love you until you love yourself. Either way, you've got to love yourself first and this can be tricky. Sure we all know that we're the apple of our parents' eyes, and that our Grandmas think we're great talents and our Uncle Roberts thinks we will go to the Olympics, but sometimes it's a lot harder to think such nice thoughts about ourselves. If you find that believing in yourself is a challenge, it is time you build a positive self-image and learn to love yourself. Who are the intended readers

of the passage? A.

Parents

B. Adolescents(青少年)

C. Educators

D. People in general

（普通大众）

【设计意图】该部分包括三步骤：第一步，判断问句中的关键词并总结这些问句所属的判断题的类别。第二步，做例题。第三步，总结例题所使用的解题技巧。通过这三步骤，使得学生进一步熟悉推理判断题不同类别的设问形式以及相对应的解题技巧。

Ⅵ：Practice:

(6 min) 1.

All of this was about more than convenience. There existed a close relationship between families and their milkmen. Mr. Basille even had a key to our house, for those times when it was so cold outside that we put the box indoors, so that the milk wouldn't freeze. And I remember Mr. Basille from time to time taking a break at our kitchen table, having a cup of tea and telling stories about his delivery. What can be inferred from the fact that the milkman had the key to the boy's house?

判断题型：___________

判断选项：________

A．He wanted to have tea there.

B．He was a respectable person. C．He was treated as a family member.

D．He was fully trusted by the family.

2. When I was a teenager, my mother’s broken English embarrassed（使…尴尬）

me. But now, I see it differently. To me, my mother’s English is perfectly clear, perfectly natural. It is my mother tongue. Her language, as I hear it, is vivid, direct, and full of observation and wisdom. It was the language that helped shape the way I saw things, expressed ideas, and made sense of the world.

What does the author think of her mother’s English now?

判断题型：___________

判断选项：________ A. It confuses her.

B. It embarrasses her. C. It helps her understand the world.

D. It helps her tolerate rude people

3.“Have you ever been out on a boat and felt it lifted up by a wave? Or have you jumped in the water and felt the rush of energy as waves came over you?” asked Jamie Taylor of the Wave Energy Group at the University of Edinburgh. “There is certainly a lot of energy in waves,” he said.

Scientists are working to use that energy to make electricity. Most waves are created when winds blow across the ocean. "The wind starts out by making little ripples, but if they keep on blowing, those ripples get bigger and bigger and turn into waves," Taylor said. "Waves are one of nature's ways of picking up energy and then sending it off on a journey."

The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to ______.

7

判断题型：___________

判断选项：________ A. test the readers’ knowledge about waves

B. draw the readers’ attention to the topic

C. show Jamie Taylor’s importance

D. invite the readers to answer them

4.

Holiday destinations for family fun

As Hunan Satellite TV’s program "Where Are We Going, Dad?" hits the screens, parents will be reminded of the significance of spending as much time as possible with their children. With Spring Festival approaching, leading global travel search site Tianxun.cn has selected three family friendly destinations for you to explore. ★

Queensland

…

★

Los Angeles

…

★

Jeju Island

…

Where does the passage most probably come from? 判断题型：___________

判断选项：________ A. A tourist map

B. A science textbook

C. A library guide

D. A news report. 5.

…

Our camps are offered during June, July and August 2017, for small groups of girls aged 13-16 years, not only from Canada but also other parts of the world.

…

The passage is written mainly for _________.

判断题型：___________

判断选项：________

A. horse riders

B. teenage girls

C. Canadian parents D. international travelers

【设计意图】运用所学技巧，进一步加强巩固练习。

Ⅶ

阅读理解推理判断题解题技巧

小结：(1min)

8

Ⅷ

学生自我评价

自评项目

5 4 3 2 1 清楚推理判断题的类型

了解推理判断题的设问形式

掌握了推理判断题的解题技巧

积极参与课堂

语篇训练：(8min)

When I was growing up in America, I was ashamed of my mother’s Chinese English. Because of her English, she was often treated unfairly. People in department stores, at banks, and at restaurants did not take her seriously, pretended not to understand her, or even acted as if they did not hear her. My mother has realized the disadvantages of her English as well. When I was fifteen, she used to have me call people on phone to pretend I was she. I was forced to ask for information or even to yell at people who had been rude to her. One time I had to call her stockbroker. I said in a voice that was not very convincing, “This is Mrs. Tan.” And my mother was standing beside me, whispering loudly, “Why he doesn’t send me the cheek. It’s already two weeks late.”

And then, in perfect English I said: “I’m getting rather anxious .You agreed to send the check two weeks ago, but it hasn’t arrived.” Then she talked more loudly. “What does he want? I’ll come to New York and say it in front of his boss.” And so I turned to the stockbroker again, “I can’t accept any more excuses. If I don’t receive the check immediately, I have to speak to your manager when I am in New York next week.”

The next week we ended up in New York. While I was sitting there red-faced, my mother, the real Mrs. Tan, was shouting to his boss in her broken English. When I was a teenager, my mother’s broken English embarrassed me. But now, I see it differently. To me, my mother’s English is perfectly clear, perfectly natural. It is my mother tongue. Her language, as I hear it, is clear and direct. It was the language that helped me form the way I saw things, expressed ideas, and made sense of the world.

1. Why was the author’s mother poorly treated?

9

A．She couldn’t speak English well.

B．Her English was very good.

C．She was not clearly heard.

D．She was not very polite.

2. From Paragraph 2, what can we

know about the author? A．She was good at pretending.

B．She was rude to the stockbroker.

C．She was ready to help her mother.

D．She was unwilling to phone for her mother

3. What does the author think of her mother’s English now? A．It confuses her.

B．It embarrasses（使…尴尬）her.

C．It helps her understand the world.

D．It helps her forgive rude people.

4. What can we

infer from

the passage? A．Chinese English is clear and natural to native speakers.

B．Chinese English may bring inconvenience in America.

C．Chinese English has a very bad name in America.

D．Chinese English is impolite to native speakers.

5. What is the best title of the passage? A．Great Mother

B．A Chance

C．Mother’s Chinese English

D．Perfect English

【设计意图】运用所学技巧，进一步加强巩固练习。从整体上把握推理判断题的解题技巧。

课外探究---小组合作：

阅读下列短文，根据推理判断题的出题形式设计1-3道推理判断题以及合理的答案，并说明答案的来由。

A young man from a village called Nawalapitiya married a young woman from Maliyuwa, a nearby village. They lived with the man's big family--his parents, his brothers, their wives and children. The family kept an elephant, in which the young woman soon took a great interest. Every day she fed it with fruit and sugar.

Three months later the woman went back to her parents' home, having quarreled with her husband. Soon the elephant refused to eat or work. It appeared to be ill and heart-broken. One morning after several weeks the animal disappeared from the house.

It went to the woman's home. On seeing her, the elephant waved its trunk and touched her with it. The young woman was so moved by the act of the animal that she returned to her husband’s home.

【设计意图】从出题者的角度出发，让学生来设计推理判断题的出题形式和答案设计，并且通过小组活动的形式，让学生彼此交流答案。开拓学生的推理判断思维。

板书设计

Reading comprehension ---inference questions Types key words 1. 推断隐含意义 infer/ imply…

10

2. 推断作者观点或态度 attitude/ think of…

3. 推断写作目的 purpose… 4. 推断文章出处 come from…

5. 推断目标读者 intended readers…

教学总结及反思：

11