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Book 8 unit 4

Grammar ---Revise the past participle as the adverbial

Period 1 一、教材分析： 本课是结合人教版高中英语教材选修5中有关过去分词的语法内容，进行过去分词的复习学习，教学中将语法知识的传授和语言基本技能的学习结合到一起，注重复习语法与语言的运用。采用任务型教学法和小组合作探究学习法，从而扩大课堂的语言输入量及学生的语言输出量。 二、学情分析： 在高一英语学习基础上，学生已经掌握基本的语言结构和一定程度的听说读写能力。在复习的过程中，结合学生原有的知识掌握水平，巩固基础强化正确使用语法知识，提高学生运用语言的深度和难度.但大部分学生的基础知识仍然较为薄弱，运用英语进行交际活动的能力较差，主动学习的动力不够，部分学生的基础都可以，都能主动配合老师。只有设置使他们感兴趣的活动，因材施教，才能让他们投入到课堂活动中来。 三、教学目标: Teaching aims:

1. Enable the students to use the past particles as the adverbial 2. Help the students learn how to use the past particles as the adverbial 四、教学重点和难点

Teaching important & difficult point 1）Get students to learn and consolidate how to use the past participle as the adverbial correctly. 2）Teach Ss how to use the past particles as adverbial correctly in writing. 五、Teaching procedures ：

Step I Warming up by looking for the Past Participle as the Adverbial Let’s go over the play Fateful Meetings to look for some sentences of the Past Participle as the Adverbial, underline the Past Participle

and summarize the function of the Past Participle .

1. 例句观察：

Eg1. Now once taught by me, she’d become an upper class lady…

2). Sir, once educated to speak properly, that girl could pass herself off in three months…. 3). Although wounded all over , the brave soldiers continued to fight. 4) . Lost in the forest, you should first of all remain where you are….. 5) . Serious injured, he had to be taken to hospital. 6.) Followed by his wolf dog, the hunter walked slowly in the forest. 7) . He was found lying on the ground, his hands tied. 1

Step2. 探究发现：

【归纳1】：

句（1）至（7）的过去分词短语分别表示动作的 、 、 、 、 和 。还可以发现作状语的表示 、 、 、 和 的过去分词短语大多数放在 ，但作状语的表示 和 的过去分词短语放在句子的 。每一种状语都可以转换为相应的状语从句

【归纳2】

从以上的例句中可以看出：

1. 过去分词作状语表示_____的和______的动作。

2. ①作状语时,其逻辑主语是主句的主语；②且与主语之间存在着被动关系。

3. 分词作状语，可以在分词前面带上相应的连词，如例句1 和2 。

如if/ when / while / once /unless / because/ although…

Practice 1. 观察句子并填空（小试身手）

1. When the sheep is attacked by a wolf, it is very afraid. (When) __________ (attack) by a wolf, the sheep was very afraid. 2. . Because the girl was greatly touched by her teacher’s words, she did a lot of things to help her classmates. Greatly ________ (touch)

by the teacher’s words, she did a lot of things to help her classmates. Step 3 . Summarize the usages of the Past Participle as the Adverbial. 【观察2】你能从下列例句中总结出过去分词作状语的使用规律吗？



（1）When it is heated, ice will be changed into water. →When heated, ice will be changed into water . 

(2)（Because it was done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes. →Done in a hurry his homework was full of mistakes （3）If we are united, we stand; if we are divided, we fall. →

United, we stand; divided, we fall. (4) Although they are exhausted by the climb, they continued their journey.

→ (Although) Exhausted by the climb, they continued their journey。 

5）The hunter left his house, and he was followed by his dog. →The hunter left his house, followed by his dog..

6) Mosquitoes should be completely exterminated where they are found. → Mosquitoes should be completely exterminated where found.

【归纳3】

从以上的例句中可以看出：

1.过去分词短语作 ，相当于when引导的 ___________ 从句，见例（1）。

2. 过去分词短语作 ，相当于because, as, since引导的

_______ 从句，或改写成so连接的并列句，见例（2）

3. 过去分词短语作 ，相当于if, unless引导的 __________ 2

从句，见例（3）。

4.过去分词短语作 ，相当于although, though引导的

_________ 从句，或改写成but连接的并列句，见例（4）。

5.过去分词短语作 ，可以改写成and连接的并列句，见例（5）

6. 由 where, wherever 连词引导，表示“地点”。作地点状语，如例（6）

Practice 2：

1）

请你尝试把例句观察中的6个句子改写成状语从句或并列句。

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 【观察3】

请你仔细观察下列三个句子，它们与上述例句有何不同？

(1) Don’t go there unless invited. =Don’t go there unless invited. ( 2 )If caught cheating, the student would be punished. = If he(she) is caught cheating, the student would be punished. ( 3 )Even if invited, I won’t go. = Even if I am invited, I won’t go. 【归纳4】

有时为了表明是作何种状语，当从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，常将从句中的 省去，只留下从属连词和过去分词（短语）。常这样用的从属连词有：if ,though, unless, unless, until,when, while, as if, even if, once, whenever等。

Practice 3：用分词结构美化下列句子。

1. When he was questioned, he kept silent. (When)____________, he kept silent. 2. Because she was shocked by the article, she wrote a letter to the newspaper. _______ by the article, she wrote a letter to …

3. Because he was lost in thought, he ran into the car in front of him. _______ in thought, he ran into …

4. If he is given more time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player.  ______ (give) more time, he’ll make a first-class…

5.You should remain silent at the conference unless you are invited to speak.  (Unless)_______ to speak, you should remain …

6. Though he was asked to stop, the moved speaker kept on talking at the meeting.  (Though)_______ to stop, the moved speaker….

7. He returned after a long journey, and he was tired out. He returned after a long journey, _____________. 3

注意 1： 1. 有些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表被动而表主动。

这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：

lost （迷路）； seated （坐）；

hidden （躲）； stationed （驻扎 lost in…（沉溺于）； born in/ on （出身于） dressed in （穿着）；tired of （厌烦）。 2. be+过去分词”构成的短语通常表示主语的一种状态。去掉be后，通常可用过去分词作状语：eg, 

be worried about 对„„担心 // be lost in thought陷入沉思 

be addicted to 对„„沉迷 // be faced with面临



be interested in对„„感兴趣,// be devoted to doing致力于某事 // be absorbed/lost/ buried in专注于某事



be concerned about对„„关注

//

be pleased with

//be satisfied with对„„满意 be surprised/amazed at /by对。。惊讶 

be armed/ equipped with装备着 // be dressed in 穿着 

be seated on/in坐在 // be located in/on/at坐落在某处



be engaged to与„„订婚 // be engaged in 忙于某事 

be caught / trapped in被困，突然遇到 // be delighted at 对….高兴 be thrilled at对。。兴奋 be dressed in 穿着。。。。



// be determined to do下定决心做某事

… be married …结婚了

3. 有些过去分词已经形容词化，作状语时表示人的状态， eg, satisfied, surprised,

interested, moved,

worried,

pleased,

disappointed, determined, thrilled, tired, exhausted, absorbed/ lost in …

【Practice4 】 根据汉语意思，完成句子。

（1）埋头于书本，他没有注意到我走进房间。

, he didn’t notice me enter the room.

（2）由于陷入沉思中，他几乎撞到前面的小汽车。

, he almost ran into the car in front of him. （3）厌倦了乏味的讲话，他拿出一本小说开始读起来。

, he took out a novel and began to read it. 4) ________ another hour, I can also work out this problem. 再给我一个小时，我也能解这道题。

5 ) _________ in a heavy rain, he was all wet. 因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了

6) _________________ (从山上看), the lake looks beautiful. 7) ______________ difficulties, we must try to overcome them. 面对困难的时候，我们必须设法克服。 【观察4】

请你仔细观察下列两个句子，你能说出过去分词（done）与现在分词完成被动式(having been done)在句中作状语有何不同吗？

(1)Deeply moved by the movie, the children began to cry. (2)Having been shown around the library, we were shown around the lab. 【归纳5】

过去分词（done）与现在分词完成被动式(having been done)在句中作状语的辨析：过去分词作状语侧重的是 ，即不强调动作在时间的先后；4

现在分词的完成被动式侧重的是 ，既强调动作在时间的先后。

【Practice 5 】

1. Though he had been told many times ,he couldn’t understand it. ______________________________________________________（用分词状语改写）

2.. ________________( punish) by his boss, he was in a very bad mood. 3. __________________ ( cheat) by that company many times, he lost all his possessions. 4. ______________(find) a hold in her stocking, Mandy said to her friend, “I will buy another pair and meet you in two hours’ time.”

【观察5】

选用分词作状语时，何时用现在分词，何时用过去分词呢？

（1） Seeing nobody at home, I had to leave. （2） Seen from the hill, our school is more beautiful. 【归纳5】

1. 选用分词作状语时,首先要弄清句子主语和分词之间的逻辑关系，如果句子的主语（分词的逻辑主语）与分词构成 关系，则用现在分词作状语，表 ; 如果句子的主语（分词的逻辑主语）与分词构成 关系，则用过去分词作状语，表 。

2. 分词作状语答题记忆口诀: 分词作状语，主语是问题。 逗号前后两动作，共用一主语。

主语找出后，再来判关系。

主动-ing,被动用-ed。

Having done 表先后，表示状语的动作发生在主句谓语动作之前， Having been done表示状语的动作发生在主句谓语动作之前的被动动作,千万要牢记。

【Practice 6 】

1）_________ for a long time, the book looks old. _________ the book, I find it useful. （use）

2) ______________ from the hill, the city is beautiful. ______________ from the hill, you can see the city is beautiful. (see) 3)

________ (follow）the old man, we went upstairs ________ (follow) by the old man, we went upstairs. 【注意2】

过去分词做状语时，其逻辑主语一般情况下通常是句子的主语。但是，过去分词的逻辑主语若不是句子的主语时，通常会将逻辑主语保留。这种结构中过去分词带有自己的逻辑主语。这种现象叫分词的独立结构。只用来做状语表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随情况。

1)The table set, they began to have lunch. 桌子摆好后，他们开始吃午饭。（表时间）2) All his money gone, he began to look for a job. 所有的钱用光了，他就开始找工作。（表原因）

3) All things considered, the meeting had to be put off. 如果全面考虑，会议不得不推迟。（表条件）

4) He was lying on the grass, his hands crossed under his head. 他躺在草地上，头枕着双手。（表方式）

5) He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat. 5

他满脸是汗地跑进屋里。（表伴随）

【Practice 7】

用适当的词填空

1) His work_________________（ finish）, he prepared to go home. 2) Time _____________(permit). We will go camping. 3)His age ______________(consider) , he is not fit for the job. 4) It ___________(be) the weekend, the shops are opened later. Step 4. Practice 1. Ask Ss to do Ex.1 完成句子（用所给词适当形式填空）on P53 (金版学案) 2. 做单句改错：

1） Losing in thought, he didn’t hear what he said at all. 2) He left without saying a word, being tired of the speech. 3) Though being told to stop, the excited speaker kept on talking at the meeting. 4. Giving more time, I will do it better. 5) The teacher stood there, surrounding by his students. 6) Being Sunday , the shops are closed .

Step5. Homework 1 用分词

翻译

下列句子

1.Helen Keller 于1880年6月出生于美国，是二十世纪最伟大的女性之一。 2.（2013年广东高考）志愿者厌倦了地球生活，想体验火星生活。 3.(2004年辽宁高考改编) 受到美景的吸引，世界各地人们都去桂林旅游。 4.(2011年四川高考改编)这部电影给Andy提供了一个重要的角色，使她有了成名的机会。

5. 坐落在中国的南部，湛江是个漂亮的滨海城市。

教学反思

通过这节语法教学课，我深刻体会到设计真实的语法情境，让学生在观察到发现，再总结到运用、交际的交互式中学习语法，可以把语法课上好上“活”。在语法课的教学设计和课堂操作过程中我应注意以下2点：目标的设定和任务的设计，教学活动和任务的设计应符合学生的年龄特点和生活背景，任务的难度应该是有层次性的，保证每个学生都有能力参与任务的完成。

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