Learning about Language教案教学设计导入设计

Period Two

Learning about Language & Using Language

Ⅰ.重点单词

1.compulsory adj.必须做的；义务的；强迫的；强制的

2.owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于……

3.shortly adv.立刻；不久

short adj.短的

4.retire vi.退休；离开

retirement n.退休；离开

5.bother vt.打扰；vi.操心；n.烦扰

6.assumption n.假定；设想

7.regulation n.规则；规章；法规

regular adj.有规律的；规则的；定期的；经常的

regularly adv.定期地

8.strike vi.& vt.(struck；struck)打；撞击；罢工；n.罢工

9.initial adj.最初的；开始的

initially adv.开始；最初

10.vain adj.虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的

11.resist vt.抵抗；对抗

resistance n.抵抗；阻力；抗力；电阻

12.drawback n.缺点；不利条件

13.merely adv.仅；只；不过

mere adj.仅仅；只不过

14.decoration n.装饰

decorate v.装饰；装修

15.adore vt.崇拜；爱慕；喜爱

adoration n.崇拜；爱慕；受崇拜(或爱慕)的对象

adorable adj.可爱的

16.reasonable adj.合情理的；讲道理的；公道的

reason n.原因；理由

Ⅱ.重点短语

1.(be) bound to (do)...一定或注定(做)……

2.strike...into one’s heart使……刻骨铭心

3.from time to time不时；偶尔

4.bring back to life使复生；使复活

5.in vain白费力气；枉费心机

6.in good/poor condition状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏) Ⅲ.好句积累

1. Her memory is so excellent that

she could remember the exact names of the side roads we passed on the way. 她的记忆力非常好，能够准确记住在路上我们所经历的岔路的名字。

2.Did she die young because she was a clone? 因为她是克隆的，所以才早逝了吗？

3.Diversity in a group means having animals with their genes arranged in different ways. 群体的多样性是指这群动物的基因要以不同的方式排列。

4.It would be unfair to clone any extinct animals if they were to live in a zoo. 如果让克隆出来的绝种动物生活在动物园里，那是不公平的。

Ⅰ.课文判断正(T)误(F) 1.Scientists are still experimenting with cloning mammals because they think it can make money.(

F

) 2.Diversity in a group helps prevent animals from dying of the same illness.(

T

) 3.Zoos are appropriate to cloned animals.(

F

) 4.Scientists can only clone animals extinct 10,000 years ago.(

F

) Ⅱ.课文阅读理解

1.The writer of the text

. A.is excited by the possibility of cloning fierce and extinct animals B.believes that extinct animals can be brought back to life by cloning C.thinks it impossible or unsuitable to clone extinct animals like dinosaurs D.dreams of dinosaurs returning to the earth 答案

C 2.The film Jurassic

Park is popular because

. A.people are interested in the subject of cloning B.it was directed by a scientist who clones dinosaurs

C.all the actors are dinosaurs D.it proves very interesting 答案

A 3.Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A.Mice were cloned in 1981. B.Dolly the sheep was the first cloned animal. C.The name of the cloned cow is “Bison”.

D.China was successful in cloning mammals. 答案

D 4.The reasons why a group of cloned animals all die of the same illness do NOT include that

. A.they have the same arrangement of genes B.there isn’t enough diversity in the group for it to overcome illnesses C.the illness is a new one D.their arrangement of genes can not resist that new disease 答案

C 5.We can infer from the text that

. A.scientists are experimenting to clone dinosaurs B.dinosaurs will never return to the earth C.cloned animals will only live in the zoo D.the DNA of dinosaurs can only survive 10,000 years 答案

B

1.You owe the lady an apology.你欠这位女士一个道歉。

[归纳拓展]

(1)owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于

owe sb.sth./owe sth.to sb.欠某人某物

owe sth.to sb./sth.把某事归功于某人或某事

owe it to sb.that...把……归功于某人

(2)owing to因为，由于

[语境助记]

(1)She owes her friend five yuan. 她欠朋友五元钱。

(2)How much do I owe you for the books?

买这些书我得给你多少钱？

(3)He owed his success to his hard work. 他把他的成功归功于他的努力。

[题组训练]

单句语法填空

(1)I owe it to you that I finished my work on time. (2)Was it owing(owe) to bad weather that they had to change the schedule of leaving? (3)He owed his success to several books he read in his childhood. 2.However，the problem that she later developed a serious lung disease bothered scientists.然而，她后来得了严重的肺病，这个问题让科学家们烦心。

[归纳拓展]

bother vt.打扰；vi.操心；n.烦扰

bother sb.about/with sth.因某事打扰或麻烦某人

bother to do sth.费心去做某事

It bothers sb.that...使某人烦恼的是……

a bother 讨厌的人或事

put sb.to any bother给某人添乱

[语境助记]

(1)I don’t want to bother you with my problem. 我不想因我的问题打扰你。

(2)He didn’t even bother to let me know he was coming. 他甚至都没有通知我他要来。

(3)It bothers me that he hasn’t been telling me the truth. 他一直没有对我讲真话，这让我很苦恼。

[题组训练]

(1)单句语法填空

①She often bothers me with/about her personal affairs. ②You needn’t have bothered to wait(wait) for me. ③I didn’t put you to any bother that day. ④Oh，would you mind？I hate to be a bother. (2)单句改错

Although we’ve been delighted to have you as neighbors，we’re hoping to settle something that bothers to us.(2014·辽宁，短文改错) 3.Dolly’s death，like her birth，was bound to raise worries.

多莉之死，正如它的出世一样，注定要带来焦虑。

[归纳拓展]

(be) bound to (do)...一定/注定(做)……

(be) bound for...准备到……去的；开往……的

be bound up in sth.热衷于/忙于某事

be bound up with...与……有密切关系

[语境助记]

(1)Even when walking in the company of two other men，I am bound to learn from them.(Confucius) 三人行，必有我师焉。(孔子) (2)The plane is bound for New York. 这架飞机飞往纽约。

(3)His life was bound up in the study of nuclear physics. 他毕生专心于核物理研究。

[题组训练]

(1)You’ve done so much work that you are bound to pass the exam. 你下了这么大的工夫，一定会通过这次考试的。

(2)He is bound up in his work with old people. 他专心致志于老年人的工作。

(3)Our memories and habits are bound up with the structure of the brain. 我们的记忆和习惯与脑的构造有密切的联系。

4.The popularity of films such as Jurassic Park，in which a scientist clones several kinds of extinct dinosaurs，proves how the idea struck a mixture of fear and excitement into people’s hearts.在《侏罗纪公园》这部影片中，有一位科学家克隆了好几种不同的绝种恐龙。类似这样的电影很受欢迎，证明了这一想法使人们感到既兴奋又恐惧。

[归纳拓展]

strike v.(struck，struck)打；撞击；罢工；(灾难、疾病等)袭击；打动；擦，划(火柴)；(钟)敲，鸣；n.罢工

strike...into one’s heart使……刻骨铭心

strike sb.on/in＋the＋身体部位

敲打某人的身体部位

It strikes sb.that...某人突然想起……

be struck by/with sb./sth.被某人/某物打动

be on strike在罢工

go on strike举行罢工

[语境助记]

(1)The failure of their team struck sadness into his heart. 他们队的失利让他很伤心。

(2)It strikes me that there was no one in the office. 我突然想起办公室里没有人。

(3)The audience were struck by the film Mermaid directed by Zhou Xingchi. 观众都被周星驰导演的电影《美人鱼》打动了。

[题组训练]

(1)写出下列句子中strike的汉语意思

①The clock has just struck 10.(钟)敲

②He hit me，so I struck him back.打

③The girl struck a match and lit a candle.划(火柴) ④She was struck by his kindness.打动

⑤They have been on strike for several days.罢工

⑥A big earthquake struck the area last week.袭击

(2)单句语法填空

①It struck her that she could buy her mother a new sweater. ②The old city was struck(strike) by a heavy snow last night. ③The strike has been on for more than ten days. (3)单句改错

∧A snowball struck him on

the back of the head. 5....but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.……但其他的将存活下来并把抵抗这种病的能力传给下一代。

[归纳拓展]

(1)resist vt.抵抗；对抗；忍住

resist sb./sth.抵抗/抵制某人/某物

resist doing sth.抵制做某事

can’t resist doing sth.忍不住做某事

(2)resistant adj.抵抗的，有抵抗力的

be resistant to对……有抵抗力

(3)resistance n.抗拒，反对

[语境助记]

(1)I don’t know how to resist my anger. 我不知道怎样抑制我的愤怒。

(2)For me，it is hard to resist a challenge like that. 对于我来说，很难抗拒那样的挑战。

(3)The bank strongly resisted cutting interest rates. 银行强烈反对降低利率。

[题组训练]

用所给动词的正确形式填空

(1)There has been a lot of resistance(resist) to this new law. (2)I couldn’t resist having(have) a look at her diary. (3)They are some people who are stubbornly resistant(resist) to change. 6.The dodo became extinct fairly recently so its DNA is still in good condition.渡渡鸟刚刚灭绝，因此它的DNA的状况良好。

[归纳拓展]

in good/poor condition情况/状况很好/很坏

out of condition状况不好；身体欠佳

on condition (that)...在……条件下；倘若……

on no condition无论如何都不；决不(置于句首时，句子部分倒装) on this/that condition在这种/那种条件下

[语境助记]

(1)The ship is in poor condition to make a long voyage. 这艘船状况不好，不适宜远航。

(2)He is overweight and out of condition. 他太胖，健康状况不佳。

(3)They agreed to lend us the car on condition that we returned it before the weekend. 他们同意借车给我们，条件是周末以前归还。

(4)On this condition you may go home earlier. 在这种情况下，你可以早一点回家。

[题组训练]

(1)完成句子

①On no condition must you tell him what happened. 你决不能把发生的事情告诉他。

②I needn’t buy a new car as my old one is still in good condition. 我不需要买新车，因为我的那辆旧车状况依旧很好。

③I agree to his suggestion on condition (that) he drops all charges. 我同意他的建议，条件是他降低所有的费用。

(2)单句改错

①The old car is in a bad condition. ②He promised to lend me the book in

condition that I could return it on time. on7.Did she die young because she was a clone? 因为她是克隆的，所以才早逝了吗？

[归纳拓展]

young 为形容词，在句中作状语。

形容词(短语)或形容词化的分词有时起状语作用，表示原因、时间、伴随、方式等或说明主语的状态、特征等。

[语境助记]

(1)We arrived home very late，safe and sound. 我们回家很晚，安然无恙。

(2)He went to bed，exhausted. 他精疲力竭地上床睡觉了。

(3)Come to work happy and go back home safe. 高高兴兴上班来，平平安安回家去。

[题组训练]

单句改错

(1)After the long journey，the three of them went back home，hungry but (2)The frightened thief hid himself in the dark corner of the yard，happily. happyquietly

and cold. quietSurprising(3)

and happy，the boy stood up to answer the question. Surprised

Ⅰ.语境填词

A)根据汉语或首字母提示，写出所缺单词

1.It is not merely(仅仅) a job，but a way of life. 2.His enthusiasm for study struck(打动) his teacher favorably. 3.When she got to the place，she could not resist(忍住) going in. 4.She picked a large bunch of flowers for table decoration(装饰). 5.One drawback of this air conditioner is the high cost. B)在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或所提供单词的正确形式

6.The sports meeting was put off owing(owe) to the bad weather.

7.He told me that his grandfather was a retired(retire) airline pilot. 8.He said that he would give me a reasonable(reason) explanation. 9.They are bound for movies. 10.The death of his good friend struck sadness into his heart. Ⅱ.选词填空

end in；in vain；from time to time；bring back to life；look back on

11.I like to look back on my high-school days，which were the happiest in my life. 12.The girl tried in vain to catch the butterfly on the flower. 13.All their efforts ended in failure. 14.We still see her from time to time，but not very often. 15.Anyway he was dead.No one could bring him back to life. Ⅲ.完成句子

16.Afraid of the dog，the little girl doesn’t dare to go near the house. 这个小女孩因为怕狗，不敢走近房屋。

17.For a moment she just stood there，unable to believe what had just happened. 她在那儿呆呆地站了一会儿，不能相信刚才发生的事情。

18.It struck me that nobody was in favour of his plan. 我突然想到没有人支持他的计划。

19.If I were you，I would work harder at my lessons. 如果我是你，我就会努力学习。

20.You may have a rest on condition that you finish your work in time. 只要你按时完成你的工作，你就可以休息。

Ⅳ.阅读理解

People in several American states may be surprised to see cars on city streets without a driver.Experimental driverless vehicles now are legal in Florida，Nevada and California.They are pointing the way to a future that is not far down the road.The high-tech company Google has a number of self-driving cars，which had covered 480,000 kilometers by August.Volvo is among the companies doing road tests and says it plans to sell driverless cars by 2020. In September，California Governor Jerry Brown signed an act to allow autonomous vehicles on the roads of his state.“Today we’re looking at science fiction becoming tomorrow’s reality—the driverless car.”

The technology for these cars includes cameras，radar and motion sensors.The systems have been improved through competitions sponsored by the U.S.government agency DARPA.Engineer Richard Mason of the Rand Corporation helped design driverless vehicles for DARPA challenge races. Cars have become much more fuel-efficient，and new electronic features are making Hondas

safer，said Angie Nucci of Honda America，“A camera on the passenger-side mirror actually engaged on your guiding screen so you can safely change lanes.” Other safety features include warning systems on the front and the sides of the cars.These systems help drivers，but don’t replace them.Curator Leslie Kendall of the Petersen Automotive Museum said autonomous cars will make the high ways safer. “By taking out drivers，you also remove most risks of an accident，” Kendall said.He said consumers，however，may be unwilling to lose control.“It may take them time to come to realize that the technology is indeed reliable，but it will have to prove itself first.”

Mason said the technology already works and the biggest challenge now is getting down the cost for driverless vehicles from hundreds of thousands of dollars to something more affordable.He said this will happen as the technology is improved. 21.According to the passage，California Governor Jerry Brown

. A.is for the idea of having driverless cars B.sponsored the DARPA competition to improve the driverless system C.has already bought a new autonomous car D.thinks that driving safety is the most important issue in his state 答案

A 解析

细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“In September，California Governor Jerry Brown signed an act to allow autonomous vehicles on the roads of his state.”可知选A。

22.What is the role of the systems mentioned in Paragraph 3? A.They can help cars run much faster. B.They can take the place of drivers now. C.They can make cars run without fuel. D.They can help people drive more safely. 答案

D 解析

推理判断题。根据第三段中的“‘A camera on the passenger-side mirror actually engaged on your guiding screen so you can safely change lanes.’Other safety features include warning systems on the front and the sides of the cars.”可知，这些系统的作用是它们可以帮助人们更安全地驾驶。故选D。

23.In Kendall’s opinion，who probably don’t rely on the driverless cars at first? A.Managers in the high-tech company like google. B.Officers from the U.S.government agency DARPA. C.Car consumers. D.Vehicle designers. 答案

C 解析

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句“He said consumers，however，may be unwilling to

lose control.”可知选C。

24.According to Richard Mason，what is the biggest challenge for driverless cars? A.They need to have more comfortable seats. B.They are now too expensive for consumers. C.They are travelling at a low speed. D.They are not favored by car racers. 答案

B 解析

细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Mason said the technology already works and the biggest challenge now is getting down the cost for driverless vehicles from hundreds of thousands of dollars to something more affordable.”可知，对于消费者来说，这种车可能是太贵了。

Ⅴ.七选五

How to Keep a Relationship Healthy and Strong

Are you new to experiencing relationships? Well，let me give you advice on having a healthy and possibly long-term relationship.

25

Do not hide things from them.Do not lie.Don’t be afraid to say things that aren’t very flattering about yourself.Getting them to trust you is the most important element in any relationship.If there’s no trust，there’s nothing there.So please be honest and they’ll learn to open up to you. Make sure you give them respect.Now respect isn’t just simply treating her or him nicely.There’s a lot more to it.You have to learn to adjust to their liking.

26

Don’t just think about yourself.Think about what your partner needs out of it as well.

27

Always be willing to help them and give them honesty and positivity at the same time.Make them feel you are someone they can really count on and build a future with.This is an important step in a relationship.Your partner has to be able to count on you when needed. Make sure you have a good sense of humor with them.Laughter is the key to happiness.Laugh a lot with them.Joke with them.Laughter may seem silly，but it’s the secret to a lot in life.It will keep the sparks alive.

28

Make sure the communication is good.This goes along with trust，but always communicate how you feel，even if it’s something that upsets you.Instead of screaming，talk to them.

29

It’s important to communicate this to them，not keep it bottled up. A.If they did something that made you unhappy，tell them about it in a respectful manner. B.Laughter keeps the relationship strong and lasting. C.Make sure you are reliable to your partner. D.Be an honest person with them. E.Don’t start to neglect them and make them feel unwanted. F.Basically，learn to study your partners’ moods，wants and needs.

G.Show them your personality. 答案

25.D

26.F

27.C

28.B

29.A Ⅵ.语法填空

Jonny：Hey！I’m just practicing tai chi(太极).Would you like to join me? Peter：I know nothing about it.Is it difficult? Jonny：It seems easy，but you need a lot of practice.You just follow me like this. Peter：OK.Don’t laugh 30.at me.I may look funny. Jonny：Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches，naturally and 31.softly(soft).Try to keep your body straight.Move slowly，then be sure to keep your balance and don’t let your body shake. Peter：I cannot control my body well.My legs become 32.painful(pain). Jonny：Keep 33.holding(hold) your position for a while.It helps develop your strength and flexibility.Raise your leg and let 34.it stay in the air for seconds. Peter：I feel my legs shaking.I cannot do this any longer. Jonny：Be patient！Tai chi 35.is called(call) “shadow boxing” in English.It asks you to act like water：to be flexible as well 36.as strong.In real competition，a tai chi master borrows the strength of the competitor and uses this energy to fight back.The 37.harder(hard) you try to beat him，the more likely you will get hit.He controls you! Peter：Unbelievable！Oh...,38.if you don’t mind，I’ll stop and take a deep 39.breath. Ⅶ.短文改错

(2016·辽宁沈阳二中高三期中) Last week I went to pay a visit for my former neighbor，Mr.Yang.He and I used to living next to each other for many years.About half a year ago，an order came which the old building，along with many other similar ones，were going to be pulled down to make room for a main street. So I had to be separated.Mr.Yang now lives in the suburb near a beautiful park.His new apartment is much more bigger than before.The only problem is that it took quite a long time to get to the downtown area.Therefore，Mr.Yang doesn’t seem to worry about the long distance.He says that new subway line is to be built in a few year and he is sure life will be better in the future. 答案

Last week I went to pay a visit forliving

my former neighbor，Mr.Yang.He and I used to

tolivewhich

the old building，thatnext to each other for many years.About half a year ago，an order came werealong with many other similar ones，

going to be pulled down to make room for a main street. was

So I

had to be separated.Mr.Yang now lives in the suburb near a beautiful park.His new wetook

quite a long time to takesapartment is much more bigger than before.The only problem is that it get to the downtown area.Therefore，Mr.Yang doesn’t seem to worry about the long distance.He Howeveryear∧says that a

new subway line is to be built in a few

and he is sure life will be better in the yearsfuture. Ⅷ.微写作

写作素材

1.人们对克隆有不同的看法。

2.有些人很沮丧，因为他们认为这在伦理上是不合理的，应该被禁止。

3.实际上有许多国家从事这个课题并获得重大的突破。

4.所以我们无法抗拒它。

提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。

补全短文

People’s ideas of 40.cloning 41.differ.Some feel 42.cast down because they think it is not 43.morally reasonable and should 44.be forbidden.Actually many countries 45.undertake it and 46.obtain great breakthroughs.So we 47.are unable to 48.resist it.