Learning about Language优秀教案范文

A Design of Teaching for Unit 3 Inventors and inventions Period 2 Grammar: The Past Participle as Attribute, Predicative and Object Complement

甘小薇

ⅠTeaching Goals Enable the students to master the usage of the past participles as predicative, attribute and object complement better by revising it.

ⅡTeaching important ＆

difficult points

To analyse and distinguish the different usage of the past participle in the concrete context. ⅢTeaching methods Explanation, Practice.

ⅣTeaching aids a blackboard.

Teaching Design Procedure

1.The basic flow chart of teaching Revision →

Presentation and exercise →Test for goal →

Summary →Post-teaching 2.Teaching situation:

Step1:动词-ed形式作定语

过去分词作定语往往与被修饰的词靠得很紧, 渐渐地成为一个复合词。这种分词叫分词形容词

(the Participle Adjective), 实际上相当于一个单纯的形容词, 除表示“完成”的动作之外, 还表示“被动”的意义。如：

spoken English (英语口语)；iced beer (冰冻啤酒)；cooked food (熟食); fried chips (炸土豆条); 【重点和难点】——前置定语和后置定语

1. 不及物动词的过去分词也可作定语，一般作前置定语，不表示被动意义，只强调动作完成。如：fallen leaves落叶；retired workers退休工人；the risen sun升起的太阳。

2. 如果被修饰的词是由every / some / any / no + thing / body / one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those或these等时，即使是单一的过去分词作定语，也要放在被修饰词的后面。如：

There is nothing changed here since I left this town. 3. 过去分词短语有时还可用作非限制性定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，前后用逗号分开。如：

Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never seen a train. 4. 用作前置定语的过去分词通常来自及物动词，带有被动意义和完成意义。例

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如：

We like skating in the frozen lake in the winter. =We like skating in the lake which has been frozen in the winter. How many finished products have you got up to now? =How many products that have been finished have you got up to now? a) 来自不及物动词的过去分词很少能单独用作前置定语，能作这样用的仅限以下几个词，这时仅表示完成意义，不表示被动意义。例如：

a retired worker=a worker who has retired an escaped prisoner=a prisoner who has escaped a faded / withered flower=a flower that has faded / withered fallen leaves=leaves that have fallen the risen sun=the sun that has just risen a returned student=a student who has returned vanished treasure=treasure that has vanished b) 用作后置定语的过去分词通常也来自及物动词，表示被动意义和完成意义。这时过去分词相当于一个定语从句。例如：

1.Things seen are better than things heard. =Things which are seen are better than things which are heard. 2. Is there anything planned for tonight?

(=that has been planned for tonight) 3. The meeting, attended by a lot of people, was a success．

(=which was attended by a lot of people) 【辨析】过去分词与动词-ing形式作定语时的区别：

动词-ing形式作定语时与所修饰的名词之间是主动关系，表示动作正在进行；而过去分词作定语时，则表示被动或完成意义。如：

Mr Smith, tired of the boring speech, started to read a novel. The prize of the game show is $30,000 and an all expenses paid vacation to China. Step 2 动词-ed形式作表语

过去分词作表语并无“完成”或“被动”之意，而是表示主语的状态或思想感情等。如：

1.He looked worried after reading the letter．看完信后, 他显得很忧虑。

2.When we heard of it, we were deeply moved．当我们听到这件事时, 被深深地感动了。

3.He seemed quite delighted at the idea．

听到这个想法, 他似乎很高兴。

【辨析】

1. 过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别：过去分词作表语，主要表示主语的状态和特征，而被动语态则表示动作。如：

The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday. The library is now closed.

2. 过去分词作表语与动词-ing形式作表语的区别：过去分词作表语表示被动或完成，动词-ing形式作表语表示主动或进行。如：

She was embarrassed because she didn’t know the answer.

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Today’s meeting was boring.

3. 有些动词如interest, worry, surprise, frighten等通常用其过去分词形式来说明人的情况，用动词-ing形式来说明物的情况。如：

The book is interesting and I’m interested in it.

常见的作表语的过去分词有: amused (愉快的)；

broken (碎了的)；closed (关闭的)；astonished (吃惊的)；crowded (拥挤的)；experienced (有经验的); delighted (高兴的)；

lost (丢失的)；gone (遗失的)；

disappointed (失望的)；worried (担忧的)；interested (感兴趣的)；

tired (疲劳的)

pleased (高兴的)；satisfied (满意的)；

surprised (吃惊的); married (已婚的)；

known (著名的)

【注意】作表语的-ed形式可被much, very, quite等所修饰。如：

1. I was very pleased at the news．听了这消息我很高兴。

2. He grew much tired of the work．他十分厌倦这工作。

3.He seemed quite delighted at the idea. 听了这想法他似乎很高兴。

Step 3 动词-ed形式作宾语补足语

能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词,表示被动意义或已完成意义,有时候两者兼而有之。作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系,即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。如：

1. She found the door broken in when she came back．她回来时发现有人破门而人。

2. My grandfather had his old house rebuilt 我爷爷找人重修了一下他的旧房子。

3. Will you please make yourself heard to us, please? 请你大声点让我们都听到你说的话？

【注意】少数不及物动词的过去分词用作宾补时, 强调动作完成后的状态。如：

They found all the guests gone whenthey woke up.当他们醒来时, 发现所有的客人都走了

【归纳】

1. 动词-ed形式作宾语补足语的基本用法

动词的-ed形式可以在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”句型中充当宾语补足语。在这一结构中, 动词-ed形式和它前面的宾语构成逻辑上的被动关系。如果这种句子改为被动语态, 原来的宾语补足语变成了主语补足语。如：

1) I must get my bike repaired．(宾语补足语) 2) The girl was found beaten black and blue(主语补足语)．

人们发现那女孩被打得青一块紫一块。

2. 动词-ed形式可作表示感觉和心理状态的动词的宾语补足语, 这类动词包括see, hear, watch, notice, feel, find, think, suppose, consider等。

1) We thought the game lost．我们认为球赛输了。

2) I have never heard him spoken ill of others. 我从未听过有人说他的坏话。

3) She felt a great weight taken off her mind．

她觉得心里轻松了些。

4) They considered the matter settled．他们认为这问题解决了。

3.动词-ed形式可作使役动词的宾语补足语, 这类动词包括make, get, have, keep, leave, hold等。

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1) I have my hair cut once a month．我每个月理一次发。

2) He was trying to make himself understood．他正努力使别人听懂自己。

3) She held her hands pressed against her face. 她用双手按着脸。

【补充】

1.“have+宾语+done”结构有三个含义

①

(请人)把某事做完。

She had her house repaired．

Where did you have your hair cut? ②遭遇某种意外情况。

He had his hat blown away on his way home．

She had her wallet stolen yesterday. ③

完成某事

(自己也可能参与)。

I have had all my spelling mistakes corrected．

He has had one thousand yuan saved this year．

2. 动词-ed形式可作表示希望、要求、命令等动词的宾语补足语，这类动词包括like, want, wish, expect, order等”这一类动词的后面作宾语补足语。

He won’t like such questions discussed at the meeting．

The students wish the TV serial plays continued．

3.过去分词用在“with+宾语+宾补”这一结构中, 过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。

The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back. 小偷被带进来了, 双手被反绑在后面。

With many brightly colored flowers planted around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden．

周围种了许多色彩鲜艳的花, 他的房子看上就像一座漂亮的花园。

Step 4

Test for Goal Design Purpose: To help the students strengthen the grammar rules they have just learnt by practicing some exercises. T & Ss activities: T guides Ss to do some exercises. Either pair-work or ask-and-answer teaching method can be used in the activity. 从

A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1.Most of the artists _____ to the party were from South Africa.

A. invited

B. to invite

C. being invited

D. had been invited

2.The first text books _____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.

A. having written

B. to be written

C. being written

D. written 3.The Olympic games, _____ in 776 BC, didn't include women players until 1912.

A. first playing

B. to be first played

C. first played

D. to be first playing 4.Prices of daily foods ______ through a computer can be lower than prices in stores.

(2002年全国春)

A. are bought

B. bought

C. been bought

D. buying

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5. Mr. Smith, ____ of the speech, started to read a ____ novel. (2003 北京春)

A. tired, boring

B. tiring, bored

C. tired, bored

D. tiring, boring 6.Cleaning women in big cities usually get ____ by the hour.

A. pay

B. paying

C. paid

D. to pay 7. As we joined the big crowd I got ____ from my friends.

A. separated

B. spared

C. lost

D. missed 8. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain ____ as the plane was making a landing.

(2004 上海)

A. seat

B. seating

C. seated

D. to be seating

9.--- Good morning. Can I help you?

--- I’d like to have this package _____, madam.

A. be weighed

B. to be weighed

C. to weigh

D. weighed 10.The missing boys were last seen ___ near the river.

A. playing

B. to be playing

C. play

D. played 11. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ____ the next year. (NMET2000)

A. carry out

B. carrying out

C. carried out

D. to carry out 12. Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had ________ went wrong again.

A. it

B. it repaired

C. repaired

D. to be repaired Keys：1-5 ADCBA

6-10 CCCDA

11-12 CC

Step 5

Summary

Step 6

Exercises for Ss of Different Grades (Post-teaching)

Design Purpose: To help the students strengthen the grammar rules they have just learnt.

★Grade A: Ⅰ下列各句均有一处错误, 指出并改正。

1.The match between Class 4 and Class 5 is sure to be excited.

2. Interesting in English, he listens to BBC every day.

3. How I wish I could make myself understanding fully in English! 4. We met him at the giving time and place．

5. When heard the news, she burst into laughter.

6. He was sitting in the chair, read a book.

7. The villagers had many trees planting just then.

8. Entered the room, she found the wall newly painted. 9. Surprising at what happened, Tom didn’t know what to do. 10. There were the brothers look very much alike. Keys：1.excited →

exciting 2.Interesting →

Interested

3.understanding →

understood

4.giving →

given 5.heard →

hearing或heard前加she 6.read →

reading

7.planting →

planted

8.Entered →

Entering

9.Surprising →

Surprised

10.look →

looking

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II. 用所给词的适当形式填空。

1. When I arrived home one day, I found her ______ (seat) under the tall tree.

2. You can improve your mind by _______ (read) literary classics. 3. In order to make himself _____ (hear), he raised his voice a little bit. 4. The pool, _______ (cover) an area of 300 square meters, is big enough for you to enjoy. 5. The children will get ________ (confuse) if asked to learn too much at a time.

6. Do you like the book _____ (make) up of untrue stories? 7. Don’t keep the visitor ______ (wait) for such a long time.

8. Most of my classmates know that I like reading books ______ (write) by Zhang Ailing. Keys: 1.seated

2.reading

3. heard

4. covering

5. confused

6. made

7. waiting

8. written ★★ Grade B:

高考专题

1.Mrs.White showed her students some old maps ______ from the library.（2010全国卷）

A．to borrow B．to be borrowed

C．borrowed D．borrowing 2. With Father's Day around the corner，I have taken some money out of the bank ______ presents for my dad. （2010全国卷）

A．buy B．to buy C．buying D．to have bought 3. ______ at my classmates' faces，I read the same excitement in their eyes.(2010北京卷)

A．Looking B．Look C．To look D．Looked 4. I'm calling to enquire about the position ______ in yesterday's China

Daily.(2010北京卷) A．advertised B．to be advertised

C．advertising D．having advertised 5. I had great difficulty ______ the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.（2010天津卷）

A．find B．found C．to find D．finding 6.______ the city centre，we saw a stone statue of about 10 metres in height.(2010上海卷) A．Approaching B．Approached

C．To approach D．To be approached 7. That is the only way we can imagine ______ the overuse of water in students' bathrooms. （2010上海卷）

A．reducing B．to reduce C．reduced D．reduce 8. We were astonished ______ the temple still in its original condition.(2010辽宁卷)

A．finding B．to find C．find D．to be found

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9. Alexander tried to get his work ______ in the medical circles. (2010辽宁卷) A．to recognize B．recognizing C．recognize D．recognized 10. Listen! Do you hear someone ______ for help?(2010湖南卷) A．calling B．call C．to call D．called 11. So far nobody has claimed the money ______ in the library.（2010湖南卷）

A．discovered B．to be discovered

C．discovering D．having discovered 12. I have a lot of readings ______ before the end of this term.（2010山东卷）

A．completing B．to complete

C．completed D．being completed 13. There were many talented actors out there just waiting ______.(2010江西卷) A．to discover B．to be discovered

C．discovered D．being discovered 14. The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu，______the students to return to their classrooms.(2010江西卷) A．enabling B．having enabled

C．to enable D．to have enabled 15. Dina，______ for months to find a job as a waitress，finally took a position at a local advertising agency. （2010湖南卷）

A．struggling B．struggled

C．having struggled D．to struggle 16. It rained heavily in the south，______ serious flooding in several provinces. （2010天津卷）

A．caused B．having caused C．causing D．to cause 17. The lady walked around the shops，______ an eye out for bargains.（2010江西卷）

A．keep B．kept C．keeping D．to keep 18. He had a wonderful childhood，______ with his mother to all corners of the world.（2010安徽卷）

A．travel B．to travel C．traveled D．traveling 19. A great number of students ______ said they were forced to practise the piano.(2010四川卷) A．to question B．to be questioned

C．questioned D．questioning 20. In many people's opinion，that company，though relatively small，is pleasant ______. (2010四川卷)

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A．to deal with B．dealing with

C．to be dealt with D．dealt with 21. The lawyer listened with full attention，______ to miss any point. （2010四川卷）

A．not trying B．trying not C．to try not D．not to try 22. The news shocked the public，______ to great concern about students' safety at school.(2010重庆卷)

A．having led B．led C．leading D．to lead 23. Many buildings in the city need repairing，but the one ______ first is the library.（2010重庆卷）

A．repaired B．being repaired

C．repairing D．to be repaired 24. ______ from the top of the tower，the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.(2010陕西卷)

A．Seen B．Seeing C．Having seen D．To see 25. His first book ______ next month is based on a true story.(2010陕西卷) A．published B．to be published

C．to publish D．being published 26．Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock，______ supplies to Yushu，Qinghai province after the earthquake.(2010福建卷)

A．sending B．to send C．having sent D．to have sent 27. In April，thousands of holidaymakers remained ______ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. 2010福建卷) A．sticking B．stuck C．to be stuck D．to have stuck 28. The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise，if ______ regularly，can improve our health.(2010浙江卷)

A．being carried out B．carrying out

C．carried out D．to carry out 29．The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and ______ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat. (2010浙江卷)

A．being weighed B．to weigh

C．weighed D．weighing 30. With Father's Day around the corner，I have taken some money out of the bank ______ presents for my dad.(2010全国课标卷)

A．buy B．to buy C．buying D．to have bought Keys: 1-5 CBAAD

6-10 ABBDA

11-15 ABBAC

16-20 CCDCA

21-25 BCDAB

26-30 ABCDB

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★★★ Grade C:

根据括号内所给的单词翻译句子。

1. 看到奶奶有些睡意，他拉上窗帘并把电视的音量调低了。(turn)（2010上海卷）

2. 我们一致同意一旦得出调查结论，就尽早让公众知晓。(once) （2010上海卷）

3. 你擦一下窗好吗？（mind ）

4. 导演得知自己的影片获奖，感到无比自豪。（award ）

5. 尽管山高林密，医护人员还是迅速地赶到出事地点，实施救援。(despite)(2009上海卷) Keys:

1.Seeing Grandma was sleepy, he drew the curtain and turned down the TV.

2. We all agree that once the conclusion is made, we will make it known as soon as possible.

3. Do you mind /Would you mind cleaning the window? 4. Learning that he was awarded /won an award for his film ,the director felt very proud of himself/was full of pride . 5. Despite the high mountains and thick forests，the doctors and nurses rushed to the scene of the accident for the rescue /to carry out the rescue.

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