Learning about Language教案设计范例

Book 8 unit 3 learning about language 教学设计

Teaching aims: 1. To get students to have knowledge of this grammar point: the past participle used as attribute, predicative and object complement. 2. To enable students to know the differences between the past participle and v-ing form. Teaching important & difficult point

How to make students master the usage of the past participle. Teaching procedures:

过去分词知识总结

I

过去分词的形式

II

过去分词的性质

III

过去分词的用法

I

过去分词的构成形式

•

构成形式

“动词原形+ed”

规则形式:

e.g.

open →

love →

study

→

stop →

不规则形式：

e.g.

cost →

bend →

keep →

fight →

break →

rise →

swim →

★

过去分词没有时态和语态的变化

II

过去分词的性质

过去分词既有动词性质，也有形容词和副词性质

1)动词性质表现为:可以有自己的状语并组成过去分词短语。

He likes to read the books written by

Lu Xun.(过去分词短语)

★2)形容词和副词性质表现为：过去分词（短语）在句中可作定语、表语、状语、补足语等。

★

III

过去分词的用法

过去分词（短语）作定语

We should pay attention to our spoken English. 单个过去分词作定语常放在它所修饰的名词之

前, 和它所修饰的名词存在动宾(被动)关系。

This is one of the schools

built in 1980 = This is one of the schools which were built in 1980. 过去分词短语常放在它所修饰的名词之后，与被修饰的名词之间存在动宾关系，相当于一个定语从句，但是更简洁。

习题：

1)

—

I ’m very thirsty.

—

You’d better drink some ___ water.

A. boiling

B. boil

C. boiled

D. to be boiled

分析

①单个分词作定语放在所修饰的名词之前。

②现在分词表明动作正在进行，过去分词表明动作已经完成。

2)The Olympic Games __ in 776 B.C. lasted for only one day. 1

A. held

B. to be held

C. holding

D. being holding 分析

①过去分词短语做定语放在所修饰名词(词组)之后，与其所修饰的名词(词组是)动宾关系,且动作已经完成。

译:公元前776年举行的奥运会只持续了一天。

. Please don’t forget him. He is one of ___.

A. those invited

B. invited those

C. those inviting

D. inviting those 分析

①过去分词invited作定语修饰指示代词those,意为“被邀请的那些人”,两者是动宾（被动）关系。

those invited = those people who have been invited ②单个过去分词作定语需放在所修饰的名词之前,但是something、anything、nobody、nothing、

those等代词的定语需后置。

过去分词（短语）作表语

The children were satisfied with his explanation 译：孩子们对他的解释感到满意。

She looked worried. 译：她看起来很焦急

过去分词（短语）用在系动词之后作表语，和句子主语之间存在动宾关系。常表示主语的感受或状态。

习题：

1. The rooms are ____, so you can’t move in.

A. painted

B. painting

C. being painted

D. to be painted 2. As soon as he entered the city, he ____.

A. was losing

B. got losing

C. lost

D. got lost

3. What he has done is really ____.Now his parents

are _____ him.

A. disappointing;

disappointed at

B. disappointing;

disappointed about

C. disappointing;

disappointed with

D. disappointed;

disappointing by •

1) 表示对某人感到失望，通常用介词

with, in。

•

如：

I’m disappointed in you! How could you have lied likethat? 你让我失望了，你怎么能像那样说谎呢?

My parents will be disappointed in [with] me if I failin the exam. 要是我考试不及格，我父母会对我感到失望的。

( •

2) 表示对某一行为(doing sth)感到失望，通常用介词

at, about等。

•

如：

We are all disappointed at [about] his failure. 我们都为他的失败而感到失望。zn

He was really disappointed about [at] not being able togo. 他未能去成实在感到失望。

•

(3) 表示对某一事实或情况感到失望，一般用介词

with, at, in 等。

•

如：

He’s disappointed at [in] the result. 他对结果感到失望

He must be very disappointed with [at, about] your examresults. 他对你的考试成绩一定非常失望。

•

(4) 表示因得不到某东西或实现不了某愿望而失望，通常用介词of。

如：

I was disappointed of the car. 没等到车子我感到很失望。

He was disappointed of his 2

ambition. 他因实现不了抱负而沮丧。

过去分词作表语和被动语态的区别：

This river is polluted.（过去分词作表语，表状态）

译：这条河被污染了

This river was polluted by the chemical plant.

（过去分词构成被动语态，表动作）

译：这条河是被那家化工厂给污染的。

过去分词作表语，表状态，相当于一个形容词；在被动语态中，过去分词表动作，常由by引出动作的发出者。

The windows are closed

译：窗户是关着的。

The windows were closed by Jack

译：窗户是被杰克关起来的

过去分词（短语）作宾语补足语

I found the small town changed a lot.(表动作已完成) He wants the letter typed right away.(动宾关系) We must get our homework finished on time. (动宾关系) 过去分词（短语）在句子中作宾语补足语表示动作已完成，或和宾语存在动宾关系。这类句子的谓语动词通常是表示“感知（”如see, hear, feel, watch, notice, find等)、“意愿（”如want,

wish,

expect,

等) 的动词，或是使役动词（如make, have,

keep 等）。

习题：

1.We saw the thief_________ (catch) by the police译：我看见那个小偷被警察抓住了。

（过去分词短语作宾语补足语，表被动。) 2. I saw him _________ (get on ) the bus

.译：我看见他正在上车。

（现在分词短语作宾语补足语，表主动。动作正在进行。）

3. I will have/get

my hair ______ (cut)

tomorrow.

译：我准备明天理发。

(过去分词作宾补，表被动。) 过去分词（短语）作状语

过去分词（短语）作状语，修饰谓语，常常表示时间、条件、原因、让步、伴随情况等，相当于对应的状语从句。它和主句的主语存在动宾关系。

a、表示时间

Seen from space, the earth looks blue. When it is seen from space, the earth looks blue. b、表示条件

Kept in refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh. If they are kept in refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh. c、表示原因

Deeply moved by the movie, the girls began to cry.

As they were deeply moved by the movie, the girls

began to cry. d、表示伴随情况

She walked out of the house, followed by her

daughter. She walked out of the house,

and was followed by her daughter. e、表示让步

Beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret. Although he was beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret. 1._____ a reply, he decided to write again. 3

A. Not receiving

B. Receiving not

C. Not having received

D. Having not received (he和

receive 是主谓关系，且receive 先于decide之前发生。) 2. ____in her

new skirt ,she tried to make herself ____at the party .

A. Dressed; noticed

B. Dressing; noticed

C. Dressed; noticing

D. Dressing; being noticing 3. ____ better attention , the vegetables could have grown better A. Giving

B. Given

C. Give

D. To give 4. Unless ___ to speak,

you should remain silent at the conference. A. invited

B. inviting

C. being invited

D. having invited 5.____ by his teachers, he has made great progress in his lesson. A. Helping

B. To help

C. Help

D. Helped 6. ____his telephone number, she had some difficulty getting

in touch with Bill. A.

Knowing not

B. Not known

C. Not knowing

D. Not know 7. The old man walked in the street, ____. A. following his son

B. followed his son C. and following his son

D.

following by his son 8. ___ a white sweater, she looks much more beautiful. A.

Dressing

B. wearing

C. Dressed

D. Having dressed 9. ___, the little boy is living a happy life. A.

Taking good care

B. Taken good care B.

C. Having taken good care

D. Taken good care of

4