Grammar教学设计一等奖

Module 4 Grammar---现在完成时

一、导入（探究发现）：

①It’s been six years since we last saw each other, you know. ②And this is the first time I’ve visited your hometown. ③I’ve seen quite a lot of China and I’ve visited some beautiful cities. ④But this is one of the most attractive places I’ve been to. ⑤They’ve put up a lot of high-rise buildings recently. ⑥My wife’s just bought a beautiful dress from one of the shops there. ⑦Xiao Li has lived in Xiamen all his life. ⑧The family have lived in the town for twenty years. ⑨Up to now, I’ve understood everything the teacher said. ⑩He has gone to the Great Wall. 发现：

(1)现在完成时的构成是：

。

(2)由例句①可知，现在完成时可与

引导的时间状语从句连用。

(3)由例句⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨可知，现在完成时可与时间状语

, just, all his life,

连用。

(4)由例句④⑩可知，

表示“曾经去过(某地)”；___________________________

表示“已经去了(某地)，去而未归”。

二、Grammar 1、现在完成时的基本概念

现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，强调过去的动作对现在的影响。现在完成时与现在有关，属于现在时态。

2、现在完成时的构成

肯定句

否定句

疑问句

被动句

[即时演练1]

按要求改写句子

They have built another hospital in the area. →They

another hospital in the area.(否定句) →

another hospital in the area？(疑问句)

主语＋have/has＋过去分词．..

主语＋have/has not＋过去分词．..

Have/Has＋主语＋过去分词．..？

主语＋have/has been＋过去分词．..

→Another hospital

by them in the area.(被动句) 3、现在完成时的基本用法

（1）“完成用法”：表示动作在说话时已经完成(可不指出动作发生的确切时间)，但对现在产生某种后果或影响。常与ever, recently, before, so far, up to now, till now, in the past years, these days等时间状语连用。

Tom has made much progress in his learning of Chinese.

汤姆在汉语学习方面取得了很大的进步。

Have you ever been to the West Lake? 你曾经去过西湖吗？

（2）“未完成用法”：表示动作发生在过去，并且一直持续到现在，甚至还可能继续下去，这时常和“since＋点时间状语(名词、短语、从句)”或“for＋段时间状语”连用。

We have lived here since 1994. 自1994年以来我们一直住在这里。

I have taught

in this school for 30 years. 我在这所学校任教了30年。

（3）在条件、时间状语从句中表示将来完成的动作。

I won’t believe it until I have seen it with my own eyes. 直到我亲眼见到才相信。

He will come as soon as he has finished his work. 他一做完工作就会来。

[即时演练2]

(1)选词填空：for, since ①My aunt has worked in Australia

15 years. ②Margaret is in her office. She has been there

7 o’clock.

③Mike has been ill

a long time. He has been in hospital ______October. (2)翻译句子

①你在这里住了多少年了？

②吉姆已做完作业，他现在有空了。

③直到公交车停下了才能下车。

④我们已在这儿逗留了3个星期。

4、现在完成时难点突破

（1）现在完成时与瞬时性动词

瞬时性动词也可以有现在完成时，但是不可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用；必须与表示时间段的状语连用时，要用相应的延续性动词来代替。

[即时演练3]

单句改错

①Lucy has arrived here for five days.

②He has borrowed the book for two years.

③They have made friends since they went to college.

（2）现在完成时与一般过去时的区别

现在完成时

一般过去时

强调对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，落脚点在现在

着重说明动作发生在过去，强调动作本身，落脚点在过去

We have visited the school. 我们参观过这所学校。(说明现在对这所学校有所了解) We visited the school last week. 我们上周参观了这所学校。(只说明上周参观学校这个动作) She has lived in Paris for twenty years. 她在巴黎住了20年了。(可能刚搬走，还可能继续住下去) She lived in Paris for twenty years. 她在巴黎住了20年。(现在已经不在那里住了) [即时演练4]

(1)用所给词的适当形式填空

①He

(receive) a letter from his mother yesterday. ②Shanghai

(be) a small town hundreds of years ago. Now it

(become) a large city. ③I

(teach) here for fifteen years. ④—You speak very good French! —Thanks. I

(study) French in Sichuan University for four years.

对比翻译

①她在这所学校任教20年了。(可能刚调走，还可能继续教下去)

②她曾在这所学校任教20年。(现在已经不在那里任教了)