Learning about Language教学实录

Revision of the Attributive Clause 学习内容：

1.定语从句的定义

2.关系词的意义及其在定语从句中的成分 1）关系代词2）关系副词

3.重要考点总结

4.定语从句的运用

Step 1 the definition and analysis of attractive clause 一：引导定语从句的关系词

1. that 在从句中作_____或_____, 指人和物。

A plane is a machine that can fly. （_____语）

2) The girl that we saw yesterday is Jim’sister. （_____语）

2. which 在从句中作_____或_____, 指物

They planted the trees which didn’t need much water.

2) The fish which we bought were not fresh. 3. who、whom 在从句中分别作__________和__________ (口语中who也可作宾语) 1) The boy who broke the window is called Michael. （_____语）

2) The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Li. （_____语）

4. whose 在从句中作________,指________________。

Miss Flower is the teacher whose house caught fire last week. 2) This is the book whose cover is blue. 2) 引导定语从句的关系副词 when where why When 指代________= ________ I will never forget the day when I joined the Party.（ = ________）

2. where 指代________= ________ This is the house where I lived two years ago. （ = ________）

3. why 指代________= ________ Do you know the reason why she was late? （ = ________）

Exercises :Look at the pictures and try to use the attributive clause to combine the two sentences together! 1.This is a volunteer sign. 1

It is designed for the 29th Beijing Olympic Games. _________________________________________________________________________________ 2.It is one part of our country. Lots of graduators are willing to go there and help poor people. _________________________________________________________________________________ 3.Xu Benyu is a 24-year-old boy. His family is very poor. _________________________________________________________________________________ 4. when he was still a student, he began to sponsor those students. Those students were poorer than him. _________________________________________________________________________________ 5 Xu Benyu is the very person. We should learn from him. _________________________________________________________________________________ Step 2 定语从句在写作中的运用

把下面几句话用定语从句组合起来。 Our class is a small family ; It consists of … girls and … boys. Most of them are mainly from the local villages….. is a hard-working/kind-hearted girl/boy. She/He studies hard/is always ready to help others. She/he is such a good girl that we all like her. Answer: Our class is a big family_______________ consists of _______________girls and _______________ boys, most of _______________. _______________ is a ____________girl/boy , ______________________________. She/He is _________a good boy _________ we all like. （附加练习）根据下列句子，完成短文

众所周知，2008年北京成功的举办了奥运会。英语作为一种国际语言，在交流中起着重要作用。作为一名高二学生，我们应抓住现在的学习机会努力学好它。只有这样，才能为祖国贡献自己的力量。(注意：要使用定语从句.) __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Step 3 Summary of some important learning points 考点1：that 与 which 1) Do you have anything ______ you don’t understand?

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2) The only thing _____ we can do is to give you some advice. 3) Who is the man _____ is standing there? 4) She heard a terrible noise， ______ brought her heart into her mouth. 小结：（1）只使用that应遵循的规则

1:先行词是everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none等不定代词或由不定代词any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all等修饰时, 引导定语从句用that不用 which。

2：先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰且指物时, 引导定语从句用that 。

3: 先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that 。

4:先行词被the very, the only等修饰且指物时,引导定语从句用that。

5：当先行词前面有who/which等疑问代词时，只用that。

（2）只使用which应遵循的规则

1指物，_____后。

2. 用于_______________从句中

考点2：介词+关系词

1. Do you know the boy __ ____ your mother is talking? 2. He gave me some novels _____ ______ I am not very familiar. 3. I still remember the day ___ ____ I first got to Paris. 4. 译：这是我要照顾的小孩。

This is the child_________ I will __________________. 结论: 介词﹢关系代词引导的定语从句,关键是判断介词的选择,方法一是看从句谓语部分缺少什么介词(习惯搭配),再则可以通过整个句子整体含义来判断,结合生活实际来判断. 考点3：as的用法

用as\that\which填空

1. It is such a big stone _____ nobody can lift. 2. It is such a big stone _____ nobody can lift it. 3. ______ is known to all, he is the best student. 4. Jim passed the driving test, _____ surprised everybody in the office. 归纳：as引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被such, the same, so 修饰，即构成such…as , the same …as, so…as, 结构，做题时容易忽略。as在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。

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as 与which引导定语从句都能指代整句内容，但定语从句位于句首时，只能用 as, 意为“正如、恰如”。

Let’s do some exercises!

综合考查 语法填空

Though I can’t remember everything1. ______happened during the time 2. __________ I was in university, I still remember some people and things 3. ______were related to my best friend, 4. ______used to be monitor in our class. If you want to know who is the lady that I referred to in my diary, I can tell you: it’s her, Miss Brown. Here is a story 5. ______makes me remember Miss Brown until now. One afternoon,she and I arrived in New York,6. ______we went to the biggest bookstore in 7. ______there were different kinds of books to be sold. There, she persuaded me to buy a grammar book 8. ______could offer me knowledge of grammar and a dictionary 9. ____________I could look up the new words in. Miss Brown also bought the same books 10. ______I did. Just when we left the bookstore and were ready to go back to our university, a big man stopped us and robbed me of my necklace. Miss Brown tried her best to help me and lost one of her fingers. Step 5 Homework 基础写作

根据下面信息，用5个句子表达全部内容，并尽可能应用定语从句。

1.我有一个同学叫李明，他是我们的班长，他母亲是我高一的语文老师。

2.李明学习认真，乐于助人，我们大家都很喜欢他。

3.上周他代表学校参加市数学竞赛并获得一等奖，这让我们非常自豪。

4.今年暑假，李明计划和他母亲一块去云南旅游。

5.众所周知，云南有很多旅游胜地，他打算在那尽情享受自然风光，好好放松一下自己。

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Practice makes perfect! May you succeed in your studies! 巩固练习

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一、把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句：

1. The fan is on the desk. You want it.

2. The man is in the next room. He brought our textbooks here yesterday.

3. The magazine is mine. He has taken it away.

4. The students will not pass the exam . They don’t study hard.

5. The woman is our geography teacher. You saw her in the park.

6. The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday.

7. The play was wonderful. We saw it last night.

8. The train was late. It was going to Nanning.

9. The boy is my brother. He was here a minute ago.

10. The tree is quite tall. He is climbing it.

11. Here is the girl. Her brother works in this shop.

12. That’s the child. We were looking at his drawing just now.

13. This is the boy. His sister is a famous singer.

14. I want to talk to the boys. Their homework haven’t been handed in.

15. Is that the woman? Her daughter is in my class.

二、根据句子意思，在第一个空白处填入介词，在第二个填入关系代词whom或which: 1. The person ________ ________ I spoke just now is the manager that I told you about. 5

2. The pencil ________ ________ he was writing broke. 3. Wu Dong, ________ ________ I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much. 4. The two things ________ ________ Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English. 5. Her bag, ________ ________ she put all her books, has not been found. 6. The stories about the Long March, ________ ________ this is one example, are well written. 三：用定语从句完成下面句子。

1 他有一本封面很漂亮的书。

He has a book ___________________________________________________________. 2 他们常常谈论那些他们感兴趣的人和物。

They often talk about the people and the things _________________________________________________________________________________ 3 我们应该帮助那些需要帮助的人。

We should help those ___________________________________________________________ 4 我仅仅在那读了两年的学校有三公里远。

The school ___________________________________________________________ was 3 kilometers away. 5 李明迟到了，这让张先生非常生气。

Li Ming was late, ___________________________________________________________ 定语从句之非限制性定语从句

【学习目标】

1. 学习非限制性定语从句的用法。2. 总结语法规则。 3. 完成相关练习。

【学习重点】 1. 非限制性定语从句的用法。

【学习难点】

1. 非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的区别。

2. 非限制性定语从句引导词的选择。

【课前预习】

一

理解下面两个句子，分析不同之处

He has a sister who is studying abroad. 他有个在国外留学的姐姐。（限制性定语从句）

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He has a sister，who is studying abroad.

他有个姐姐，在国外留学。（非限制性定语从句）

提示：

1在标点上 ____________________________________________________________________ 2 与先行词的关系上 ____________________________________________________________ 3 在句义上 ____________________________________________________________________

二

用适当的引导词填空并对每组中的两个句子进行比较。

He was admitted into a key university __________ made his parents satisfied. He was admitted into a key university, __________ made his parents satisfied. He said nothing ___________ made his father angry. He said nothing, ___________ made his father angry. She has a son ____________ is a doctor. She has a son, ___________ is a doctor. 【课中学习】

Step 1 朗读下列句子，并讨论非限制性定语从句引导词的使用。

Amy, who took weight-loss pills, now realizes that health is important. This is Zheng Jie, whom I knew in Paris．

My cousin, whose body is slim, still wants to lose some weight. I'm taking some weight-loss pills, which are quite popular here. He missed the show, which was a great pity. We will put off the outing until next week, when we won't be so busy．

My pills are in the bathroom, where I always keep them. 提示：

1 何时用who_________________________________________________________________ 2 何时用whom________________________________________________________________ 3 何时用which (1) _____________________________________________________________ （2）_____________________________________________________________ 4 何时用 whose _______________________________________________________________ 5 何时用when ________________________________________________________________ 6 何时用 where _______________________________________________________________ 7

7 是否可用why _______________________________________________________________ 8 是否可用 that _______________________________________________________________ 9 作宾语的关系代词能否省略 ___________________________________________________ Step 2 完成练习：用关系代词或关系副词填空

1. His mother，_________ he loved dearly，died in 1818．

2. I often thought of my childhood, _______I lived in Shenyang. 3. He moved to Japan, ________ later he became a famous painter. 4. Mr. King，________ legs were badly hurt，was quickly taken to hospital．

5. Taiwan is a beautiful and rich island, ________ belongs to China. 6. Jim changed his mind at last, ______ made me very angry. Step 3 一．朗读下列句子，并讨论从句中非限制性定语从句引导词的使用。

1.We went to hear this famous singer， about whom we had heard many stories．

2.He is a model worker，from whom we can learn a lot．

3.He lived in London for 3 months , during which he learned some English.

4. Soon they arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy. 5. Last summer we visited the West Lake, for which Hangzhou is famous in the world．

小组讨论：在以上句中引导词构成方式是 ________________________________________ 当堂练习

1. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, ______ the sailing time was 226 days. A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which 2. Madam Curie, for _____ life had been very hard early in her life, was the first person in the world to receive two Nobel Prizes. A. whose B. which C. that D. whom 3. She was educated at Beijing University, _______ she went on to have her advanced study abroad. A. after which B. from which C. from that D. after that 4. The man, _______ you borrowed the bike, has left for Shanghai. A. from which B. from whom C. from that D. to who 8

5. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, ______ we gave some bells and glasses. A. to which B. to whom C. with whom D. with which

Step4 一．朗读下列句子，并讨论从句中的使用。

1. I am doing different types of exercises, all of which are quite helpful to my health. 2. Many people, some of whom are not overweight, are going on diets. 3. In his office there are nine clerks，the youngest of whom is Mr. Liu．

4. There are 60 students in our class, 50 of whom are League members. 5. I was given three books on cooking, the first of which I really enjoyed. 小组讨论：在以上句中引导词构成方式是 __________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________

当堂练习

1. There are two buildings, _____stands nearly a hundred feet high. A. the larger B. the larger of them C. the larger one that D. the larger of which 2. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80%_____are sold abroad. A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that 3. I was given three books on cooking, the first _______ I really enjoyed. A. of that B. of which C. that D. which 4. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _______ wanted to buy it. A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom 5. We shouldn’t spend our money testing so many people, most of _____are healthy.

A. that B. which C. what D. whom 6. We asked John and Jerry, _______ could offer an answer. A. either of them B. neither of them C. neither of whom D. both of them

Step 5 As也可引导非限制性定语从句

1. He is quite pleased，as ／which can be seen from his face．

2. You always work hard，as ／which everyone knows． 小组讨论：as与which引导非限制性定语从句的相同之处 _________________ 9

____________________________________________________________________ 3. As can be seen from his face, he is quite pleased. 4. As everyone knows, you always work hard. 小组讨论：as引导非限制性定语从句的特殊之处 ________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 【当堂检测】

用适当的关系词填空

1. The famous basketball star, ________ comes from America, will visit our school soon. 2. In those days, she used to go to Mr. Black, with _________ she had a wonderful time. 3. I bought a car yesterday, __________ cost me a lot. 4. Xi’an, ________I visited last year, is a nice old city.

5. He will come to see me next July, ________ he won’t be so busy.

6. The school, _________ I once studied, was built thirty years ago. 7. John said he’d been working in the office for an hour, _________ was true.

8. ____ we all know, he is good at English. 9. He has told us many stories, all of ________ are about the famous Long March. 10. The students of Class 1, some of _______ came from Japan, went camping yesterday. 【课后作业】

单项选择

1. She heard the terrible noise, ________ brought her heart into her mouth．

A．it B．which C．this D．that 2. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _______, of course，made the others unhappy． A． who B． which C． this D． what 3．The weather turned out to be very good，_________ was more than we could expect．

A． what B． which C． that D． it 4．Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase，________ was very reasonable． A． which price B． the price of which C． its price D． the price of whose 5．The youngest nurse has worked for 30 days in the SARS hospital, ____ she spent her 19th birthday．

A. that B. which C. where D. and 6. He has two sons, __________ work as chemists. 10

A. two of whom B. both of whom C. both of which D. all of whom 7. I, __________ your good friend, will try my best to help you out. A. who is B. who am C. that is D. what is 8. He is a man of great experience, __________ much can be learned. A. who B. that C. from which D. from whom 9. China has thousands of islands, ________ the largest is Taiwan. A．of which B．in which C．in those D．of whom 10. ________ we all know, the earth moves around the sun. A．As B．That C．Which D．What 改错

1. Many students in this school, some of which are not overweight, are going on diets. 2. There are 54 students in my class and ten of whom come from US. 3. Half a million pairs of shoes are produced by the workers here every year, 80% of whom are sold abroad. 4. I have many friends in this town, some of which are businessmen. 5. I am doing different types of exercises, all of them are quite helpful to my health. 比较并选择

1. ① This is one of the most interesting films ___ shown last week.

② This is the very one of the most interesting films ___ shown last week. A. which was B. that was

C. which were D. that were 2. ① He has two sons, __ are college students. ②He has two sons, and __ are college students. A. both of which B. both of whom

C. both of them D. both of it 3. ① He still lives in the room __ window faces to the east.

② He still lives in the room, the window __ faces to the east.

③ He still lives in the room __ is in the north of the city.

④ He still lives in the room __ there is a beautiful table. A. which B. whose C. where D. of which 4. ① ___ we all know, China is rich in natural resources.

② ___ is well-known that China is rich in natural resources. ③ ___ is well-known, China is rich in natural resources. A. Which B. As C. It D. That 11