Grammar and usage(1): Modal verbs: general introduction优秀公开课教案

Module4 Unit2 Sports events

Grammar and usage

任课教师

学㊣期

科目

年级

英语

高一年级

课时

班级

03&04 1. Get to know about the modal verbs with different functions. 教学目标

2. Help students compare similar modal verbs. 3. Learn to use modal verbs with exercises. 教学重点

教学难点

Help the Ss know the general introduction of the modal verbs and compare similar modal verbs. How to help the Ss compare similar modal verbs and learn to use some modal verbs in an uncertain situation. 教 学 过 程

教学活动

Step1 Greetings & Lead-in 1. Greet the whole class as usual. 2. Introduce modal verbs with the following: (1) Now, many of us can speak English quite well, but a few years ago, we couldn’t. (2) If we talk about the ability someone has now, we use the modal verb ‘can’. If we talk about the ability someone had in the past, we usually use the modal verb ‘could’. (3) If we want to talk about the ability someone will have in the future, what form of the modal verb do we use? (We use will/ shall be able to.) 3. More examples: (1) I ________ speak English five years ago. Now I _______ speak it fluently. (2) My mother ________ drive a car, but my father ________. (3) When my grandfather was young, he ________ swim across the river. (4) She is getting better and ___________ come back to school next week. Step2 Modal verbs

1. General introduction: 情态动词注意有can, could, may, might, must, need, dare, shall, should, ought to, will, would等。它们的基本特点如下：

(1) 情态动词具有一定的词义，如表示能力、许可、责任、猜测等。

(2) 情态动词不能独立使用，必须和另一动词(原形)一起构成谓语。

(3) 情态动词一般无人称和数的变化。

2. can & could & be able to (1) 表能力，意为“会，能，可以”。can的过去式是could。be able to可用于不定式及其他情态动词后，且有更多时态变化。例句见Lead-in部分。

(2) 表建议或请求他人许可，could更为委婉，回答时仍用can。

e.g. —Could/ Can I share the room with you? —Yes, of course you can. 3. may & might：表许可，比can/ could更为正式。may的过去式是might。

e.g. You may take the seat if you like.

—May I park the car here? —No, you may not/ cannot/ can’t. 4. must (1) 表必须、应当。(注意：must构成的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to，意为“不必，没必要”。mustn’t本身表示“禁止，一定不能”的意思。) e.g. —Must we start working right now? —Yes, you must./ No, you needn’t./ No, you don’t have to. You mustn’t talk like that to your parents! (2) 表示“偏要”，常用于疑问句。

e.g. Must you play the piano at such a late time? It’s midnight. 5. shall & should (1) shall用于第一、三人称, 表征求对方意见。

e.g. Shall we begin our meeting? (2) shall用于第二、三人称，表说话人的命令、警告、允诺、威胁或决心等，

e.g. He shall choose the winner. (3) shall用于第三人称，在条约、规定、法令、合同等文件中表义务或规定。

e.g. The school rules state that no student shall be allowed out of school during the day, unless accompanied by an adult.

(4) should表劝告、建议等，相当于ought to。

e.g. You should/ ought to work hard if you want to catch up with others. (5) should可表示说话人的特殊情感，如惊奇、愤怒、失望等。

e.g. Don’t ask me. How should I know? 6. will & would (1) 表示说话人的意志、愿望或决心。

e.g. I will/ would never do that again. (2) 表示请求、建议等。would语气更加委婉。

e.g. Would/ Will you please pass me the book? (3) 表示料想或猜想。

e.g. I think Li Lei will/ would help you with your English. (4) 表示习惯。表示现在的习惯用will，表示过去的习惯用would。

e.g. In fine weather he will often sit in the sun for hours. Step3 Consolidation

1. ________ you play the piano at such a late time? It’s midnight. 2. If you ________ smoke, please go out. 3. “Attention，please. Whoever can answer one of my questions ________ receive a prize,” the teacher said in class. 4. —Mum, would you please buy me a new phone? —If you can help do the dishes the whole vacation, you ________ have one as a reward. 5. Children under 12 years of age in that country ________ be under adult supervision when in a public library. 6. He ________ usually take a walk after supper in the past. Step4 Difficult points—can, may和must表推测的用法

情态

动词

must 对现在和未来的推测

must +动词原形

对过去的推测

must have done 使

用

场

合

肯定句

肯定句、否定句

may / may/might +动词原形

may/ might have done might (不用于疑问句) can/ could have done 否定句、疑问名

can can / could do can’t/ couldn’t have /could (could可用于肯定句) done 用来表示一种估计的肯定句、否定句、

should 情况，“按理会/估计should have done 疑问句

会”：should do/ be 1. 注意：can表推测用于肯定句，表理论/客观上的可能性，意为“有时可能会”。

2. 虚拟语气中用法：

could have done本来有可能……而事实上未做到

should have done本来应该做某事而实际上未做

shouldn’t have done本不应该做某事而实际上做了

needn’t have done本无必要做某事而实际上做了

3. Examples: (1) —Who can it be? ______ it be Mr. Smith? —It ______ be him. He has gone to Nanjing. It ______ be Mr. Johnson. —Yeah, you’re right. It _____ be him. His red coat always makes him stand out. (2) Since the road is wet, it _________________ last night. (3) The dictionary has disappeared. Who _______________ it? (4) It ______ be as hot as 38℃

in my hometown in summer. (5) The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it ______ be very slow. (6) Don’t play with the dog, Jack, for it ______ be dangerous at times. (7) Tom, you ______ play with fire. It’s dangerous. (8) I was really anxious about you. You _________________ home without a word.

Step4 Exercise

Ask the Ss to finish 15 multiple choices on the paper, and then check the answers as class. Step5 Assignments

Review what they have learned in this grammar part and practice more.

课后反思