Grammar优质课一等奖教案

做定语

单个分词作定语，放在所修饰的名词前面；分词短语作定语则放在所修饰的名词之后。

eg: The boy_____(run) on the playground is my friend.

The meeting___________(hold) tomorrow is of great importance. 总结：做定语可选择的形式：

-ing (表主动或进行)

to be done (将要被…)

being done(正在被…)

done (已经被…)

做状语

1. 分词作状语的基本原则

分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。

_____from the hill, the city looks beautiful. ______from the hill, we find the city beautiful. 2.分词做状语时可以选择的形式：

doing 表主动。与谓语动词同时发生或发生在谓语动词之后。

having done

表主动。发生在谓语动词之前

done

表被动（不强调先后顺序）。

having been done 表被动。发生在谓语动词之前

being+adj. \ n. 多用作原因状语，位于句首

注意：

1.-ing形式的否定式为在其前面加not。

2.分词做时间状语时，可在分词前加on,构成on doing …的结构，译为

一…就….

3. -ing短语可以与when, while, though, until, if等连词连用，相当于这些连词引导的一个从句。如：

When working in the factory, he was an advanced worker.

=When he worked in the factory, he was an advanced worker. 4.某些由分词转换过来的adj.可以直接做状语。例如：

be lost in…

be seated

be devoted to…

be dressed in…

be tired of….

be faced with…

be determined to do…

be located in…

5.一些常见的固定结构：

generally speaking

supposing(that..) 假如

judging from \ by…

由…判断

given+词或词组

考虑到….

provided \ providing (that)…

倘若…

English-speaking country 说英语的国家

spoken English英语口语

6.独立主格结构

指带有自己的逻辑主语的分词做状语的结构。分词的逻辑主语通常由名词或代词充当。

It being Sunday, we stay at home. Weather permitting, we’ll go there on foot.

With构成的复合结构也是一种独立主格形式,构成如下：

7. to do 作目的状语时可换成in order to do sth. 或so as to do sth.但so as to do sth.不能放在句首

eg; We work hard to go to college.

= In order to go to college, we study hard. to do做结果状语时，

表示意料之外的结果；-ing表示意料之中的结果

eg: We hurried to the station, only to find the bus gone.

More and more people came here, making it more crowded.

做宾补

非谓语动词作宾语补足语，主要跟在一些感官动词和使役动词的后面。如：

look at , watch, see, observe, notice;

hear, listen to,;

feel,

smell，

make,

have,

let see sb. do see sb. doing see sb. done. eg: The lady found her valuable necklace missing after the party.

He found it hard to make himself understood.