Learning about Language主要内容及教案内容

Unit 3 Inventors and inventions

Learning about language Teaching goals

1.

Master the key words and phrases; 2. Enable the students to talk about inventions and discoveries by using the key words. 3.

Help the students learn how to talk about inventions and discoveries. Teaching important & difficult points How to put these key words and structures into practice and use them flexibly. Teaching methods

Discussion. Teaching aids A computer and a projector.

Teaching procedures & ways 1. Do you know the stages every inventor must go through

before they can have their invention approved?

go through (1) 经历

Most families went through a lot in the war. (2) 通过, 成功, 成交

The plan did not go through.

(3) 审阅, 检查

I can’t go through the letters in an hour.

(4) 翻找, 查看

Mother went through the drawer for her glasses. (5) 穿过, 通过

A terrible noise went through the house.

read through 通读

look through 浏览

flow through 流过

get through 通过, 接通,使….成功

search through 搜寻, 查找

2.

Do research on /into /in...

从事, 进行, 做研究

They are carrying out a research into the causes of cancer. research可作可数名词和不可数名词, 有自己的单复数形式。短语do research中research为不可数名词

3. When I call up my mother in the countryside on the telephone she was very upset.

call up

打电话，使......回忆起

I’ll call you up tonight (call sb. /ring sb. up)

The old photo calls up memories of my childhood. (recall sth.)

call for 需要, 要求

call back 回电话，召唤某人回来

call in 邀请, 请来

call on/at 拜访

(call on后跟人作宾语，call at后跟地点名词作宾语

)

习题拓展

As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village _____ scenes of my childhood.

(湖北2006) A. called up

C. called on

B. called for

D. called in 4. “Snakes come near the house now and then,…”

now and then

有时, 偶尔

I see them now and then, but not often. 5. Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by inventing something merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them. 这回我有机会表现一下自己了，我要发明某种仁慈的东西，既能捉住蛇，又不会伤害它们。

distinguish

辨别, 区别

I can’t distinguish the twins, they are so alike.

distinguish…from =distinguish between …

and …

把…...与…...加以分开

Can you distinguish between those two objects?你能区分那两个物体吗？

Children should be taught to distinguish right from wrong. 应当教育孩子分辨好坏。

distinction n.

区别, 差异

distinctive adj.

有特色的, 与众不同的

distinct adj.

截然不同的

distinguishable adj.

区别得出的, 辨认得出的

6. The first thing I did was to see if there were products that might help me, but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes.

[考点] designed to kill snakes是过去分词短语作后置定语, 修饰powders。

[点拨]此句是由but连接的两个并列句。前一分句的主干为The first thing was to see, if引导的从句作see的宾语；I tried to do是定语从句，修饰先行词the first thing。后一分句的主干为there seemed to be ...，是there be句型的延伸, 意为“看起来好像有……”。如：

There seems to be no need to go now.

看来，现在没有去的必要了。

[考例] Five people won the “China’s Green Figure” award, a title ___ to ordinary people for their contributions to environmental protection. (山东06) A. being given C. given

B. is given

D. was given

[点拨] 由逗号之前是一个完整的句子和逗号之后无连接词, 可知逗

号后面不是一个句子, 排除B、D; 而give与a title之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系, 故选C。

7. I set about researching the habits of snakes to find the easiest way to trap them.

1) set about (doing) sth. 开始, 着手

The sooner we set about it, the sooner we’ll finish.

We set about cleaning up the mess. set out to do sth.开始做某事

set out (for) 出发,启程

set off (for)=leave for出发, 动身

set aside 留出, 对…不予以考虑

set down 记下, 写下

set up 设置, 造成, 产生

1. They needed the money to set ____ a special school for gifted children. 2. The children were always excited to set ______ on a camping trip. 3. You can set the telephone bill ______ as a business cost. 4. Setting the chair ______, he sat on the floor. 5. The children gathered in the garden to set ______ the fireworks (鞭炮). 8. Between the outside and the inside walls of the bowl there is some jelly, which freezes when cooled.

when cooled 的构成：连词+过去分词, 相当于when引导的状语从句: when it is cooled. when/while/once/unless/until等连词引导的状语从句中的主语与主句的主语相同,且从句的谓语动词中含有系动词be时，从句中的主语和系动词be可省略，形成“连词+分词”

结构。

Don’t speak until (you are) spoken to.

没叫你讲话不要讲。

9. They abruptly disappeared into a convenient hole in the wall. 它们突然一下子就消失在墙壁附近的洞里去了。

[考点1] abruptly adv. 突然地，唐突地

, 意外地, 比suddenly的意外程度强。

abrupt adj.突然的；意外的

这路有很多急转弯。

The road is full of ____________. 这会议突然结束了。

The meeting came to ____________. 我们的讨论突然给缩短了。

Our discussion was _______ curtailed.

[考点2] convenient便利的；方便的。可构成it is convenient to / for sb.和it is convenient for sb. to do sth.结构，意为：对某人来说（做某事）是方便的。

警示: convenient 不能以人作主语。

This dishwasher is very convenient to me.

Will it be convenient for you to start work tomorrow?

It’s convenient to have a supermarket nearby.

根据括号内的汉语提示完成下列句子。

1. He asked ______________________ _______________________________ (我们什么时候方便参观这家工厂).

2. Come whenever ___________________ (对你来说是方便的). 3. I will call back ____________________

(在更方便的时候). 4. We bought this house ______________ (为方便起见); it’s near the shops and the railway station. Keys: 1. when it would be convenient for us to visit the factory 2.

it is convenient to you 3.

at a more convenient time 4.

for convenience 10. Only after

you have had that recognition can you say that you are truly an inventor.

只有你得到这种承认, 你才能说你是真正的一个发明家。

Only 修饰状语置于句首，主句需用倒装语序。

Only by working hard can we pass the exams. 11. Nor will you receive a patent until a search has made to find out

that your product really is different from everyone else’s.

你的产品要经过仔细调查, 证明它确实与众不同, 你才能获得专利。

此句是一个由not (这里是nor) until连接的主从复合句。其中主句是一个倒装句；由until引导的时间状语从句中含有一个目的状语to find out，后面又带有一个由that引导的宾语从句。nor置于句首时，句子要用倒装语序

(把助动词或情态动词提前)。如：

Nor will I deny that.我也不会否认这点。

12. Remember to include one change to your invention in case it doesn’t work the first time.

[考点] in case意为“（以防）万一”，后接从句，表示假设。

[考例] My parents live in a small village. They always keep candles in the house ______ there is a power cut. (重庆2007) A. if

B. unless

C. in case

D. so that

[点拨] 第二句句意为“他们总是在家里备着蜡烛以防停电。”

13. In Japan scientists have managed to produce pigs that have a plant gene inserted into their DNA.

[考点] inserted into their DNA是过去分词短语作宾语补足语。

[考例] Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English ___ in a short period.

(福建2007) A. improved

B. improving

C. to improve

D. improve

[点拨] improve 与her written English之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，要用过去分词作宾语补足语。

练习坊

I.

根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示, 写出各单词的正确形式。

1. She used wheat p______ and colors to create the toys. 2. Can you smell the p______ of the roses, which will make you feel pleasant? 3. For a joke, he put an ice c___ under the back of her dress. 4. Your return ticket is v___ for three months.

5. The FBI keeps f___ on former White House employees. 6. The wide use of ______ (被动语态的) voice is considered to be one of the features of the English language. 7. The twins were so much alike that it was impossible to d_________ one from the other. 8. Patients who are given the new drug will be asked to m______ their progress. II.

用所给词的适当形式填空。

1. I am writing to you in connection with your job __________ (apply). 2. What are the _______ (criterion) of being an emergency nurse? 3. If you would give me another chance, I believe I can come up to your

__________ (expect). 4. Will it be __________ (convenience) for you to start working tomorrow? 5. “It won’t work,” Mitchell said ________ (abrupt), in a no-nonsense style. III. 每空填一词, 使该句与所给句子的意思相同或相近。

1. Not receiving any letter from him, I gave him a call. Not receiving any letter from him, I _____ ____ ___. 2. The shepherd set out to look for the sheep that had wandered away. The shepherd ___ _____ _______ ___ the sheep that had wandered away. 3. It seems that he has read this book.

He seems to ____ ____ this book. 4. He went to see his grandmother sometimes.

He went to see his grandmother ____ ___ ____.

5. He was able to walk without sticks only one day after the operation.

____ ___ ___ _____ ___ ________ ____ he able to walk without sticks. 6. He will not agree to this plan, and he will not support anyone who does either.

He will not agree to this plan, ____ ___ ___ support anyone who does. IV. 用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空。

a matter of

get down to

in case

call up

in addition to

get rid of

1. How can you ________ a bad habit? 2. He had his camera ready, just ______ he saw something that would make a good picture. 3. ____________ your car payment, you will have to pay for annual insurance. 4. I’m sure we will succeed in time if we keep on trying. It’s just __________ time. 5. I must __________ study tonight, as I’m going to take an exam tomorrow. 6. She ________ a friend just for a chat.

7. We all know that, if not ________ dealt with, the situation will get worse.

8. The heavy rain came ________ and stopped suddenly.

9. There are times when I ____ believe

your questions will drive me crazy. 10. After searching all day, I ______ managed to find the book. VI. 根据括号内的提示将下列句子翻译成英语。

1.

他开始说服我接受他的想法。(set about) He set about persuading me to accept his ideas. 2. 可能会下雨，你最好把伞带上以防万一。(in case)

It may rain —

you’d better take an umbrella in case.

2.

我今天不方便去逛街。(convenient) It’s not convenient for me to go shopping today.