Learning about Language课堂实录【1】

Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors

Teaching aims: Teach and study the language points to grasp and use them freely 【课前探究】

★重点单词

1.可能的选择_________

2.试探性的，不确定的__________ 3.精确;准确_________

4.打断；打岔__________ 5.假定;设想_____________

6.不管；不顾_________ 7.厘米__________

8.锋利；尖锐___________ 9.充足的_____________

10.原始的___________ 11.保存___________

12.植物学__________ 13.分析__________

14.确切的；特定的________ 15.种类；类别____________

16.意义；重要性____________ 17.有系统的________

18.鼓掌欢迎____________ 19.加速;促进___________

20.逮捕；拘留__________ 21.晕眩的________________

22.减轻；解除______________ 23.分配;划分____________

24.喜爱__________ 25.耐心的,忍耐的____________

26.有技巧的___________ 27.标点符号________________

★重点短语

1. __________________不管、不顾

2. __________________切碎

3. __________________向前看、为将来打算

4. __________________结论

5. __________________和…相似

6__________________.时而

7. __________________为….做好准备

8. __________________偶然地

9. __________________清除

10. __________________ 集中精力

11. __________________as well as

12. __________________as well 13. __________________keep sb doing sth

14. __________________keep out sth 15. __________________care about sth

16. __________________used to 17. __________________walk up the path

18. __________________with hunger 19. __________________scoop up

20. __________________look like ★课文重点句子翻译

1. You must be aware that it’s here that we have found evidence of some of the earliest people who lived in this part of the world. ___________________________________________________________________________ 2. I am sorry to interrupt you but how could he live here? ___________________________________________________________________________ 3. It seems that they might have used sharpened stone tools to cut up the animals and remove their skin. ___________________________________________________________________________ 4. As the botanical analyses have been specifically showing us, all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake. __________________________________________________________________________

5.He had a large ,long face,with strongly pronounced eyebrows and cheekbones. __________________________________________________________________________ 6. 当部落成员为他的选择大声喝彩时，他感到很自豪。

__________________________________________________________________________ 7. 要是她早有计划和安排就好了。

__________________________________________________________________________ 8.

快到目的地的时候，一阵香气扑鼻，她不往前走了，停了下来。

__________________________________________________________________________ 【精讲精练】

Warming Up 1Can you think of alternatives we would use today? 你能想出我们今天会用到哪一种吗？

[要点导航] alternative

n.选择对象

have no alternative but to do sth.:只能做某事

We have no alternative but to go on. 除了继续下去,我们没有选择的余地。

There was no other alternative but to fight till the victory. 除了战斗直到胜利,别无选择。

我没有钱，所以，我没有选择，只好呆在家里。

I had no money, so I ___________________________. 这条路被堵塞了，我们不得不走另一条路。

The way was blocked, so we had to go by ____________________. [思维拓展] alternative n.[C]可能的选择，可能性之一。近义词，choice。

adj. 选择性的, 二中择一的

另一种方式：alternative means; 另择群体:the alternative society 这条路被堵塞了，我们不得不走另一条路。

The way was blocked, so we had to go by ____________________. alternative v.交替；轮流

alternatively adv.交替地，作为另一种选择的

Pre-reading 2. Try a tentative guess about what Peking Man might have done and used thousands of years ago.暂且猜猜几千年前“北京人”可能做的事情和用的东西。

[要点导航] tentative adj. 试验性的, 试探的, 尝试的, 暂定的，在句中作前置定语和表语。

a tentative schedule. 是个试验性的计划

We have ___________________________to meet next month. 我们暂约定下月见。

我只能给出一个不确切的意见。

_______________________________________________ 我的看法仅作尝试。

________________________________________________

2. I am sorry to interrupt you but how could he live here?

对不起，打断一下，但是，他们是如何生活在一起的呢？

[要点导航] interrupt v中断，打扰，打断，插嘴

Rain interrupted our baseball game.下雨中断了我们的捧球比赛。

The baby interrupted me while I was on the phone. 我在打电话时，婴儿干扰了我。

Traffic in the city was interrupted by a snowstorm. 市内交通被暴风雪所阻断。

It is rude to interrupt.打断别人的话，是不礼貌的。

“Don't interrupt,”he said.

他说：“别插嘴”。

他中断大学学业到军队去服役。

__________________________________________________ 我忙的时候，请不要来打扰我。

__________________________________________________

在别人讲话的时候插嘴是不礼貌的。

______________________________________________________ 你继续讲下去，我不想打断你说话。

_______________________________________________________ 3. So it is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves, regardless of the cold. 因此，我们假想他们不顾寒冷而住在这些山洞里是合情合理的。

[要点导航] assume v.假定，以为；装作，担任，承担。后多跟宾语；宾语+to be +n./adj或that 从句。

I assume you always get up at the same time. 我想你总是在同一个时间起床。

我假定那是错误的。

_________________________________________ 我来承担责任。

_________________________________________ 他装出国外腔调，但我们仍听出来了。

_________________________________________ 我想是这样的。

__________________________________________ [思维拓展]

suppose 近似于think,但含有不确切之意，比think 缺少根据

guess 凭想象加以猜测

imagine 想象

fancy 凭空想象

[要点导航]

regardless adj.（与of连用）不管…的；不顾…的

He says what he thinks, regardless of other people's feelings. 他怎么想就怎么说，不考虑别人的情绪。

regardless of 不注意、不顾、不管

他不注意自己的外表。

_______________________________________ 他不顾危险地去了。

_______________________________________ 4. It seems that they might have used sharpened stone tools to cut up the animals and remove their skin. 看起来他们可能是用尖锐的石器切开动物，把他们的皮剥下来。

[要点导航] sharpen v.使变得锋利；变得清晰;变得尖锐，变得刺耳。

他正在削铅笔。________________________________ 随着天色转亮，树的轮廓也变得清晰了。

______________________________________________ 他在变得不耐烦时，说话的声音也变尖了。

_______________________________________________ [思维拓展]sharp adj.1)锐利的，

锋利的，尖的

a sharp knife锋利的小刀

a needle with a sharp point针头尖利的针

2)思维敏捷的；目光敏锐的；

听觉灵敏的

sharp eyes灵敏的眼睛

The famous writer is still sharp in thought though he has attained the age of ninety-two. 这位著名作家虽已九十二岁高龄,但仍然思维敏捷。

sharp adv.1)准时地；整

at seven o'clock sharp七点整

2)突然地，急剧地

turn sharp to the left猛然向左转

[要点导航] cut up 切碎；使伤心，严厉批评

彼得，为何不把蔬菜切碎呢？

_________________________________________- 爱丽丝丢了钱，她伤心极了。

__________________________________________ 红军很快摧毁了敌军。

__________________________________________ [思维拓展] 由cut 组成的常用词组：

cut off 切断；剪掉

cut down vt.砍伐;削减

cut in 打断

Don't cut in while I'm talking.

我说话时别插嘴。

5. After that they would have had to rub an ample amount of salt inside the skin to make it soft enough. 然后，他们可能在兽皮里边擦上大量的盐，使皮变柔软。

[要点导航] ample adj. 足够的，富裕的；宽敞的，大的

an ample reward. 优厚的报酬

Ample food and clothing by working with our own hands. 自己动手,丰衣足食。

我们有充足的旅费。

___________________________________________ 有足够的时间到达机场。

__________________________________________- 桌子上有满满一篮子水果。

__________________________________________

［思维拓展］

ample adj 足够的，富裕的；宽敞的，大的

adequate指数量或质量刚好达到一般要求

sufficient 着重指足够满足物质或精神方面的需求

enough 多指足够满足某种物质需要

eg: We have enough money for the journey. 我们有足够的旅费。（意为：够用）

6. It is a primitive necklace.这是一条原始的项链吧。

[要点导航] primitive adj.原始的

；简陋的；古老的；旧式的；简单的

Primitive men lived in caves. 原始人住在山洞里。

Primitive man made tools from sharp stones and animal bones. 原始人用尖石块和动物的骨制造工具。

The native of that region still live in primitive straw huts. 那个地区的居民依然住在古老的茅草屋里。

Small seashells were once used as a primitive kind of money. 小贝壳曾经被用作简单的钱币。

当时原始人过着艰苦的生活。

___________________________________________ 他们用一些树干建造了一个简陋的棚子。

____________________________________________

[思维拓展] 原始部落：primitive tribes

原始森林：primitive forests

primitively adv.最初地

primitiveness n原始；原始性

7.-Did early people really care about their appearance like we do? -Yes and so well preserved.

早期人类也象我们一样讲究外表吗？

是的，还保存得很好呢。

[要点导航] preserve v.保护、维持、保存

You can preserve meat or fish in salt. 你可以用盐保存肉或鱼。

It is one of the duties of the police to preserve public order. 警察的职责之一是维持公共秩序。

警察维持着街道的秩序。

________________________________________ 盐腌制着食物以免变质。

_________________________________________ 这个花瓶保存得完好无损。

__________________________________________ [思维拓展] preservable adj.可保存的

preservation n.保存

preserver n.保护者，保存者

辨析：

preserve v.保护、维持、保存

conserve v.保存、保护（强调珍惜）

reserve v.指意见、看法的保留；或座位的预定

8. As the botanical analyses have been specifically showing us, all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake. 植物学的分析结果明确地告诉我们：这儿四周曾经是一个很大的浅水湖。

[要点导航] specific adj.确切的，特定的，具体的

I want a specific answer. 我想要一个明确的回答。

这笔钱是为一个特殊用途而收的。

__________________________________________ 他在写作上有一种独特的风格。

__________________________________________ 这是一本专门面向职业妇女的杂志。

___________________________________________ [思维拓展] specific gravity 比重

specifically adv.确切地，特别地，具体地

specification n.规格

specify v.确切说明，明确规定

abstract adj. 抽象的；非具体的；非实在的

an abstract idea 抽象概念

Learning about Language 1. As his university was aware of the significance of his work…

他在大学时代就意识到工作的重要性。

[要点导航] significance n.意义，重要性。

无关紧要的事情_______________________ 重大的演讲__________________________- 含义深刻的一瞥______________________ 这是具有重要意义的一件事情。

________________________________________________ [思维拓展] significant adj.有特殊意义的，重大的

a significant speech

意味深长的讲话

significantly adv.有意义地，重要地

辨析：importance ,consequence and significance importance: 一般用语，着重指本身具有重大价值、意义、影响等。例如：news of great importance consequence 侧重指具有或可能有重要或深远的后果。例如：You must be ready to take the consequence.你必须准备自食其果。

significance 指马上显示其特殊重要意义。例如：an event of significance 重要新闻

2. Somehow, he cycled thirty miles…他设法骑车30英里。。。

[要点导航] somehow adv. 以某种方式，以某种方法；莫明其妙地；不知怎么地

他不知道怎么竟迷了路。

____________________________________ 不知怎么地，我不喜欢这种方式。

______________________________________ 我们必须设法在10点以前赶到哪里。

______________________________________ 【习惯用语】somehow or other 不知是什么原因，由于某种原因，以某种方式

Somewhat

adv.有几分，略，稍

I was somewhat surprised. 我有点惊讶。

Using Language 1. She had felt so proud as the group shouted loudly to applaud his choice. 当部落成员为他的选择大声喝彩时，他感到很自豪。

[要点导航] applaud v.&n. 拍手喝彩，称赞，赞同

演出结束时，大家都热烈地鼓掌。

______________________________________ 我赞成你的决定。

______________________________________- 我们称赞他的勇敢。

_______________________________________

[思维拓展] applaud sb/sth.为某人/某事鼓掌

applaud one’s decision 赞成决定

applause n.鼓掌欢迎，热情称赞

〔辨析〕applaud和cheer 共有的中心意思是“以听得见的方式，尤指以鼓掌来表示赞许或鼓励”：

We applauded at the end of the concert.

我们在音乐会结束时喝彩。

The fans cheered when the home team scored;

球迷当主队得分时欢呼。

2. If only she had looked ahead and planned well. 要是她早有计划和安排就好了。

[要点导航] look ahead 向前看，计划未来

你是否想过五年后你要做些什么？

_______________________________________ 做任何他想做的事情之前，他总是提前打算。

________________________________________ if only但愿；要是……就好了。其后一般用虚拟语气。only if表示"只有"。

If only I were a doctor.

这句话用的是一般过去时，因为原意是：我现在要是个医生就好了。与现在相对应的句子用一般过去时。

If only I had said nothing. 而这句用的是过去完成时，原意为：我当时不说就好了。是与过去时态相对应的，故用过去完成时。

If only my son didn't spend so much time befor TV.

这句可以理解为一般现在时的虚拟语气，所以句子中使用了一般过去时态。原意为：要时我

儿子不在电视前面呆那么长时间就好了。

I wake up only if the alarm clock rings. 只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。

[思维拓展] look about /around 四下里看，环顾

look over 翻阅，浏览

look up 仰视，查阅

look up to sb.尊敬某人

look down upon sb.轻视某人

look into sth.调查

look out 注意

Look out! There is danger ahead. 当心!前面危险。

look forward to盼望；期待

I'm looking forward to seeing you this summer vacation. 我盼望今年暑假见到你。

3. Lala accelerated her walk up the path to the caves fearing that there might be wild animals lying in wait for her. 拉拉加快了去往山洞的步伐，担心会有野兽躺在路边等着她。

[要点导航] accelerate v.加速，促进

加速________________ 他决定增加广告的数量。

___________________________________________ 这是一种用以加大火势的物质。

____________________________________________ 4. She had almost reached her destination when a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped. 快到目的地的时候，一阵香气扑鼻，她不往前走了，停了下来。

[要点导航] destination n.目的地

到达目的地

________________________ 东京是我们最终的目的地。

____________________________________________ 我们花了一整天，才到达目的地。

____________________________________________ arrest v. 吸引注意力，阻止，妨碍

The criminal was arrested yesterday. 罪犯昨天被捕了。

止血_________________ 惹人注目________________ 警察逮捕了小偷。

_____________________________________________ 花的艳丽色彩引起了苏珊的主意。

______________________________________________ 5. Lala smiled with relief.

拉拉轻松地笑了。

[要点导航] relief n.减轻，解除

I felt great relief when I heard I had passed the examination. 听说我已经通过了考试，感到轻松多了。

这种药可以减轻一些痛苦。

______________________________________________ 我最庆幸的是没有迟到。

______________________________________________ 见到你在这儿，也就放心了。

_________________________________________________ [思维拓展] bring /seek/find/give/feel relief 带来/寻求/得到/予以/感到解脱

relief road 备用车道

relief map 地形图

relieve v. relieve one’s feelings 发泄感情

6.affectionate

adj.亲爱的, 挚爱的(having or showing fond feelings or affection; loving and tender) 7.

patient adj. 忍耐的；容忍的

[要点导航]

Be patient! 耐心点儿! I know your leg hurts, just be patient until the doctor arrives. 我知道你的腿伤了，耐心点等医生来。

patient n. 病人；患者

The doctor visited his patients in hospital. 医生在医院里看视他的病人。

[重难点跟踪练习]

★

单项填空

1. In our school, the students have three__________courses and seven __________courses.

A. required ;alternative

B.require ;alternative

C.requiring ; alternative

D.reqiure;alternative 2. Our teacher’s plans are still ____________.

A. attentive

B.tentative

C.attend

D.tent

3. He has made a ________offer –he will make it clear as soon as possible.

A. sure

B.certain

C.tentative

D.clear 4. Our bodies are strengthened by taking exercises __________, Our minds are developed by learning.

A. probably

B.Likely

C.similarly

D.Generally 5. Generally speaking, friends have________in__________each other.

A.little;common with

B.much;common with

C.many; common with

D.much; similar to

6. One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain_______good knowledge of basic word formation.

A./

B.the

C.a

D.one

7. It is what you do rather than what you say _________matters.

A. that

B.what

C.which

D.this

8. As well as __________the books, he publishes them.

A. to print

B.printing

C.printed

D.have printed 9. I assumed him to be able to read. Which of the following word can replace the word “assume”? A. considered

B.found

C.proved

D.promised

10. Some people act regardless _________what will happen afterwards. A. of

B.with

C.as

D.for 11. ----Mummy, can I put the peaches in the cupboard?

-----No, dear.They don’t ________well. Put them in the fridge instead.

A. keep

B.fit

C.get

D.last

12. Your stay abroad will give you ________opportunities to learn a new language. A. much

B.ample

C.enough

D.sufficient

13. The island where these rare birds nest has been declared a _________area.

A. observation

B.reservation

C.preservation

D.conservation

14. Although we don’t have much to say, we write to each other __________.

A. sooner or later

B.from then on

C.every now and then

D.more or less

15. So long as the weather _________, we should go for an outing.

A. clears off

B.clears up

C.clears

away

D.clears

out

16. As senior 3 students, it is the most important to _______ a good state

of mind in face of failure.

A. keep up

B. keep on

C. keep out

D. keep off 17. The boss _________ 30 dollars from my salary without any good reason.

A. brought down

B. kept back

C. cut off

D. held up 18. -- Where does Mr. Green come from?

--- I’m not sure, but his accent ____________ Australia.

A. suggests

B. sounds

C. advises

D. shows