Learning about Language优质课教案整理

人教版选修八Unit-4《Pygmalion》(第3课时-Learning-about-language)

Ⅰ.重点单词

1．compromise

n．& vi.妥协；折衷

2．sob

vi.啜泣；抽噎

n．啜泣(声)；抽噎声

3．overlook

vt.俯视；忽视；不理会

4．fade

vi.& vt.(使)褪色；减弱；逐渐消失

5．shabby

adj.破旧的；寒酸的

6．disgusting

adj.令人厌恶的→disgust v．使人反感的

7．musical

adj.音乐的→music n．音乐

8．pronounce

vt.发……的音→pronunciation n．发音

9．horrible

adj.可怕的；恐怖的→horror n．恐怖；恐惧

10．effective

adj.有效的→effect n．效果；影响

11．referee

n．裁判员；仲裁者→refer vt.把……提交，交付，委托

12．disapprove

vt.& vi.不赞成；反对；认为不好→approve v．赞成；批准

13．rob

vt.抢劫；盗窃；剥夺→robber n．盗贼；强盗→robbery n．抢劫；盗窃；剥夺

Ⅱ.核心短语

1．once__more

再一次

2．show...in

带或领……进来

3．in__particular

特别；尤其

4．fade__out

(声音、画面)逐渐模糊；渐淡

5．in__need__of

需要

6．set up

建立

7．be independent of

独立于……

8．rob sb of sth

抢劫某人某物

9．in return

作为回报

10．be impatient with

对某人不耐烦

Ⅲ.经典句式

1．Henry Higgins and Colonel Pickering are sitting deep__in__conversation．

亨利·希金斯与皮克林上校正坐着进行深入的交谈。

2．Generally speaking，he thought that lower class people betrayed themselves with their remarks

whenever__they__spoke，and that he could classify people’s social position after only a few minutes’ observation.

一般而言，他认为阶级地位低者一开口他们的言论便会暴露他们的身份，而且仅需要观察几分钟就能够分辨出他们的社会地位。

3．I’d__never__have__come__if__I’d__known about this disgusting thing you want me to do. 要是我知道你要我做这种丑事，我是决不会来的。

4．What are we going to do

once__the__experiment__is__over? 一旦试验完成了，我们准备做什么呢？

1．否定前缀：dis－

①approve v．赞成；批准→disapprove vt.& vi.不赞成；反对；认为不好

②agree v．同意，赞成→disagree vt.不同意，不赞成

2．合成词

①tea(茶)＋pot(罐)→teapot n．茶壶

②bath(洗澡)＋tub (桶)→bathtub n．浴缸

③over(在……上面)＋look(看)→overlook vt.俯视；忽视

（教师独具）

阅读清障

①bet n．& vt.打赌

make a bet打赌

②deep in专心于，深陷，全神贯注

※deep in conversation是形容词短语，在句中作伴随状语。

③fancy oneself自负，自命不凡

④vowel/’vaʊəl/ n．元音；元音字母

⑤distinguish v．区分，分辨

distinguished adj.著名的，杰出的

distinguish A from B使A有别于B distinguish between A and B区分A与B ⑥Pearce/’pIəs/ 皮尔斯(姓) ⑦cookie/’kʊkI/ n．饼干

⑧teapot/’ti:pɒt/ n．茶壶

⑨cream/kri:m/ n．奶油；面霜

⑩nail/neIl/ n．指甲；钉子

※I thought...表示“我本来以为……，我原来以为……”。

※此处why用作感叹词，表示惊奇或出乎意料，可译为“怎么了”“怎么”“啊唷”等。

⑪show...in带或领……进来

⑫resign vt.使顺从，安于现状

resign (oneself) to (doing) sth(使自己)顺从于(做)某事；安于无法改变的状况⑬a bit有点儿，稍微

修饰形容词、副词和比较级，作状语；修饰名词时需加of。

⑭make records录音

keep a record of记录……

break a record破纪录

⑮wax/wæks/ n．蜡；蜜蜡

vt.上蜡

⑯disk/dIsk/ n．磁盘

※现在分词短语following Mrs Pearce作状语，表示方式或伴随。

⑰shabby/’ʃæbI/ adj.破旧的；寒酸的

⑱curtsy/’kɜ:tsI/ vi.(also curtsey)行屈膝礼

n．(女子行的)屈膝礼

⑲the other day几天前，那一天(常用在一般过去时的句子中) ※定语从句we saw the other day修饰the one。

⑳take away带走，减去，没收

21ask(sb) for favours(向某人)寻求帮助

○22treat sb like dirt蔑视某人，把某人当下流人对待

○treat sb as...把某人看作……

23shilling/’ʃIlIŋ/ n．先令(1971年以前的英国货币单位，旧币的12便士) ○24have the face to do sth恬不知耻地做某事，居然有脸做某事

○※the same...as...是固定句式。as引导定语从句，在从句中作would(ask)的宾语。

25yer＝you或your(不规范英语) ○26more than多于，超过(＋数词)；不仅仅，不只是(＋名词)；很，非常，相当(＋○形容词或副词) ※I’ve had是定语从句，修饰offer。

27alive adj.活的，在世的；活跃的，有生气的

○表语形容词，也可以作后置定语，不可作前置定语。类似的表语形容词：asleep，alike，afraid，alone，awake 28pass...off as使冒充

○29referee/,refə’ri:/ n．裁判员；仲裁者

○30compromise/’kɒmprəmaIz/ n．& vi.妥协；拆衷

○make a compromise拆衷；让步

31need to be cleaned＝need cleaning需要清洗

○32horrible/’hɒrəbl/ adj.可怕的；恐怖的

○horrify v．使惊恐

horror n．恐怖

3333laundry/’lɔ:ndrI/ n．洗衣店；洗衣房；(待洗的或洗好的)衣服

○○

34bathtub/’bɑ:θtʌb/ n．浴缸；澡盆

○35sth of one’s own＝one’s own sth属于某人自己的东西

○36have a bath洗澡

○37sob/sɒb/ vi.啜泣；抽噎

n．啜泣(声)；抽噎(声) ○38dursn’t＝daren’t不敢

○39waist/weIst/ n．腰；腰部；腰围

○40vest/vest/ n．背心；内衣

○※if引导与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。主句中的I’d是I would的缩写形式，从句中的I’d是I had的缩写形式。表示与过去事实相反的假设时，if条件句用过去完成时态，主句用would/could/should/might＋have done结构。

41disgusting/dIs’ɡʌstIŋ/ adj.使人反感的；令人厌恶的

○42once more再一次

○※how to teach her grammar是“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构，作表语，可以转化为how you should teach her grammar。

43in need of需要……

○※once“一旦”，引导时间状语从句。

44heartily/’hɑ:tIlI/ adv.尽情地；热心地；痛快地

○45overlook/,əʊvə’lʊk/ vt.俯视；忽视；不理会

○※the best way作plan的宾语，动词不定式短语to teach her作定语，修饰the best way。

46alphabet/’ælfəbet/ n．字母表

○※How about...？＝What about...？……怎么样？

47effective/I’fektIv/ adj.有效的

○※be considered very effective中effective是形容词，作主语补足语。

48fade out(声音、画面)逐渐模糊；渐淡

○fade/feId/ vi.& vt.(使)褪色；减弱；逐渐消失

原文呈现

Act Two，Scene I MAKING THE BET①

It

is

11 am

in

Henry

Higgins’ house

the

next

day.Henry

Higgins

and

Colonel

Pickering

are

sitting

deep

in②

conversation．

H：Do you want to hear any more sounds? CP：No，thank you.I rather fancied myself③ because I can pronounce twenty－four distinct vowel④ sounds；but your one hundred and thirty beat me.I can’t distinguish⑤

most of them. H：(laughing)Well，that comes with practice. There

is

a

knock

and

Mrs

Pearce⑥(MP)，the

housekeeper，comes

in

with

cookies⑦，a

teapot⑧，some

cream⑨

and

two

cups. MP：(hesitating)A young girl is asking to see you. H：A young girl！What does she want? MP：Well，she’s quite a common kind of girl with dirty nails.I thought perhaps you wanted her to talk into your machines. H：Why？Has she got an interesting accent？We’ll see.Show her in⑪，Mrs Pearce. MP：(only

half

resigned⑫

to it)Very well，sir.(goes

downstairs) H：This is a bit⑬

of luck.I’ll show you how I make records⑭

on wax⑮

disks⑯... MP：(returning)This is the young girl，sir.(Eliza

comes

into

the

room

shyly

following

Mrs

Pearce．She

is

dirty

and

wearing

a

shabby⑰

dress.She

curtsies⑱

to

the

two

men.) H：(disappointed)Why！I’ve got this girl in my records.She’s the one we saw the other day⑲．She’s no use at all.Take her away⑳. CP：(gently

to

Eliza)What do you want，young lady? E：(upset) I wanna be a lady in a flower shop’stead o’selling flowers in the street.But they won’t take me’less I speak better.So here I am，ready to pay him.I’m not asking 21—and he treats me like dirt○22. for any favours○⑩

H：How much? E：(happier)Now yer talking.A lady friend of mine gets French lessons for two 23

an hour from a real Frenchman.You wouldn’t have the face to ask○24

shillings○25

would for French.So I won’t give yer me for the same for teaching me as yer○26

a shilling. more than○H：(ignoring

Eliza

and

speaking

to

Pickering)If you think of how much money this girl has—why，it’s the best offer I’ve had！(to

Eliza)But if I teach you，I’ll be worse than a father. CP：I say，Higgins.Do you remember what you said last night？I’ll say you’re the 27

if you can pass her off as○28

a lady.I’ll be the referee○29

greatest teacher alive○for this little bet and pay for the lessons too... E：(gratefully)Oh，yer real good，yer are.Thank you，Colonel. 30)OK，I’ll teach you.(to

Mrs

H：Oh，she is so deliciously low.(compromises○31

first.Take her away，Mrs Pearce.Wash her Pearce)But she’ll need to be cleaned○32

clothes.We’ll buy her new ones.What’s your name，girl? and burn her horrible○33

when I E：I’m Eliza Doolittle and I’m clean.My clothes went to the laundry○washed last week. 34

of his own○35

and he has a bath○36

every MP：Well，Mr Higgins has a bathtub○morning.If these two gentlemen teach you，you’ll have to do the same.They won’t like the smell of you otherwise. 37)I can’t.I dursn’t○38.It ain’t natural and it’d kill me.I’ve never had a E：(sobbing○39

nor taking my bath in my life；not over my whole body，neither below my waist○40

off.I’d never have come if I’d known about

this disgusting○41

thing you vest○want me to do... 42，take her away，Mrs Pearce，immediately.(Outside

Eliza

is

still

H：Once more○

weeping

with

Mrs

Pearce)You see the problem，Pickering.It’ll be how to teach her 43

both. grammar，not just pronunciation.She’s in need of○CP：And there’s another problem，Higgins.What are we going to do once the experiment is over? 44)Throw her back. H：(heartily○45

that！CP：But you cannot overlook○She’ll be changed and she has feelings too.We must be practical，mustn’t we?

H：Well，we’ll deal with that later.First，we must plan the best way to teach her．

46？That’s usually considered very CP：How about beginning with the alphabet○47．..(fades out○48

as

they

go

off

stage

together) effective○课文译文

第二幕，第一场

打赌

第二天上午11点，在亨利·希金斯家。亨利·希金斯同皮克林上校正坐着深切地交谈。

希：你还想不想听听更多的发音呢？

皮：不听了，谢谢。我本来还很自负的，因为我能清晰地发出24个元音来。而你却发出了130个元音，其中多数我都分辨不清。你赢了我。

希：(笑起来)噢，这都是练习的结果。

敲门声起，女管家皮尔斯夫人(管)带着甜点、茶壶、奶油和两个杯子进来。

管：(犹豫地)一个年轻姑娘求见你。

希：年轻姑娘！她想要什么？

管：哦，很普通的一个年轻姑娘，手指甲脏兮兮的。我本来还以为是你要她来对着机器讲话的呢。

希：怎么啦？她的口音很有趣吗？咱们来看看吧。皮尔斯夫人，带她进来。

管：(半听半不听地)好吧，先生。(随即向楼下走去) 希：还真是运气，我让你看看我是怎样在旧式唱片上录音的。

管：(返回来)先生，这就是那个年轻姑娘。(伊莱扎跟在皮尔斯夫人后面羞怯地走进房来。她穿着破旧的衣服，还脏兮兮的。进来就朝两位先生行屈膝礼。)

希：(失望地)好啦！我已经给这个年轻姑娘做过记录了。她就是那天我们见到过的那个，现在根本就没有用了，带她走吧。

皮：(温和地对伊莱扎说)年轻姑娘，你想要做什么？

伊：(不安地)我想在花店里当卖花姑娘，不想到街上卖花了。但是他们不会要我，除非我讲话讲得好些，所以我来了，准备付给他钱。我并不是求他帮忙——可他把我当下贱人看待。

希：你给多少钱？

伊：(比较高兴)啊，你发话了。我的一位女士朋友跟一个真正的法国人学法文，每小时两先令。你总不会有脸要我付跟学法语同样多的钱吧。所以我最多给你一个先令。

希：(不理睬伊莱扎，而跟皮克林说)要是你想到这个年轻姑娘身上能有多少钱，那么，这就是我能得到的最高薪俸了！(对伊莱扎说)不过，要是我来教你，我会比当爸爸的还要严格。

皮：喂，希金斯。你还记得昨天晚上你说过的话吗？如果你能使她冒充一位贵夫人，那么我说你就是当今最了不起的教师了。我会为这个小赌当裁判，而且课时费也由我来付……

伊：(感激地)啊，你真好，真好。谢谢你，上校。

希：噢，她真是粗俗得可爱。(提出拆衷的办法)好吧，我教你。(对皮尔斯夫人说)不过，她得先把自己洗干净了。把她带下去，皮尔斯夫人。给她洗一洗，把那身可怕的脏衣服全都烧掉。我们给她买新的。姑娘，你叫什么名字？

伊：我叫伊莱扎·杜利特尔。我是干净的，上个礼拜才洗过澡，我的衣服送到洗衣房了。

管：哦，希金斯先生有自己的浴缸，他每天早晨都要洗澡。如果你要这两位先生教你，你就得照着办。他们不想闻到你身上的那股气味。

伊：(哭泣)我不能，我不敢。这太别扭了，会要我的命的。我这一生从来没有在浴缸里洗过澡，特别是全身浸泡，冲洗腰部以下或者把我的背心拿走我也是不会洗的。要是我知道你要我做这种丑事，我是决不会来的……

希：我再说一遍，把她带走，皮尔斯夫人，立刻带走。(伊莱扎跟皮尔斯夫人出去了，还在哭泣)皮克林，你看到麻烦了吧。不仅仅是语音问题，还得教语法呢。

这两个方面她都需要。

皮：希金斯，还有一个问题。一旦试验完成了，我们准备做什么呢？

希：(兴奋地)把她扔回去。

皮：但你可不能小看这个问题！她是会变的，她也是有感情的。我们必须实际一些，难道不是吗？

希：噢，这个以后再谈吧。首先，我们必须要制订一个最好的教学计划。

皮：先从字母教起怎么样？那通常被认为很有效……(两人一起朝台下走去，声音逐渐减弱)

Ⅰ.True(T) or False(F)．

1．Higgins and Colonel Pickering were talking heatedly about sounds when Mrs Pearce came in.(

) 2．Higgins was excited when he found the girl Mrs pearce took in was Eliza.(

) 3．Eliza was happy when she knew Higgins asked her to have a bath and burn her clothes.(

) 答案

1.T

2.F

3.F Ⅱ.Read the text and choose the best answer.

1．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The flower girl came to Higgins for help. B．Higgins and Pickering reached an agreement to teach the girl proper language. C．Higgins refused to teach the girl at first. D．Pickering suggested that Higgins teach the girl proper language. 2．Why did Higgins refuse to teach the flower girl at first? A．Because the girl was dirty. B．Because he had the record of the girl already. C．Because the flower girl didn’t want to wash herself.

D．Because the girl wasn’t clever enough to learn proper language.

3．The girl came to Higgins for

________．

A．she wanted to learn her proper language B．she wanted to leave her hometown forever C．she didn’t want others to recognize her accent

D．she wanted to improve her language so as to be taken as a lady in a flower shop 4．What is the meaning of the word “bet” in the title of the passage? A．Whether Higgins would teach the flower girl. B．Whether the girl would be changed into a lady in advanced society. C．Whether the girl would learn proper language. D．Whether Higgins would persuade the girl to learn proper language. 5．What can we conclude from the passage? A．Higgins would refuse to teach the flower girl. B．Pickering would help to teach the flower girl. C．Higgins would teach the girl proper language and other things. D．Pickering would teach the girl instead. 答案

1.B

2.B

3.D

4.B

5.C

1．rob vt.抢劫；盗窃；剥夺

someone who steals sth or robs sb.(教材P32) 偷盗某物或抢劫某人的人。

(1)rob sb of sth

抢夺某人某物；使某人丧失某物

rob someplace of sth

从某处抢走某物

(2)robbery n.

抢劫，掠夺

robber n.

抢劫犯，盗贼

①While he was away，his house was robbed. 他外出时，家被盗了。

②—Do you know the

robbery (rob) last month? —Yes.Two

robbers__robbed

the bank in our city.(rob) ——你知道上个月发生的抢劫吗？

——是的，两名抢劫犯抢劫了我市的银行。

③They knocked the driver down and robbed him of his car. 他们把司机打倒在地，抢走了他的车。

2．compromise n．妥协；和解；折衷

v．妥协；让步；违背；放弃

(compromises) OK，I’ll teach you.(教材P34) (折衷)好吧。我会教你。

(1)reach/arrive at/come to a compromise达成妥协

make compromises

做出让步

(2)compromise with sb

与某人和解

compromise on sth

就某事折衷

①This model represents the best compromise between price and quality. 这种型号是价格和质量间的最佳折衷方案。

②Sometimes the couples should make__compromises/a__compromise__with each other in order to live harmoniously. 为了和谐地生活，有时夫妻之间彼此需要作出让步。

③After a long talk，the two sides finally

reached/arrived__at/came__to a compromise. 长期谈判之后，双方最终达成了妥协。

④I wanted to go to Greece，and my wife wanted to go to Spain，so we compromised

on

Italy. 我想去希腊，可我妻子想去西班牙，于是我们折衷了一下，去意大利。

1．show...in 带/领……进来

Show her in，Mrs Pearce.(教材P34) 皮尔斯夫人，带她进来。

show sb around

带领某人参观

show sb into

领某人进入

show off

炫耀

show sb out

领某人出去

show up

出现；到达；显露，显现出来

①She showed me in when I arrived. 当我到达时，她把我领进来。

②After the lecture，we

were__shown__around the school by the headmaster. 讲座结束后，校长带领我们参观了校园。

③Mike has only driven to the pub to

show__off his new car—he usually walks.迈克开车来酒店只是为了向大家炫耀他的新车，他通常是步行的。

④She didn’t show__up for our wedding because she forgot it.她没有来参加我们的婚礼，因为她忘了。

[语境串记]

As soon as the guest showed up at the gate，my brother Jim showed

him in.While Jim showed

the guest around

our house，he showed off

his collections.When it was time for the guest to leave，Jim showed him out. 客人刚一出现在大门口，我弟弟吉姆就领他进来了。在吉姆领客人参观我们的房子时，他炫耀了一下他的收藏品。当客人该离开时，吉姆领他出去了。

2．in need of...需要……

She’s in need of both.(教材P35)这两个方面她都需要。

in need

在困难中；在危急中

There is no need to do sth

没有必要做某事

satisfy/meet one’s needs

满足某人的需求

①Deeds are better than words when people are in need of help.当有人需要救助的时候，行动胜于言语。

②But，I’m sorry we’re not able to

satisfy/meet__your__needs at this time. 但是很遗憾，这次我们不能满足你的需要。

③There is no need for you

to__feel (feel) sorry for him.你没有必要为他难过。

3．fade vi.& vt.(使)褪色，减弱，逐渐消失

...fades out as they go off stage together.(教材P35) 当他们一齐走下舞台时，声音逐渐变小。

fade out

(声音、画面)逐渐模糊；渐淡

fade in

(声音、画面)逐渐清晰；渐强

fade away

逐渐消失，衰弱；病重死亡

①When I came into the classroom，the noise faded out gradually.我走进教室，噪音逐渐停了下来。

②I saw the monitor black out and then a few words faded__in．我看见屏幕变暗，然后出现了几个字。

③All the effort has gone into rescuing the mine workers in the past five days，but now hopes seem to__be__fading__away．

五天来一直在全力抢救矿工，但是希望逐渐渺茫。

1．Henry Higgins and Colonel Pickering are sitting deep in conversation.(教材P34) 亨利·希金斯同皮克林上校正坐着深切地交谈。

句中形容词短语deep in conversation作伴随状语；deep in sth表示“专心于，全神贯注，深陷于”。形容词(短语)在句中可以作状语，表示时间、原因、方式、伴随、让步、条件等，也可以用来说明主语的情况或进行强调。通常其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。多用逗号与全句隔开。

(1)作时间状语

①Ripe，the grapes are sweet.(＝When the grapes are ripe，they are sweet.)这些葡萄熟了时很甜。

(2)作原因状语，通常位于句首

②Deep__in__thought,__ he didn’t notice the car running towards him.

由于陷入深思中，他没有注意到车正朝他驶来。

(3)作伴随状语，位于句首或句末均可

③After finishing the task，the workers all went back home，happy but

tired

(tire)．

完成任务之后，工人们都回家了，非常高兴但却很疲劳。

(4)作结果状语，一般位于句末

④He returned from war, safe__and__sound．

他安然无恙地从战争中归来。

(5)作让步状语，常由一个形容词短语或由or连接的两个以上的并列形容词短语构成。常位于句首，也可位于句中。

⑤Right__or__wrong，I’ll stand on your side.

无论对与否，我都会站在你这一边。

2．I’d never have come if I’d known

about this disgusting thing you want me to do...(教材P35)如果我早知道你让我做这么令人讨厌的事我才不会来呢……

(1)本句为主从复合句，用虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反的假设情况。条件从句中的谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”形式，主句中的谓语动词用would/could/should/might＋have＋过去分词形式。

①We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold hadn’t offered us a ride home.如果昨天Harold没送我们回家，我们会打出租车回家的。

(2)虚拟条件句的三种常见用法情况：

与现在

事实相反

与过去

事实相反

与将来事实

可能相反

从句

动词过去式(be的过去式用were) had＋动词过去分词

动词过去式/should＋动词原形/were to＋动词原形

主句

would/could/should/might＋动词原形

would/could/should/might＋have＋过去分词

would/could/should/might＋动词原形

②If I

were (be) you，I should seize the chance to go abroad.如果我是你，我就抓住这次出国的机会。

③If you

had__taken (take)my advice，you wouldn’t have failed in the examination.

如果你听我的建议，你就不会考试不及格了。

④If it were__to__snow/should__snow/snowed

this evening，they would not go out. 如果今晚下雪，他们将不出去了。

[名师点津]

在书面语中，如果if引导的虚拟条件从句中有were，had或should，可以把if省略，而把它们放到主语之前，构成倒装结构。有not时，not不提前。

⑤Should they have patience，they could do the work well. 如果他们有耐心的话，他们就可能把这项工作做好。

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．A helicopter flew over our apartment，making a

horrible noise. 2．The bank is reported in the local newspaper to have been robbed in broad daylight. 3．Obviously，it was the

disgusting

smell of the river that caused the fish to die. 4．Her mother warned her not to

overlook the importance of this opportunity. 5．After graduation，my sister plans to run an online shop to sell

musical

instruments. 6．Neither side is prepared to

compromise

(妥协)，so it is difficult to reach an agreement. 7．The curtains I bought many years ago in the supermarket have

faded

(褪色) in the sun. 8．To the fans’ surprise，the old man in

shabby

(寒酸的) clothes should be the singer’s father.

9．Does the

referee (裁判) have the power to send the players off the field? 10．After taking the drug，the patients found it really

effective

(有效的)．

Ⅱ.选词填空

compromise with，in need of，fade out，once more，show...in，deep in thought，rob...of，deal with 1．They made every effort to save the crops

in__need__of water on this dry land. 2．The host and the hostess

showed their guests in．

3．Three men

robbed a local bank of a large amount

of money last night. 4．Tom was

deep__in__thought

and didn’t notice the tree ahead of him. 5．The bridegroom left the flowers in the hotel so he had to go there

once__more．

6．We all know that，if not carefully

dealt__with,__the situation will get worse. 7．At the end of the film，the music

faded__out

but the audience cheered up. 8．On this dispute，the two sides will never

compromise__with each other. Ⅲ.补全句子

1．Memories of my hometown

faded__away after many years. 过了多年以后，对我的家乡的记忆渐渐淡化了。

2．Deep__in__the__book,__ he didn’t notice the teacher come into the classroom.

全神贯注地读书，他没注意到老师走进教室。

3．Once__you__get__into__a__bad__habit，you’ll find it hard to get out of it.

一旦染上坏习惯，想改掉就难了。

4．He would have been to Bali Island to attend his friend’s wedding，if

he__had__known__the__news__earlier．

如果他早得到消息的话，他会回去参加他朋友在巴厘岛的婚礼。

5．Whenever/No__matter__when

you set off，please keep me informed. 无论你在任何时间出发，请通知我。

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．The vain woman often shows off her new clothes in the office. 2．Within a while both the hill and the city faded

out，too dim to see，and became invisible in an instant. 3．Lost (lose) in thought，he almost ran into the tree in the street. 4．We are developing new products，so we are badly

in

need of technical know－how. 5．After a long talk，my parents and I came to

a compromise on my monthly expense. 6．If he

had__come

(come) here yesterday，he would have met the famous singer. Ⅱ.单句改错

1．A policeman told me that the shop had robbed last night.robbed前加been

2．My calculation was wrong because I overlooked on one tiny point.去掉on

3．If I put down his address，I wouldn’t have lost touch with him.第一个I后加had

4．There is no need for you to being worried about it; everything will be all right.being→be

5．Show the visitors out as soon as he arrives.Don’t make him wait around in the corridor.out→in

Ⅲ.阅读理解

A

Encouragement and praise can come in many forms，and some ways are better for child development than others.Researchers at the University of Chicago who studied mother－child interactions over the course found that the type of praise children receive affects their attitudes toward challenges later in life.Specifically，praise coming with feedback about their behavior that kids made helped them to deal better with difficult experiences five years later，compared with compliments that focused more on the child himself，like “You’re a good boy.”

“This is something we suspected would be the case based on a lot of experimental research，and it’s exciting to see it plays out in the real world，” says Elizabeth，a professor of psychology at Temple University，who led the study.“Praising the efforts，actions and work of the kid is going to be more beneficial in their long－term persistence and work hard in the future.”

Such “process praise” includes comments such as “You worked really hard” or “You’re doing a great job，” which emphasize the child’s actions.“Person praise” includes comments like “You’re so smart” or “You’re so good，” which focus on a child’s inherent qualities.These

distinctions

aren’t new in the field of psychology，but exactly how they affect children’s development over the years hasn’t been clear. As part of the study，researchers visited the homes of more than 50 toddlers between the age of 1 and 3 years old，and filmed their daily interactions with their parents during multiple 90－minute sessions.Five years later，the researchers followed up with the families，using questionnaires to measure the children’s attitudes toward challenges and problem solving.The children who grew up with more process praise were more open to challenge，and could identify more ways of overcoming difficult problems.While person praise didn’t seem to have any negative effect on the children，process praise teaches children that their talents and abilities can be developed and improved，while person praise sends the message that their abilities are fixed and therefore not easily changed. 【语篇解读】

根据一项研究表明父母的奖励性话语对孩子的行为产生积极的影

响。

1．Which of the following statements is NOT true? A．Praising inspires kids to form good personal quality. B．Praising kids is tested to be effective in the long run. C．The process of praising kids experiment is suspected. D．The praising experiment is carried out in real situation. 答案

C

[细节理解题。选项C与第二段第一句表达不符，其余选项可在第二段第一句及第二句找到依据。] 2．The underlined word “distinctions ”in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ________．

A．condition C．exception B．difference D．appearance

答案

B

[词义理解题。根据第三段第一句及第二句的句意可得知：作者是在比较两种表扬方式的差异：过程式表扬关注孩子的行为，而个人表扬更强调孩子的本性。] 3．From the last paragraph we can learn that ________．

A．kids should not be praised too frequently B．different kids should be praised differently C．process praise is less effective as we expected D．kids with process praise tend to be more creative 答案

D

[推理判断题。根据最后一段第三句“The children who grew up with more process...”及第四句“process praise teaches children that their talents and abilities...”可推断总结出：过程式的表扬可以使孩子更具创造力。] 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To introduce a better way to praise kids B．To compare two different praising ways C．To predict the result of process praising D．To report the way of praising experiment 答案

A

[主旨大意题。文章的中心思想和主题大意出现在第一段及最后一段，

本文主要介绍一种更佳的表扬方式，故选A。] B

★ Would you like volunteers to help with everyday chores？A retired couple wants to contribute in any way that can help.We worked with BlazeAid，a volunteer－based organization，in the last two years，but want to stay away from the coast this year.We have owned a small farm in Victoria for 20 years but now live in the town.He is a good handyman for most jobs while I am an accountant.We are available from 10th to 28th June.The perfect arrangement is to provide power & water connections for our caravan(可供居住的拖车)．Please contact Noel & Sue Hutchens on 0427543001. ★

We will be leaving Brisbane and are looking for work.We haven’t set a destination and just prepare to go wherever the work takes us.Below is a little about us and what we have experience in，but we are happy to try anything，especially picking.My husband’s name is John，57 years old.He is fit and has experience in the fruit & vegetable industry.We have our own self－contained caravan.Please contact John on 0419670602.

★ My name is Carol and my partner is Allan.We are travelling around Australia and looking for short－or long－term work as Motel or Caravan Park Managers.We both take pride in our work and are very interested in the hotel industry.We are non－smokers and consider ourselves friendly，honest，reliable，flexible，enthusiastic，quick learners with a willingness to learn more and a desire to deliver outstanding customer service.Please contact Carol on 0438822295. ★We are a happy and healthy couple experienced in caretaking of caravan parks and are looking for short－term caretaker roles in Victoria or New South Wales.We have a fully self－contained caravan and a tiny pet Chihuahua.Please contact Clyde on 0407510690. 【语篇解读】

本文是应用文。本文是某网站上发布的寻找工作的四条启事，发布者都是拥有可居住拖车的夫妻。

5．Which number should you call if you need help with daily chores? A．0427543001. B．0419670602.

C．0438822295. D．0407510690. 答案

A

[细节理解题。由第一段的“Would you like volunteers to help with everyday chores？Please contact Noel & Sue Hutchens on 0427543001”可知，第一对夫妻帮人们免费干家务活儿，联系他们可以拨打电话0427543001。] 6．Where do John and his wife most want to work? A．On fruit farms. C．In caravan parks. B．Near Brisbane. D．Near their hometown. 答案

A

[推理判断题。由第二段的“especially picking”和“has experience in the fruit & vegetable industry”可推知，他们最想要工作的地方会是果园。] 7．What makes the last couple different from the other three? A．They have little relevant experience. B．They want to try something different. C．They are specific about working places. D．They have a fully self－contained caravan. 答案

C

[细节理解题。由最后一段的“are looking for short－term caretaker roles in Victoria or New South Wales”可知，相比其他三对夫妻，最后一对夫妻对于工作地点有明确想法。] Ⅳ.完形填空

When I think of my father，I remember his hands.They built wooden toys for me.They ____1__ my chest and stomach when I learned to swim.__2__，they couldn’t break free of the bed rails(扶手)，or of the cancer that slowly

__3__ him. His hands were ____4__ so that he wouldn’t pull out his IV.Continuous injections(注射)left his hands __5__．I looked at his hands and __6__

how strong they used to be and how so many things I know how to do came from

__7__

his hands. My father was a teacher.Not by trade but by __8__．He understood the phrase “teachable moment” better than most __9__．When I was six，with his hands __10__ making toys，he said，“You should help one person each day.” The lectures didn’t end when I __11__，either.He would make sure I was not turning into a bad parent. But the time came when my sister and I waited for Dad’s ____12__ from the X－ray

lab.At the ____13__ of a bed coming toward us，we looked up.Dad raised his hand，and the nurse stopped __14____ the bed.He was bald，his eyes sunken (凹陷的)．My heart got __15__

when I looked down at him. I sat with Dad during his final night.At 7 a．m.the nurse announced a __16__—he was gone.I looked toward the ceiling as if watching Dad drive away after

__17__

his grandchildren.Only this time there would be no __18__ to me. I believe dignity(尊严)may be the most important

__19__ a parent can pass on to a child—dying with it.When he was moved away，his hands were no longer tied down.They were folded __20__ across his chest. 【语篇解读】

本文是记叙文。小时候，父亲的双手为作者撑起一片天空；当父亲生病时，他的双手变得多么虚弱无力；而当父亲去世后，他的双手又是多么安静。

1．A.patted C．pressed B．raised D．floated 答案

B

[由下文“when I learned to swim”可知，小时候，父亲教作者游泳，他双手托起作者的胸和肚子。] 2．A.However C．Therefore B．Thus D．Instead 答案

A

[根据语境可知，曾经强壮的双手，如今被束缚在病床的扶手上。由此可知，上下文是转折关系。] 3．A.possesses C．approaches B．challenges D．kills 答案

D

[由“cancer”及下文父亲病逝可知，疾病正在慢慢地扼杀他。] 4．A.checked

C．tied B．injured D．operated 答案

C

[由下文“they couldn’t break free of the bed rails”可知，父亲的双手被绑在病床的扶手上，目的是阻止他拔掉插在手上的管子。] 5．A.dirty C．delicate B．soft D．weak

答案

D

[由“Continuous injections”和下文“how strong they used to be”可知，持续的注射让父亲曾经强壮的手变得无力。] 6．A.described C．forgot B．remembered D．wondered

答案

B

[由第三段的内容可知，看到父亲变得虚弱的双手，作者想起了许多往事。] 7．A.feeling C．shaking B．holding D．watching 答案

D

[作者会做的许多事都是从看着父亲的双手学来的。] 8．A.profession C．chance

B．nature D．mistake 答案

B

[由Not by trade及下文父亲的做法可知，他不是以老师为职业，但天生就是个老师。] 9．A.educators C．parents B．nurses D．scholars 答案

A

[“educators”与“teacher”呼应。父亲比大多数教育家都更懂得“教育时机”。] 10．A.successful C．busy B．slow D．skillful 答案

C

[根据语境可知，作者六岁时，父亲一边做玩具，一边对他讲道理。] 11．A.grew up C．got down B．sped up D．went out

答案

A

[与“When I was six”呼应，作者长大后，父亲的教育也没有停止。下句“He would make sure I was not turning into a bad parent”也有提示。] 12．A.message C．tour B．return D．cure 答案

B

[由“from the X－ray lab”可知，作者和他的姐姐在等父亲做X光检查回来。] 13．A.request B．sight

C．thought D．sound 答案

D

[由“we looked up”可知，听到病床推过来的声音，他们抬起头来看。] 14．A.changing C．pushing B．fixing D．making 答案

C

[根据语境可知，父亲举起了手，护士停止推动病床。] 15．A.heavier C．bigger B．harder D．stronger

答案

A

[由“He was bald，his eyes sunken”可知，作者看到父亲的情形，心情沉痛。] 16．A.result C．fact B．report D．plan

答案

C

[由“he was gone”可知，早上7点钟；护士告诉了作者一个事实——父亲过世了。] 17．A.cheering C．greeting

B．teaching D．visiting 答案

D

[由上文“watching Dad drive away”可知，作者强忍着悲痛看天花板，好像目送父亲看望孙子后开车离开一样。] 18．A.prize C．wave B．appeal

D．smile 答案

C

[但跟往常不同的是，这次父亲没有挥手告别。] 19．A.lesson C．faith B．aim D．reputation 答案

A

[由下文“dying with it”和“his hands were no longer tied down”可知，生前，父亲的双手被绑在床上，此时，他的双手不再被绑了。作者认为这是人应得到的尊严，生前如此，死后也是如此。这是一个父亲能教给孩子的最重要的一课。] 20．A.tightly C．fiercely B．peacefully D．carefully

答案

B

[根据语境可知，父亲的双手安静地放在他的胸前。]